Applying event-related potentials to measure consumer preferences for apparel products

By analyzing ERP waveforms generated by sensory and cognitive processing of external stimuli, the researchers attempted to observe how consumers respond emotionally to apparel products and to explain why they responded as they did. In this research, ERPs were applied to explore consumers\u27 subconscious, real-time emotional responses to apparel products. Overall, the favored shirts produced more enhanced ERP amplitude at the FZ, CA, and PZ site than the less favored shirts supporting the hypothesis. As this shows, the P3 and LPP components can be evoked by emotional visual stimuli. More positive-going ERP waves are associated with favorable and pleasant responses to the visual stimuli. Apparel companies would be able to utilize this ERP technique especially the P3 and LPP component to verify consumer preferences

Cell-free synthesis of functional phospholipase A1 from Serratia sp.

Additional file 1: Figure S1 Gas chromatography analysis of sesame oil incubated with cell-free synthesized PLA1

WITHDRAWN: Effects of various glycerol concentrations and thawing temperatures on CASA parameters and acrosomal integrity of frozen–thawed canine spermatozoa

This article has been withdrawn at the request of the author(s) and/or editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause.The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy

Ninjurin1 positively regulates osteoclast development by enhancing the survival of prefusion osteoclasts

Osteoclasts (OCs) are bone-resorbing cells that originate from hematopoietic stem cells and develop through the fusion of mononuclear myeloid precursors. Dysregulation of OC development causes bone disorders such as osteopetrosis, osteoporosis, and rheumatoid arthritis. Although the molecular mechanisms underlying osteoclastogenesis have been well established, the means by which OCs maintain their survival during OC development remain unknown. We found that Ninjurin1 (Ninj1) expression is dynamically regulated during osteoclastogenesis and that Ninj1(-/-) mice exhibit increased trabecular bone volume owing to impaired OC development. Ninj1 deficiency did not alter OC differentiation, transmigration, fusion, or actin ring formation but increased Caspase-9-dependent intrinsic apoptosis in prefusion OCs (preOCs). Overexpression of Ninj1 enhanced the survival of mouse macrophage/preOC RAW264.7 cells in osteoclastogenic culture, suggesting that Ninj1 is important for the survival of preOCs. Finally, analysis of publicly available microarray data sets revealed a potent correlation between high NINJ1 expression and destructive bone disorders in humans. Our data indicate that Ninj1 plays an important role in bone homeostasis by enhancing the survival of preOCs

Decreased C-reactive protein induces abnormal vascular structure in a rat model of liver dysfunction induced by bile duct ligation

Background/Aims Chronic liver disease leads to liver fibrosis, and although the liver does have a certain regenerative capacity, this disease is associated with dysfunction of the liver vessels. C-reactive protein (CRP) is produced in the liver and circulated from there for metabolism. CRP was recently shown to inhibit angiogenesis by inducing endothelial cell dysfunction. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of CRP levels on angiogenesis in a rat model of liver dysfunction induced by bile duct ligation (BDL). Methods The diameter of the hepatic vein was analyzed in rat liver tissues using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. The expression levels of angiogenic factors, albumin, and CRP were analyzed by real-time PCR and Western blotting. A tube formation assay was performed to confirm the effect of CRP on angiogenesis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) treated with lithocholic acid (LCA) and siRNA-CRP. Results The diameter of the hepatic portal vein increased significantly with the progression of cirrhosis. The expression levels of angiogenic factors were increased in the cirrhotic liver. In contrast, the expression levels of albumin and CRP were significantly lower in the liver tissue obtained from the BDL rat model than in the normal liver. The CRP level was correlated with the expression of albumin in hepatocytes treated with LCA and siRNA-CRP. Tube formation was significantly decreased in HUVECs when they were treated with LCA or a combination of LCA and siRNA-CRP. Conclusion CRP seems to be involved in the abnormal formation of vessels in hepatic disease, and so it could be a useful diagnostic marker for hepatic disease

Idiopathic erythrocytosis in a patient on chronic hemodialysis

AbstractA 78-year-old man on hemodialysis presented to our hospital with erythrocytosis. He had started hemodialysis 4 years previously, with a hemoglobin level of 9.8g/dL, and was administered erythropoiesis stimulating agents and ferrous sulfate. Two years previously, his hemoglobin level increased to 14.5g/dL and the treatment for anemia was discontinued. He continued hemodialysis thrice weekly; however, the hemoglobin level had increased to 17.0g/dL at the time of presenting to our hospital. His serum erythropoietin level was 31.4mIU/mL (range, 3.7–31.5mIU/mL), carboxyhemoglobin level was 0.6% (range, 0–1.5%), and oxygen saturation in ambient air was 95.4%. The JAK2 V617F mutation was not observed and other bone marrow abnormalities were not identified. The patient was diagnosed with bladder cancer and a transurethral resection was performed. Eight months after the treatment of bladder cancer, his hemoglobin level was 15.1g/dL, and he was diagnosed with idiopathic erythrocytosis

