Графический дизайн как визуальный язык межкультурного взаимодействия

This article describes how visual graphics language as a sign system can be in contact with the audience, overcoming the language barrier. In terms of graphic design it can be available to transfer information, and even affect the viewer, causing artistic and emotional reflection.Эта статья о том, как визуальный язык графики в виде знаковой символики может входить в контакт со зрителем, преодолевая языковый барьер. На языке графического дизайна можно доступно передать информацию и даже воздействовать на зрителя, вызывая при этом художественно-эмоциональные образы

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<p>Comprehensive RNA analyses in individual cells in their native spatial contexts promise to transform our understanding of normal physiology and disease pathogenesis. Here we report a single-cell in situ RNA analysis approach using switchable fluorescent oligonucleotides (SFO). In this method, transcripts are first hybridized by pre-decoding oligonucleotides. These oligonucleotides subsequently recruit SFO to stain their corresponding RNA targets. After fluorescence imaging, all the SFO in the whole specimen are simultaneously removed by DNA strand displacement reactions. Through continuous cycles of target staining, fluorescence imaging, and SFO removal, a large number of different transcripts can be identified by unique fluorophore sequences and visualized at the optical resolution. To demonstrate the feasibility of this approach, we show that the hybridized SFO can be efficiently stripped by strand displacement reactions within 30 min. We also demonstrate that this SFO removal process maintains the integrity of the RNA targets and the pre-decoding oligonucleotides, and keeps them hybridized. Applying this approach, we show that transcripts can be restained in at least eight hybridization cycles with high analysis accuracy, which theoretically would enable the whole transcriptome to be quantified at the single molecule sensitivity in individual cells. This in situ RNA analysis technology will have wide applications in systems biology, molecular diagnosis, and targeted therapies.</p

Additional file 1: Figure S1. of MicroRNA-195 suppresses tumor cell proliferation and metastasis by directly targeting BCOX1 in prostate carcinoma

miR-195 is under-expressed in metastasis PCa. miR-195 expression was decreased in metastatic PCa compared to primary PCa tissues. (JPEG 117 kb

New Tests for Equality of Several Covariance Functions for Functional Data

<p>In this article, we propose two new tests for the equality of the covariance functions of several functional populations, namely, a quasi-GPF test and a quasi-<i>F</i>_max test whose test statistics are obtained via globalizing a pointwise quasi-<i>F</i>-test statistic with integration and taking its supremum over some time interval of interest, respectively. Unlike several existing tests, they are scale-invariant in the sense that their test statistics will not change if we multiply each of the observed functions by any nonzero function of time. We derive the asymptotic random expressions of the two tests under the null hypothesis and show that under some mild conditions, the asymptotic null distribution of the quasi-GPF test is a chi-squared-type mixture whose distribution can be well approximated by a simple-scaled chi-squared distribution. We also propose a random permutation method for approximating the null distributions of the quasi-GPF and <i>F</i>_max tests. The asymptotic distributions of the two tests under a local alternative are also investigated and the two tests are shown to be root-<i>n</i> consistent. A theoretical power comparison between the quasi-GPF test and the <i>L</i>²-norm-based test proposed in the literature is also given. Simulation studies are presented to demonstrate the finite-sample performance of the new tests against five existing tests. An illustrative example is also presented. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.</p

Association between PLAGL2 expression and BCR-free survival and OS of PCa patients assessed by Kaplan–Meier survival curves.

<p>(A) The patients with high expression had significantly shorter median 5-year BCR-free survival than those with low PLAGL2 expression. (B) The patients with high expression had significantly shorter median 5-year OS than those with low PLAGL2 expression.</p

Expression of PLAGL2 in paired PCa with adjacent normal prostate tissues and cell lines revealed by qRT-PCR and western blot.

<p>(A) Levels of PLAGL2 mRNA in 25 PCa tissues were significantly higher than those in adjacent noncancerous tissues measured by qRT-PCR (P<0.0001). (B) The PLAGL2 protein level in PCa tissues was upregulated in comparison with adjacent noncancerous tissues measured by Western blot. (C) Western blot indicated the PLAGL2 protein showed higher expression in PCa tissues than in their adjacent normal counterparts. (D) The expression of PLAGL2 mRNA was higher in PCa cell lines (LNCaP, DU145 and PC3) than in RWPE-1 (P<0.0001). (E) Western blot indicated up-regulation of PLAGL2 protein in PCa cell lines (LNCaP, DU145 and PC3) in comparison with RWPE-1.</p

Immunohistochemical staining for PLAGL2 in PCa tissue and BPH tissue.

<p>The PLAGL2 expression was predominantly localized in nuclei (positive staining indicated by arrows). (A) BPH tissue (low staining). (B) PCa tissue (low Gleason Score). (C) PCa tissue (high Gleason Score). ×400 magnification.</p

Composite Microspheres for Separation of Plasmid DNA Decorated with MNPs through in Situ Growth or Interfacial Immobilization Followed by Silica Coating

Raspberry-like colloidal polymer/magnetite/silica composite microspheres were rationally fabricated based on in situ growth or interfacial immobilization of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) onto the polymer matrices and the followed sol–gel coating process. Monodisperse cross-linked poly­(styrene-co-glycidyl methacrylate) microspheres were first prepared by surfactant-free emulsion polymerization, followed by surface modification of carboxyl or amine moieties through thiol-epoxy click chemistry. Then the carboxyl-modified microspheres were in situ decorated with MNPs through solvothermal process or chemical coprecipitation reaction. In parallel, incorporation of MNPs onto polymer matrices was also realized by the interaction of amine-modified polymer microspheres with carboxyl-capped MNPs based on the electrostatic interaction. The two pathways for synthesis of the composite microspheres decorated with MNPs were systematically investigated. Furthermore, the composite microspheres were coated with a thin layer of silica through a sol–gel process. The thus-produced magnetic composite microspheres with desirable magnetization (∼23 emu/g) served as effective supports for high-payload plasmid DNA enrichment (∼17 μg per mg of microspheres), much better than that of the commercial-available sample of SM1–015B (∼12 μg per mg of SM1–015B), shedding lights on the potential advantages of the nanoplatforms for separation of bioactive entities

Prognostic value of PLAGL2 expression for the OS revealed by univariate and multivariate analyses.

<p>Prognostic value of PLAGL2 expression for the OS revealed by univariate and multivariate analyses.</p

Prognostic value of PLAGL2 expression for the BCR-free survival revealed by univariate and multivariate analyses.

<p>Prognostic value of PLAGL2 expression for the BCR-free survival revealed by univariate and multivariate analyses.</p