Improving police response to domestic abuse: Findings from Project 360

[First paragraph] How can we improve the effectiveness of services supporting victims of domestic abuse? During a police call‐out for an incident of domestic violence, victims are often provided only with rudimentary information about local services available to them by attending police officers. Given the needs of victims for a diverse range of services – including refuge housing, legal assistance, and health services – finding out which of these are available locally and how to access them is a daunting task. Furthermore, different backgrounds, including ethnicity and sexual orientation, may lead to a demand for services that focus on specific groups, making this exercise even more complex

The impact of improving access to support services for victims of domestic violence on demand for services and victim outcomes

 We conducted a randomised controlled trial of an intervention designed to assist victims of domestic violence in accessing non-police support services. The intervention led to a 22% decrease in the fraction of victims providing a witness statement to police. Witness statements are an important piece of evidence and a key input in the prosecution of perpetrators. Despite this, we do not find a significant change in perpetrator arrest and convictions to in reported future violence. Survey reponses provide evidence of an increase in non-police service use, a reduction in future victimisation risk, but also a potential decrease in short-run well-being. </p

The impact of improving access to support services for victims of domestic violence on demand for services and victim outcomes

 We conducted a randomised controlled trial of an intervention designed to assist victims of domestic violence in accessing non-police support services. The intervention led to a 22% decrease in the fraction of victims providing a witness statement to police. Witness statements are an important piece of evidence and a key input in the prosecution of perpetrators. Despite this, we do not find a significant change in perpetrator arrest and convictions to in reported future violence. Survey reponses provide evidence of an increase in non-police service use, a reduction in future victimisation risk, but also a potential decrease in short-run well-being. </p

Global RECHARGE: Establishing a standard international data set for pulmonary rehabilitation in low- and middle-income countries

Chronic respiratory diseases (CRD) are highly prevalent in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). People living with CRD are often disabled by breathlessness which can result in reduced health-related quality of life, including reduced exercise tolerance, significant psychological morbidity and reduced ability to work. Implementing clinically and cost-effective interventions to tackle these problems can be challenging in low-resource settings. Pulmonary rehabilitation is a low cost, high impact intervention that reverses CRD-related disability and is supported by the highest level of re-search. Pulmonary rehabilitation is delivered by a multidisciplinary team and has exercise training and education at its core to support effective disease management and improve people’s quality of life. There is an unmet need for pulmonary rehabilitation that is profound in LMICs where the demand greatly outweighs the capacity. The sparse existence of pulmonary rehabilitation in LMICs offers an important opportunity to support the expansion of high quality, benchmarked services as it becomes increasingly recognised and available. Quality assurance procedures for pulmonary rehabilitation in the developed world are now in place; helping to ensure a high standard of patient care. In this paper we discuss a common data set that has been developed by the NIHR Global Health Research Group on Respiratory Rehabilitation (Global RECHARGE). Standardising data collection with a pre-determined set of measurements is proposed whereby collaborators will use common data col-lection tools and procedures. Benchmarking and quality improvement with continuous audit offer a potential to maximise benefits, reduce waste and improve patient outcomes. We welcome expressions of interest from health care professionals and researchers from LMICs, including groups looking to strengthen their local research capacity and from those looking to set up pulmonary rehabilitation through to those already running a service. We believe the wide adoption of this core data set will facilitate quality assurance of pulmonary rehabilitation programmes, provide opportunities to expand services over time, de novo research opportunities offered by trans-national data and enhanced research capacity in partner organisations