CT-free quantitative SPECT for automatic evaluation of %thyroid uptake based on deep-learning

Purpose Quantitative thyroid single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) requires computed tomography (CT)-based attenuation correction and manual thyroid segmentation on CT for %thyroid uptake measurements. Here, we aimed to develop a deep-learning-based CT-free quantitative thyroid SPECT that can generate an attenuation map (μ-map) and automatically segment the thyroid. Methods Quantitative thyroid SPECT/CT data (n = 650) were retrospectively analyzed. Typical 3D U-Nets were used for the μ-map generation and automatic thyroid segmentation. Primary emission and scattering SPECTs were inputted to generate a μ-map, and the original μ-map from CT was labeled (268 and 30 for training and validation, respectively). The generated μ-map and primary emission SPECT were inputted for the automatic thyroid segmentation, and the manual thyroid segmentation was labeled (280 and 36 for training and validation, respectively). Other thyroid SPECT/CT (n = 36) and salivary SPECT/CT (n = 29) were employed for verification. Results The synthetic μ-map demonstrated a strong correlation (R2 = 0.972) and minimum error (mean square error = 0.936 × 10−4, %normalized mean absolute error = 0.999%) of attenuation coefficients when compared to the ground truth (n = 30). Compared to manual segmentation, the automatic thyroid segmentation was excellent with a Dice similarity coefficient of 0.767, minimal thyroid volume difference of − 0.72mL, and a short 95% Hausdorff distance of 9.416mm (n = 36). Additionally, %thyroid uptake by synthetic μ-map and automatic thyroid segmentation (CT-free SPECT) was similar to that by the original μ-map and manual thyroid segmentation (SPECT/CT) (3.772 ± 5.735% vs. 3.682 ± 5.516%, p = 0.1090) (n = 36). Furthermore, the synthetic μ-map generation and automatic thyroid segmentation were successfully performed in the salivary SPECT/CT using the deep-learning algorithms trained by thyroid SPECT/CT (n = 29). Conclusion CT-free quantitative SPECT for automatic evaluation of %thyroid uptake can be realized by deep-learning.Key points Question 1: Can CT-free attenuation correction be realized for SPECT? Pertinent findings: The first deep-learning algorithm produced μ-map similar to CT-derived μ-map. Implications for patient care: Quantitative SPECT can be performed without CT. Therefore, patients can be protected from redundant radiation exposure of CT. Question 2: Can the thyroid be segmented without high-resolution images like CT? Pertinent findings: The second deep-learning algorithm successfully generated the thyroid segmentation map using low-resolution images such as the generated μ-map and SPECT. Implications for patient care: The thyroid segmentation process was dramatically reduced from 40–60min to < 1min, facilitating rapid patient care. Question 3: Can quantitative SPECT/CT be possible without CT? Pertinent findings: The two deep-learning algorithms deprived the quantitative thyroid SPECT/CT of CT. Implications for patient care: Repetitive CT acquisitions may be excluded in multiple SPECT/CT-based nuclear imaging studies, such as dosimetry

Therapeutic effects of phlorotannins in the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders

Phlorotannins are natural polyphenolic compounds produced by brown marine algae and are currently found in nutritional supplements. Although they are known to cross the blood–brain barrier, their neuropharmacological actions remain unclear. Here we review the potential therapeutic benefits of phlorotannins in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. In mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease, ethanol intoxication and fear stress, the phlorotannin monomer phloroglucinol and the compounds eckol, dieckol and phlorofucofuroeckol A have been shown to improve cognitive function. In a mouse model of Parkinson’s disease, phloroglucinol treatment led to improved motor performance. Additional neurological benefits associated with phlorotannin intake have been demonstrated in stroke, sleep disorders, and pain response. These effects may stem from the inhibition of disease-inducing plaque synthesis and aggregation, suppression of microglial activation, modulation of pro-inflammatory signaling, reduction of glutamate-induced excitotoxicity, and scavenging of reactive oxygen species. Clinical trials of phlorotannins have not reported significant adverse effects, suggesting these compounds to be promising bioactive agents in the treatment of neurological diseases. We therefore propose a putative biophysical mechanism of phlorotannin action in addition to future directions for phlorotannin research