Acute effects of ingesting Java Fit™ energy extreme functional coffee on resting energy expenditure and hemodynamic responses in male and female coffee drinkers

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a functional coffee beverage containing additional caffeine, green tea extracts, niacin and garcinia cambogia to regular coffee to determine the effects on resting energy expenditure (REE) and hemodynamic variables.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Subjects included five male (26 ± 2.1 y, 97.16 ± 10.05 kg, 183.89 ± 6.60 cm) and five female (28.8 ± 5.3 y, 142.2 ± 12.6 lbs) regular coffee drinkers. Subjects fasted for 10 hours and were assessed for 1 hour prior (PRE) and 3 hours following 1.5 cups of coffee ingestion [JavaFit™ Energy Extreme (JF) ~400 mg total caffeine; Folgers (F) ~200 mg total caffeine] in a double-blind, crossover design. REE, resting heart rate (RHR), and systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure was assessed at PRE and 1, 2, and 3-hours post coffee ingestion. Data were analyzed by three-factor repeated measures ANOVA (p < 0.05).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>JF trial resulted in a significant main effect for REE (p < 0.01), SBP (p < 0.01), RER (p < 0.01), and VO₂(p < 0.01) compared to F, with no difference between trials on the RHR and DBP variables. A significant interaction for trial and time point (p < 0.05) was observed for the variable REE. The JF trial resulted in a significant overall mean increase in REE of 14.4% (males = 12.1%, females = 17.9%) over the observation period (p < 0.05), while the F trial produced an overall decrease in REE of 5.7%. SBP was significantly higher in the JF trial; however, there was no significant increase from PRE to 3-hours post.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Results from this study suggest that JavaFit™ Energy Extreme coffee is more effective than Folgers regular caffeinated coffee at increasing REE in regular coffee drinkers for up to 3 hours following ingestion without any adverse hemodynamic effects.</p

Obesity: Prevalence, Theories, Medical Consequences, Management, and Research Directions

Obesity and its associated disorders are a growing epidemic across the world. Many genetic, physiological, and behavioral factors play a role in the etiology of obesity. Diet and exercise are known to play a valuable role in the treatment and prevention of obesity and associated disorders such as hypertension, heart disease, and diabetes. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to examine the prevalence, etiology, consequences, and treatment of obesity

Gender Differences in Carbohydrate Metabolism and Carbohydrate Loading

Prior to endurance competition, many endurance athletes participate in a carbohydrate loading regimen in order to help delay the onset of fatigue. The "classic" regimen generally includes an intense glycogen depleting training period of approximately two days followed by a glycogen loading period for 3–4 days, ingesting approximately 60–70% of total energy intake as carbohydrates, while the newer method does not consist of an intense glycogen depletion protocol. However, recent evidence has indicated that glycogen loading does not occur in the same manner for males and females, thus affecting performance. The scope of this literature review will include a brief description of the role of estradiol in relation to metabolism and gender differences seen in carbohydrate metabolism and loading

Changes in weight loss, body composition and cardiovascular disease risk after altering macronutrient distributions during a regular exercise program in obese women

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>This study's purpose investigated the impact of different macronutrient distributions and varying caloric intakes along with regular exercise for metabolic and physiological changes related to weight loss.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>One hundred forty-one sedentary, obese women (38.7 ± 8.0 yrs, 163.3 ± 6.9 cm, 93.2 ± 16.5 kg, 35.0 ± 6.2 kg•m^-2, 44.8 ± 4.2% fat) were randomized to either no diet + no exercise control group (CON) a no diet + exercise control (ND), or one of four diet + exercise groups (high-energy diet [HED], very low carbohydrate, high protein diet [VLCHP], low carbohydrate, moderate protein diet [LCMP] and high carbohydrate, low protein [HCLP]) in addition to beginning a 3x•week^-1supervised resistance training program. After 0, 1, 10 and 14 weeks, all participants completed testing sessions which included anthropometric, body composition, energy expenditure, fasting blood samples, aerobic and muscular fitness assessments. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA with an alpha of 0.05 with LSD post-hoc analysis when appropriate.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>All dieting groups exhibited adequate compliance to their prescribed diet regimen as energy and macronutrient amounts and distributions were close to prescribed amounts. Those groups that followed a diet and exercise program reported significantly greater anthropometric (waist circumference and body mass) and body composition via DXA (fat mass and % fat) changes. Caloric restriction initially reduced energy expenditure, but successfully returned to baseline values after 10 weeks of dieting and exercising. Significant fitness improvements (aerobic capacity and maximal strength) occurred in all exercising groups. No significant changes occurred in lipid panel constituents, but serum insulin and HOMA-IR values decreased in the VLCHP group. Significant reductions in serum leptin occurred in all caloric restriction + exercise groups after 14 weeks, which were unchanged in other non-diet/non-exercise groups.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Overall and over the entire test period, all diet groups which restricted their caloric intake and exercised experienced similar responses to each other. Regular exercise and modest caloric restriction successfully promoted anthropometric and body composition improvements along with various markers of muscular fitness. Significant increases in relative energy expenditure and reductions in circulating leptin were found in response to all exercise and diet groups. Macronutrient distribution may impact circulating levels of insulin and overall ability to improve strength levels in obese women who follow regular exercise.</p

