Effected Cancer Region and Psychiatric Disorders in Smoking Cessation

https://openworks.mdanderson.org/sumexp23/1003/thumbnail.jp

Using Novel Carbon Monoxide Devices in Remote Smoking Cessation Treatment: A Utilization and Reliability Analysis

https://openworks.mdanderson.org/sumexp22/1119/thumbnail.jp

The Role of Depression on the Ability to Achieve Smoking Abstinence​

We investigated how depression affects smoking abstinence among cancer patients who participated in MD Anderson Cancer Center\u27s Tobacco Research and Treatment Program (TRTP), assessing outcomes three months post-enrollment. We also compared the likelihood of abstaining from smoking while accounting for nicotine dependence measured by the Fagerström Test for Cigarette Dependence (FTCD). The findings aimed to guide clinical practices in optimizing treatment of tobacco use disorder (TUD) to improve abstinence rates. Integrating comprehensive treatments for depression alongside standard TUD treatment holds promise for improving overall abstinence outcomes.https://openworks.mdanderson.org/stronger24/1005/thumbnail.jp

Impact of Alcohol Use Disorder on Ability to Quit Smoking: A Cohort Study

The study aims to investigate the relationship between alcohol use disorder (DSM-IV alcohol abuse) and ability to quit smoking at the end of treatment among adult cancer patients, who enrolled in MD Anderson Cancer Center’s Tobacco Research and Treatment Program (TRTP). The findings could lead to more effective and integrated treatment strategies and encourage clinicians to include combined pharmacological and behavioral interventions to treat dual substance use.https://openworks.mdanderson.org/stronger24/1004/thumbnail.jp

The effects of varenicline, bupropion, nicotine patch, and placebo on smoking cessation among smokers with major depression: A randomized clinical trial.

IMPORTANCE: Improving treatment outcomes for smokers with major depressive disorder (MDD) can have significant public health implications. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of smoking cessation pharmacotherapy among smokers with MDD. DESIGN: Secondary analysis of a randomized, double-blind, active- (nicotine patch) and placebo-controlled trial of 12 weeks of either varenicline or bupropion with a 12-week follow-up. PARTICIPANTS: Community volunteers 18-75 years of age; smoke 10+ cigarettes/day; with clinically stable MDD (N = 2635) or no psychiatric disorder (N = 4028), from 140 sites in 16 countries. INTERVENTION: Twelve weeks of pharmacotherapy (placebo [PLA], nicotine replacement therapy [NRT], bupropion [BUP], varenicline [VAR]) plus brief cessation counseling. MEASURE(S): Primary safety outcome: the occurrence of ≥1 treatment-emergent, moderate to severe neuropsychiatric adverse event (NPSAE). Primary efficacy outcome: biochemically confirmed continuous abstinence (CA) during the final 4 weeks of treatment (Weeks 9-12). RESULTS: A total of 6653 participants (56% female; 39% MDD) ~47 years old. Risk of NPSAEs did not differ by medication for MDD. MDD had higher risk (p < .0001) for NPSAEs than the NPC. Efficacy (6653; intent-to-treat): CA rates for MDD versus NPC respectively were 31.2% versus 38.0% VAR; 23.0% versus 26.1% BUP; 22.6% versus 26.4% NRT; and 13.4% versus 13.7% PLA but no differential treatment effect was noted within the cohorts. All active treatments differed from PLA but VAR showed the largest effect. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that for MDD smokers, inclusive of those with recurrent episode, varenicline plus counseling may be the best pharmacological option for the treatment of smoking given its greater efficacy effect size and similar risk of NPSAEs. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01456936. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01456936

Dysphoria and smoking among treatment seeking smokers: the role of smoking-related inflexibility/avoidance

BACKGROUND: Emerging data suggest that dysphoria is one facet of depression that is especially related to various aspects of cigarette smoking. However, it is presently unknown what emotional processes may account for these relations. OBJECTIVES: In the current cross-sectional study, the impact of avoidance and inflexibility to smoking (AIS), a smoking-specific form of experiential avoidance, was tested on the relationship of dysphoria to four specific smoking processes that are key factors in cessation: perceived barriers to cessation, severity of problems during prior quit attempts, negative reinforcement smoking expectancies, and motivation to quit smoking. METHODS: Participants (n = 465) were treatment-seeking adult daily smokers. Relative indirect effects were subjected to bootstrap analyses to test direct and indirect effects of dysphoria on smoking processes. RESULTS: After controlling for gender, nicotine dependence severity, drinking problems, cannabis use, negative affectivity, tobacco-related medical problems, and AIS, dysphoria remained directly, positively related to perceived barriers and cessation problems. Additionally, dysphoria was indirectly, positively related to perceived barriers, cessation problems, negative reinforcement smoking expectancies, and motivation to quit indirectly through higher levels of AIS. CONCLUSION: In the context of dysphoria, AIS may explain a wide range of clinically-relevant smoking processes