Clinical Interventions to Promote Breastfeeding by Latinas: A Meta-analysis

Breastfeeding duration and exclusivity among Latinas fall below recommended levels, indicating a need for targeted interventions. The effectiveness of clinical breastfeeding interventions for Latinas remains unclear

Obesity, diabetes, serum glucose, and risk of primary liver cancer by birth cohort, race/ethnicity, and sex: Multiphasic health checkup study

Obesity and diabetes have been associated with liver cancer. However, recent US-based studies have suggested a lack of association between obesity and liver cancer among blacks and women

Body mass index and risk of head and neck cancer by race: the Carolina Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology Study

Most studies, primarily conducted in populations of European ancestry, reported increased risk of head and neck cancer (HNC) associated with leanness (body mass index (BMI) 30 kg/m2, respectively), compared to normal weight (18.5-<25.0 kg/m2)

The Feasibility of a Behavioral Group Intervention after Weight-loss Surgery: A Randomized Pilot Trial

BACKGROUND: Formal psychosocial support programs after weight-loss surgery are limited in scope and availability. OBJECTIVE: This randomized pilot study evaluated the feasibility of a postoperative behavioral intervention program. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Postoperative weight-loss surgery patients (N = 50) were recruited from February 2017-July 2017 and randomized to a four-month behavioral program or usual care wait-list. Outcomes evaluated in addition to feasibility included health-related quality of life (Short Form -36), psychosocial functioning and adherence. Secondary outcomes included within-group changes for each outcome. RESULTS: Out of eight possible sessions, intervention participants attended a mean of 4.2 sessions. Intervention group participants experienced greater improvements in the social functioning domain of health-related quality of life compared to usual care. Self-reported dietary adherence in the intervention group remained stable, while usual care group dietary adherence declined. Within the intervention group, participants also reported gains in the physical function, pain and general health aspects of quality life from baseline to post-treatment. No differences in weight, mood or other eating behaviors (e.g., loss of control, emotional eating) were evident between groups. CONCLUSION: Though participation in a postoperative behavioral intervention varied, the program helped participants to maintain aspects of quality of life and self-reported adherence to dietary recommendations. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03092479

Association between circulating levels of sex steroid hormones and esophageal adenocarcinoma in the FINBAR Study

Funding: The study was supported by NIH Intramural Research Program, National Cancer Institute; Cancer Focus Northern Ireland (formerly the Ulster Cancer Foundation); the Northern Ireland R&D office; and the Health Research Board, Ireland. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Functional status declines among cancer survivors: Trajectory and contributing factors

This study aimed to quantify functional status (FS) trajectories pre- and post-diagnosis of cancer, FS trajectories among cancer-free individuals, and factors affecting FS

Trajectory of overall health from self-report and factors contributing to health declines among cancer survivors

This study aims to quantify trajectories of overall health pre- and post-diagnosis of cancer, trajectories of overall health among cancer-free individuals, and factors affecting overall health status

Have incidence rates of liver cancer peaked in the United States?

BackgroundLiver cancer incidence has increased for several decades in the United States. Recently, reports have suggested that rates of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the dominant form of liver cancer, had declined in certain groups. However, to the authors' knowledge, the most recent histology-specific liver cancer rates have not been reported to date.MethodsThe authors examined the incidence of HCC and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) from 1992 through 2016 using data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registries. Age-standardized incidence rates were calculated by histology, sex, race and/or ethnicity, and age. Trends were analyzed using the National Cancer Institute's Joinpoint Regression Program to estimate the annual percent change.ResultsBetween 2011 and 2016, HCC rates significantly declined (annual percent change, -1.9%), with more prominent declines noted among males, Asian/Pacific Islanders, and individuals aged &lt;50&nbsp;years. Conversely, ICC rates increased from 2002 through 2016.ConclusionsDeclining HCC rates may persist due to improved treatment of the hepatitis C virus and/or competing causes of mortality among individuals with fatty liver disease