Effects of 28 days of protein and amino acid supplementation and ankle immobilization on gastrocnemius muscle mass and strength and atrophy- and apoptosis-related gene expression in males.

Includes bibliographical references (p. 130-144).Purpose: The primary purpose was to determine the extent to which the daily supplementation of protein and amino acids for 28-days in combination with ankle immobilization in humans attenuated decreases in: 1) gastrocnemius muscle mass, 2) plantar flexion strength, 3) and expression of genes associated with the ubiquitin proteolytic pathway (UPS) and calcium-activated proteolytic system (CAS). A secondary purpose was to assess the safety of 28-days of protein and amino acid ingestion by evaluating whole blood and serum clinical chemistry markers. Methods: Twenty male participants wore a lower-limb immobilization boot for 28 days, consumed either a protein and amino acid supplement or an isocaloric carbohydrate placebo twice daily, and underwent testing at days 0, 14, and 28. Each testing session included hemodynamic measurements, blood collection, body composition analysis, lower leg girth and skinfold measurement, strength measurement, dietary analysis, and gastrocnemius muscle biopsies. The muscle tissue was analyzed for mRNA expression of ubiquitin, 20S-HC2, 20S-HC3, E2, E3, atrogin-1, MuRF1, calpain 1, calpain 2, myostatin, TNF-α, and NF-κB. Results: Lower-leg girth decreased over time (p = 0.020), and increased the expression of several genetic variables, but there were no significant changes in the body composition or strength variables (p > 0.05). All UPS, CAS, cytokine, and myostatin degenerative markers showed a significant increase over time (p 0.016). Conclusion: The study showed no difference between groups for any of the genetic proeolytic markers, but indicated that several of these markers were increased in the immobilized and control legs. These changes may indicate a link between the UPS and TNF-α and NF-κB. Additionally, the results also indicated that myosatin may play a role in muscle astrophy induced by immobilization, instead of only disease and fasting.by Jennifer Wismann.Ph.D

Acute effects of ingesting Java Fit™ energy extreme functional coffee on resting energy expenditure and hemodynamic responses in male and female coffee drinkers-4

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Acute effects of ingesting Java Fit™ energy extreme functional coffee on resting energy expenditure and hemodynamic responses in male and female coffee drinkers"</p><p>http://www.jissn.com/content/4/1/10</p><p>Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2007;4():10-10.</p><p>Published online 5 Oct 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC2098780.</p><p></p> effect for gender (p < 0.01)

Acute effects of ingesting Java Fit™ energy extreme functional coffee on resting energy expenditure and hemodynamic responses in male and female coffee drinkers-8

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Acute effects of ingesting Java Fit™ energy extreme functional coffee on resting energy expenditure and hemodynamic responses in male and female coffee drinkers"</p><p>http://www.jissn.com/content/4/1/10</p><p>Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2007;4():10-10.</p><p>Published online 5 Oct 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC2098780.</p><p></p>t for trial (p < 0.05). † = a significant main effect for gender (p < 0.01)

Acute effects of ingesting Java Fit™ energy extreme functional coffee on resting energy expenditure and hemodynamic responses in male and female coffee drinkers-1

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Acute effects of ingesting Java Fit™ energy extreme functional coffee on resting energy expenditure and hemodynamic responses in male and female coffee drinkers"</p><p>http://www.jissn.com/content/4/1/10</p><p>Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2007;4():10-10.</p><p>Published online 5 Oct 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC2098780.</p><p></p>for trial (p < 0.05). † = a significant main effect for gender (p < 0.01)

Acute effects of ingesting Java Fit™ energy extreme functional coffee on resting energy expenditure and hemodynamic responses in male and female coffee drinkers-0

<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Acute effects of ingesting Java Fit™ energy extreme functional coffee on resting energy expenditure and hemodynamic responses in male and female coffee drinkers"</p><p>http://www.jissn.com/content/4/1/10</p><p>Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2007;4():10-10.</p><p>Published online 5 Oct 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC2098780.</p><p></p>gnificant main effect for trial (p < 0.05). † = a significant main effect for gender (p < 0.01). ‡ = a significant interaction for trial and time point (p < 0.05)