Competing Magnetic Orderings and Tunable Topological States in Two-Dimensional Hexagonal Organometallic Lattices

The exploration of topological states is of significant fundamental and practical importance in contemporary condensed matter physics, for which the extension to two-dimensional (2D) organometallic systems is particularly attractive. Using first-principles calculations, we show that a 2D hexagonal triphenyl-lead lattice composed of only main group elements is susceptible to a magnetic instability, characterized by a considerably more stable antiferromagnetic (AFM) insulating state rather than the topologically nontrivial quantum spin Hall state proposed recently. Even though this AFM phase is topologically trivial, it possesses an intricate emergent degree of freedom, defined by the product of spin and valley indices, leading to Berry curvature-induced spin and valley currents under electron or hole doping. Furthermore, such a trivial band insulator can be tuned into a topologically nontrivial matter by the application of an out-of-plane electric field, which destroys the AFM order, favoring instead ferrimagnetic spin ordering and a quantum anomalous Hall state with a non-zero topological invariant. These findings further enrich our understanding of 2D hexagonal organometallic lattices for potential applications in spintronics and valleytronics.Comment: 9 pages, 8 figure

높은 분획혈류 예비력을 가진 환자에서 coronary flow reserve와 microcirculatory resistance의 임상적인 의미

학위논문 (석사)-- 서울대학교 대학원 : 의학과 내과학 전공, 2016. 2. 구본권.Background: The clinical manifestations and prognostic impact of microvascular status in patients with high fractional flow reserve (FFR) have not yet been clearly defined. Objectives: We sought to investigate the clinical implications of coronary flow reserve (CFR) and index of microcirculatory resistance (IMR) in patients who underwent fractional flow reserve (FFR) measurement. Methods: Anatomical lesion severity was evaluated by Gensini and SYNTAX scores. Patients with high FFR (>0.80) were divided into 4 groups according to CFR (≤2) and IMR (≥23U) levels: high CFR and low IMR (61.3%), high CFR and high IMR (18.3%), low CFR and low IMR (13.5%), and low CFR and high IMR (7.0%). Clinical outcome was assessed by the patient-oriented composite outcome (POCO, a composite of any death, any myocardial infarction, and any revascularization). The median follow-up duration was 658.0 (IQR 503.8–1139.3) days. Results: The physiologic characteristics of 313 patients (663 vessels) were assessed with FFR, CFR, and IMR. Mean FFR and CFR values were 0.85±0.09 and 2.81±1.02, respectively. The mean angiographic percent diameter stenosis was 41.0±17.2%. The median IMR was 16.0U. Among patients with high FFR, those with low CFR had a higher POCO than did those with high CFR (HR, 4.18995% confidence interval [CI], 1.117–15.715P=0.034). There were no significant differences in clinical and angiographic characteristics and FFR values among the 4 groups. Patients with high IMR and low CFR (overt microvascular disease) showed the highest POCO of all groups (P=0.002). Overt microvascular disease (HR, 4.84595% CI, 1.509–15.557P=0.008), multivessel disease (HR, 3.25495% CI, 1.082–9.787P=0.033), and diabetes mellitus (HR, 2.82895% CI, 1.088–7.349P=0.033) were independent predictors of POCO in patients with high FFR. Conclusion: CFR and IMR can provide additional information on coronary circulation and improve risk stratification of patients with high FFR. Overt microvascular disease (low CFR and high IMR) was associated with poor prognosis.Introduction 1 Methods 3 Patient Population 3 Angiographic Analysis and Quantitative Coronary Angiography 3 Coronary Physiologic Measurements 4 Cut-off Values for Physiological Indices and Classification of Patients 5 Follow-up of the Patients and Adjudication of Clinical Events 6 Statistical Analysis 6 Results 9 General Characteristics of Patients and Target Vessels 9 Comparison of High- and Low-CFR Groups in Patients with High FFR 14 Clinical Outcomes in Four Groups Divided by CFR and IMR 16 Discussion 24 Clinical Implication of CFR in Patients With High FFR 24 Discordance between CFR and IMR 25 Overt Microvascular Disease and Its Prognostic Implication 27 Clinical Implications 27 Limitations 28 Conclusion 29 References 30 국문초록 34Maste

Flightless-I Controls Fat Storage in Drosophila

Triglyceride homeostasis is a key process of normal development and is essential for the maintenance of energy metabolism. Dysregulation of this process leads to metabolic disorders such as obesity and hyperlipidemia. Here, we report a novel function of the Drosophila flightless-I (fliI) gene in lipid metabolism. Drosophila fliI mutants were resistant to starvation and showed increased levels of triglycerides in the fat body and intestine, whereas fliI overexpression decreased triglyceride levels. These flies suffered from metabolic stress indicated by increased levels of trehalose in hemolymph and enhanced phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 alpha (eIF2??). Moreover, upregulation of triglycerides via a knockdown of fliI was reversed by a knockdown of desat1 in the fat body of flies. These results indicate that fliI suppresses the expression of desat1, thereby inhibiting the development of obesity; fliI may, thus, serve as a novel therapeutic target in obesity and metabolic diseases

