Collisional interaction limits between dark matters and baryons in `cooling flow' clusters

Presuming weak collisional interactions to exchange the kinetic energy between dark matter and baryonic matter in a galaxy cluster, we re-examine the effectiveness of this process in several `cooling flow' galaxy clusters using available X-ray observations and infer an upper limit on the heavy dark matter particle (DMP)$-$proton cross section $\sigma_{\rm xp}$. With a relative collisional velocity $V-$dependent power-law form of $\sigma_{\rm xp}=\sigma_0(V/10^3 {\rm km s^{-1}})^a$ where $a\leq 0$, our inferred upper limit is \sigma_0/m_{\rm x}\lsim 2\times10^{-25} {\rm cm}^2 {\rm GeV}^{-1} with $m_{\rm x}$ being the DMP mass. Based on a simple stability analysis of the thermal energy balance equation, we argue that the mechanism of DMP$-$baryon collisional interactions is unlikely to be a stable nongravitational heating source of intracluster medium (ICM) in inner core regions of `cooling flow' galaxy clusters.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures, MNRAS accepte

Feynman-Kac formula for heat equation driven by fractional white noise

We establish a version of the Feynman-Kac formula for the multidimensional stochastic heat equation with a multiplicative fractional Brownian sheet. We use the techniques of Malliavin calculus to prove that the process defined by the Feynman-Kac formula is a weak solution of the stochastic heat equation. From the Feynman-Kac formula, we establish the smoothness of the density of the solution and the H\"{o}lder regularity in the space and time variables. We also derive a Feynman-Kac formula for the stochastic heat equation in the Skorokhod sense and we obtain the Wiener chaos expansion of the solution.Comment: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/10-AOP547 the Annals of Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org