The Role of Logistics in Practical Levelized Cost of Energy Reduction Implementation and Government Sponsored Cost Reduction Studies: Day and Night in Offshore Wind Operations and Maintenance Logistics

This paper reveals that logistics make up at least 17% of annual operational expenditure costs for offshore wind farms. Annual operational expenditure is found to vary by a factor of 9.5, making its share of levelized cost of energy for offshore wind range from 13% to 57%. These are key findings of a 20-month research project targeting cost reduction initiatives for offshore wind systems. The findings reveal that cost-out measures are difficult to implement due to cultural differences. Implementation efforts are rendered by personnel located offshore in a harsh sea environment which is in stark contrast to the shore-based office personnel who develop studies directing cost reduction efforts. This paper details the company motivation to join industry-wide cost reduction initiatives. A business case for offshore wind operations and maintenance logistics yielding 1% savings in levelized cost of energy is included on how to expand working hours from daytime to also work at night

Hvad hæmmer hhv. fremmer skolepædagogers samarbejde om stærke faglige fællesskaber for lavt præsterende drenge i indskolingen?

Denne rapport præsenterer over de følgende sider en undersøgelse af skolepædagogers samarbejde om stærke faglige fællesskaber for lavt præsterende drenge i indskolingen. Undersøgelsen er gennemført af Danmarks institut for Pædagogik og Uddannelse (DPU) og University College Nordjylland (UCN). Undersøgelsen afrapporteres hermed. Den er struktureret således, at vi begynder med den teoretiske og vidensmæssige kontekst, efterfulgt af to gennemgående perspektiver (drengeproblem og professionsmøde), der skitseres i kort form. På baggrund heraf gives et ligeledes kort indblik i beskrivelse og dokumentation af skolepædagogers indsats i de deltagende skoler. Derefter følger et afsnit om dataindsamlingen. Rapportens egentlige substans fremlægges under overskriften hæmmere og fremmere, og eksempler på hæmmende hhv. fremmende faktorer vises. Afrundende fremstiller vi en række anbefalinger, som yderligere støttes af tidligere rapporter (se afsnit 8). Dog vil vi allerede løfte en flig af sløret: pædagogernes kerneopgave er at arbejde med elevernes sociale relationer og kompetencer gerne under inddragelse af alternative former at lære på og desuden arbejde med elevernes parathed til at lære. I et afsluttende perspektiv koncentreret om kompetencer peger rapporten både ind i skolepædagogernes daglige virksomhed og ud i pædagoguddannelsen.    Forskningsprojektet havde til formål at undersøge skolepædagogers professionelle bidrag til at øge lavt præsterende drenges deltagelse, læring og udvikling i indskolingen. Projektet bygger på udviklingseksperimenter, hvor skolepædagoger fokuserer målrettet på at udvikle stærke faglige fællesskaber for lavt præsterende drenge. Projektet fokuserer på to opgavefelter: (1) skolepædagogernes forberedelse sammen med læreren og (2) skolepædagogernes bidrag til et forbedret forældresamarbejde i forhold til lavt præsterende drenge. Stærke faglige fællesskaber for lavt præsterende drenge fordrer en helhedsorienteret indsats, hvor hovedtesen er, at pædagogprofessionen kan bidrage til at løse den udfordring, skolerne står med i forhold til den udsatte gruppe af lavt præsterende drenge. Stærke faglige fællesskaber bygger for det første på læring som oplevelse af social tryghed, hvorved frygten for at fejle ikke skader læringslysten. For det andet på positive tilbagemeldinger fra de sociale omgivelser med henblik på at balancere indholdet mellem elevernes kognitive, sociale og emotionelle kompetencer. En sådan fremgangsmåde kræver, at læringsindholdet præsenteres via multiple repræsentationer. Rapporten er først og fremmest målrettet praktikere, hvilket har præget rapportens formidlingsstil. De praksisnære eksempler er tænkt som værende anvendelige i skolepædagogers arbejde

Investigating two possible schemes of Laser Ablation – Cavity Ring Down Spectrometry for water isotope measurements on ice cores

Thinning of the deep ice core layers must be considered when the water isotopic composition of the Oldest Ice Core is to be analyzed. From an experimental point of view, a novel instrument combining a micro-destructive cold femtosecond - Laser Ablation (LA) sampling system, that provides high spatial resolution together with minimal usage of ice sample, and a Cavity Ring Down Spectrometer is being built for high-quality water isotope measurements. Laser ablation results in crater formation and its morphology depends on the laser parameters used. Optical images that show crater morphology under different experimental conditions allow crater characterization towards an efficient cold LA sampling. An ablation chamber and a transfer line are both the connecting parts between the LA system and the CRDS instrument. They are to be designed and constructed in the optimal size and shape to collect the ablated mass and guarantee its smooth delivery to the CRDS analyzer with minimum disturbance. Coupling a Laser Ablation system with a CRDS analyzer has already been achieved using a laser operating at the nanosecond regime and a cryo-cell as the ablation chamber. Comparison of the two Laser Ablation systems, by the means of ice sampling and collection of the ablated material, will be of great importance to understand the ablation mechanism and post-ablation processes on ice and further develop a system dedicated to water isotope measurements

Interferometric Single-Shot Parity Measurement in an InAs-Al Hybrid Device

The fusion of non-Abelian anyons or topological defects is a fundamental operation in measurement-only topological quantum computation. In topological superconductors, this operation amounts to a determination of the shared fermion parity of Majorana zero modes. As a step towards this, we implement a single-shot interferometric measurement of fermion parity in indium arsenide-aluminum heterostructures with a gate-defined nanowire. The interferometer is formed by tunnel-coupling the proximitized nanowire to quantum dots. The nanowire causes a state-dependent shift of these quantum dots' quantum capacitance of up to 1 fF. Our quantum capacitance measurements show flux h/2e-periodic bimodality with a signal-to-noise ratio of 1 in 3.7 $\mu$s at optimal flux values. From the time traces of the quantum capacitance measurements, we extract a dwell time in the two associated states that is longer than 1 ms at in-plane magnetic fields of approximately 2 T. These results are consistent with a measurement of the fermion parity encoded in a pair of Majorana zero modes that are separated by approximately 3 $\mu$m and subjected to a low rate of poisoning by non-equilibrium quasiparticles. The large capacitance shift and long poisoning time enable a parity measurement error probability of 1%.Comment: Added data on a second measurement of device A and a measurement of device B, expanded discussion of a trivial scenario. Refs added, author list update