Brand Image and Evaluation Factors of Fashion Product Advertisement

Brand image is a collection of things related with brand that consumers have in the memory (Keller, 1993) and corporations are making much efforts to build a brand image and advertisement has been used as a major method to inform the brand image. Advertisement is communication message performed for the purpose of positively change the consumer’s emotion for corporations, brands and trademarks

An Exploratory Study on the Association Between Social Capital and Self-Rated Health of South Korean Women with Disabilities

The purpose of this chapter was to explore the relationship between social capital and self-rated health status as assessed in the activities of the everyday life of South Korean women with disabilities. For this purpose, the authors analyzed the 8th data of the panel survey of employment for the disabled (PSED) that included a sample of 275 women with disabilities who are paid worker. The authors found that working environment, working hours, personal development possibilities, communication-and interpersonal-relationships, the fairness of performance assessment, welfare benefits, training opportunities, and job satisfaction differed significantly in relation to the self-rated health status of women with disabilities. The authors also found that for working hours, communication, and interpersonal relationships, significantly higher self-rated health status was found for satisfied compared to the satisfaction group. For personal development possibilities, welfare benefits, and training opportunities, self-rated health status was significantly higher for the satisfaction group than the dissatisfied group. For fairness of the performance assessment, self-rated health status of the satisfaction group was significantly higher than in the dissatisfied and the normal group. Therefore, in order to improve the self-rated health of South Korean women with disabilities, it is necessary to provide working environment considering their disability characteristics and various training opportunities in their workplace

Effect of extraction solvents on antioxidant and skin-whitening potentials of defatted Camellia seed cakes

Defatted Camellia japonica L. seed cake is an important byproduct during the manufacture of Camellia seed oil. The present study evaluated the influence of two extraction solvents on the total contents of phenol and flavonoid, antioxidant activity and skin-whitening effect capable of inhibiting the biosynthesis of melanin of defatted Camellia seed cakes, a byproduct from Camellia oil production. The antioxidant capacities of 100% methanol and 70% ethanol extracts were analysed using radical scavenging (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, O2-, H2O2 and NO), SOD-like, ferrous ion chelating and reducing power assays. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents were further determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method. Moreover, intracellular antityrosinase activity and melanin contents were evaluated in human malignant melanoma cells (SK mel-100). Ethanol extracts of defatted Camellia seed cake extracts exhibited higher phenolic (4097 mg gallic acid equivalents/100 g) and flavonoid (2899 mg rutin equivalents/100 g) contents with higher superoxide (IC50 = 1.9 mg/mL), nitric oxide (IC50 =1.6 mg/mL) radical scavenging, ferrous ion chelating (IC50 = 2.9 mg/mL) and reducing power (IC50 = 1.8 mg/mL) activities than those of methanol. These ethanol extracts also evidenced more effective inhibitory activities of tyrosinase and melanin synthesis than methanol extracts. Therefore, the present results demonstrated that defatted Camellia seed cakes could be a valuable source of antioxidative and whitening ingredients, and ethanol was more efficient in extracting antioxidants and bioactive compounds than methanol

Acori graminei rhizoma Ameliorated Ibotenic Acid-Induced Amnesia in Rats

In the present study, we investigated the effects of Acori graminei rhizoma (AGR) on learning and memory for the Morris water maze task and on the central cholinergic system of the rats with excitotoxic medial septum (MS) lesion. On the water maze test, the rats were trained to find a platform that was in a fixed position during 6 days and then they received a 60 s probe trial in which the platform was removed from the pool on the 7th day. Ibotenic lesioning of the MS impaired the performance on the maze test and it caused degeneration of choline acetyltransferase and acetylcholine esterase in the hippocampus, which are markers of the central cholinergic system. Daily administrations of AGR (100 mg kg−1, i.p.) for 21 consecutive days produced reversals of the ibotenic acid-induced deficit in learning and memory. These treatments also reduced the loss of cholinergic immunoreactivity in the hippocampus that was induced by ibotenic acid. These results demonstrated that AGR ameliorated learning and memory deficits through their effects on the central nervous system, and neuroprotection was partly evaluated through the effect of AGR on the cholinergic system. Our studies suggest that AGR can possibly be used as treatment for Alzheimer's disease

Pressure-Sensitive Adhesives for Flexible Display Applications

Pressure-sensitive adhesives (PSA) have been used in electronics for not only attachment of two materials but also shock absorption, thermal and electrical conductivity, electromagnetic shielding, and optical property. Optically clear adhesives (OCA) have been used as a core material for optical performance of display. In addition to basic properties of OCA such as adhesion strength, transmittance, haze, and reliability, it has required dielectric constant, gap filling, and anticorrosion according to a substrate. However, the structural and functional changes of flexible display bring challenges to OCA that protects vulnerable components such as thin-film transistor, OLED, and thin-film encapsulation by stress dispersion and adjustment of a neutral plane. At the same time, flexibility and existing properties are essential. In this chapter, the development of components and performance of OCA, and evaluation methods will be discussed