CONTRIBUIÇÕES DA SEMIOLOGIA FRENTE AOS PRINCIPAIS SINAIS E SINTOMAS DO PACIENTE COM CÂNCER DE PÂNCREAS NA ÓTICA MULTIPROFISSIONAL

Introduction: Cancer is a complex and multifaceted disease that can manifest in different parts of the body, causing abnormal and uncontrolled cell growth. Pancreatic cancer is a type of cancer that originates in the cells that form the pancreas, an organ located behind the stomach. Being a serious illness and presenting a significant diagnostic challenge. Objective: To identify the main symptoms and semiotic signs presented by patients with pancreatic cancer, in addition to analyzing the role of nursing in relation to the signs and symptoms of pancreatic cancer. Methodology: Descriptive bibliographic review and qualitative approach, with analysis of scientific literature that refers to the research object. Analysis and discussion of results: It is common for patients to feel abdominal pain, which can be felt in the upper abdomen or back, due to the pressure of the tumor on the nerves near the pancreas. Another common symptom is unexplained weight loss, which may be related to decreased appetite or difficulty digesting food. The identification of the main symptoms and semiotic signs in patients with pancreatic cancer is a crucial role played by the health team, particularly by the nursing professional. Conclusion: Early detection of pancreatic cancer is crucial to improving the chances of cure and prolonging the patient's life. Therefore, it is essential that the population is aware of the most common symptoms of the disease and seeks immediate medical attention if they have any concerns regarding their health.Introdução: O câncer é uma doença complexa e multifacetada que pode se manifestar em diferentes partes do corpo, ocasionando o crescimento anormal e descontrolado de células. O câncer de pâncreas é um tipo de câncer que tem origem nas células que formam o pâncreas, um órgão localizado atrás do estômago. Sendo uma enfermidade grave e que apresenta um desafio diagnóstico significativo Objetivo: Identificar os principais sintomas e sinais semiológicos apresentados por pacientes com câncer de pâncreas, ademais analisar o papel da enfermagem em relação aos sinais e sintomas do câncer pancreático. Metodologia: revisão bibliográfica de caráter descritivo e abordagem qualitativa, com análise de literaturas científicas que nos remetam ao objeto de pesquisa. Analise e discussão dos resultados: É comum que os pacientes sintam dor abdominal, que pode ser sentida na região superior do abdômen ou nas costas, devido à pressão do tumor nos nervos próximos ao pâncreas. Outro sintoma comum é a perda de peso inexplicável, que pode estar relacionada à diminuição do apetite ou à dificuldade em digerir os alimentos. A identificação dos principais sintomas e sinais semiológicos em pacientes com câncer de pâncreas é um papel crucial desempenhado pela equipe de saúde, em particular pelo profissional de enfermagem. Conclusão: A detecção precoce do câncer de pâncreas é fundamental para melhorar as chances de cura e prolongar a vida do paciente. Por isso, é essencial que a população esteja ciente dos sintomas mais comuns da doença e busque atendimento médico imediato se tiver qualquer preocupação em relação à saúde

CÂNCER DE ESTÔMAGO: FATORES DE RISCO, PREVENÇÃO E TRATAMENTO

Introduction: Stomach cancer poses a major challenge to public health worldwide. This disease is responsible for thousands of deaths every year and significantly impacts the quality of life of patients. Objective: The objective is to increase knowledge about stomach cancer by identifying the main risk factors, as well as the best prevention and treatment strategies. Methodology: A descriptive and qualitative literature review was conducted, analyzing scientific articles related to the research topic. Selection criteria included complete articles published in Portuguese between 2017 and 2022, while exclusion criteria involved duplicate articles, unavailable texts, publications in languages other than Portuguese, and studies published more than 5 years ago. Analysis and discussion of results: There are several risk factors that can increase the likelihood of developing stomach cancer. Among them, infection by the Helicobacter pylori bacterium is one of the most significant. Prevention plays a fundamental role in reducing the incidence of stomach cancer, and adopting simple measures can make a difference. Avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol consumption are essential steps in this process, as these habits are associated with a higher risk of developing the disease. Conclusion: In conclusion, stomach cancer represents a significant challenge to global health, but prevention and adequate treatment play a crucial role in reducing its incidence and increasing survival rates.Introdução: O câncer de estômago representa um grande desafio para a saúde pública em todo o mundo. Essa doença é responsável por milhares de mortes todos os anos e afetam significativamente a qualidade de vida dos pacientes. Objetivo: é aumentar o conhecimento sobre o câncer de estomago, identificando os principais fatores de risco, bem como as melhores estratégias de prevenção e tratamento. Metodologia: uma revisão bibliográfica de caráter descritivo e abordagem qualitativa, com análise de literaturas científicas que nos remetam ao objeto de pesquisa. Utilizamos como critérios de seleção da literatura, artigos completos, publicados em português, no período de 2017-2022, e os critérios de exclusão os artigos repetidos, publicações com textos indisponíveis, fora da língua vernácula e estudos com mais de 5 anos de publicação, fora do recorte temporal. Analise e discussão dos resultados: Existem diversos fatores de risco que podem aumentar a probabilidade de desenvolver câncer de estômago. Entre eles, a infecção pela bactéria Helicobacter pylori é um dos mais significativos. prevenção desempenha um papel fundamental na redução da incidência do câncer de estômago, e adotar medidas simples pode fazer a diferença. Evitar o tabagismo e o consumo excessivo de álcool são passos essenciais nesse processo, uma vez que esses hábitos estão associados a um maior risco de desenvolver essa doença Conclusão: Em conclusão, o câncer de estômago representa um desafio significativo para a saúde global, mas a prevenção e o tratamento adequado desempenham um papel crucial na redução de sua incidência e no aumento das taxas de sobrevivência

Resistance Profile of Bovine Mastitis Isolates, Presence of the <i>mec</i>A Gene and Identification of <i>ESBL</i> Producing Strains from Small Rural Dairy Properties

Bovine mastitis is an inflammation of the mammary gland in response to invasion by opportunistic agents. Due to the high economic importance of dairy production and the complexity related to animal health, the objective of this work was to identify and evaluate the antibacterial resistance profile of samples of mastitis milk, milking hand and milking equipment from small rural dairy farms belonging to the northwest region of the state of Paraná, Brazil. Five small, non-technical dairy farms in the municipalities of Boa Esperança, Juranda and Tapejara, all belonging to the northwest region of the state of Paraná, Brazil, were selected. The properties had Holstein and/or crossbred herds, carried out a bucket-by-foot milking system and all had the presence of animals with subclinical mastitis confirmed by the California Mastitis Test. Samples of sterile swabs from the milking insufflators, the milking hand and milk samples were collected—and later, isolation tests and phenotypic characterization of the samples, sensitivity tests to antimicrobials and phenotypic tests for the detection of beta-producing strains were performed with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL), molecular identification of Staphylococcus aureus isolates and mecA gene research. Of the 199 samples collected from the 15 selected properties in the municipalities of Boa Esperança, Tapejara and Juranda, 72 (36.20%) were classified as multiresistant. Isolated from milkers’ hands and milking machines, which phenotypically produce extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL), the presence of the mecA gene was also observed in 11 isolates of Staphylococcus spp. of milk samples, machines and milking hands. Mastitis can be spread to the herd through the milking process by the milkers’ instruments and hands, and adequate management measures can prevent its transmission and the conscious use of antibiotics decreases the prevalence of multidrug-resistant pathogens. In this work, different pathogenic bacteria were detected in mastitic milk, milking equipment and milking hand with a high percentage (36.20%) of isolates classified as multidrug resistant. In addition, the presence phenotypically (ESBL) and molecularly (mecA gene) of isolates carrying resistance genes was also verified. These results directly reflect on the health of the animals, the health of the workers and the health of the respective environment, which can enable the continuity of the propagation of the etiological agents involved in the mastitis infection. The awareness of producers and workers on these properties about the disease, transmission, sanitary aspects and adequate management and treatment are essential for improving milk production and production efficiency

Núcleos de Ensino da Unesp: artigos 2008

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Xenarthrans—anteaters, sloths, and armadillos—have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, 10 anteaters, and 6 sloths. Our data set includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the southern United States, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to the austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n = 5,941), and Cyclopes sp. have the fewest (n = 240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n = 11,588), and the fewest data are recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n = 33). With regard to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n = 962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n = 12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other data sets of Neotropical Series that will become available very soon (i.e., Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans data set. Please cite this data paper when using its data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are using these data

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora