Percent of golden retriever dogs dying of cancer and age of death over time.

<p>(A) Scatter plot with fitted regression line and 95% CI showing percent of golden retriever dogs undergoing necropsy exam that died from cancer by year. The results show a significant (P = 0.38, R² = 0.16) but weak increase in the proportion of dogs with a cancer diagnosis over time. (B) Scatter plot with fitted regression line and 95% CI showing age of golden retriever dogs presenting for necropsy over time. The results show a significant but week increase in age over time (P = 0.01, R2 = 0.009).</p

Association of cancer-related mortality, age and gonadectomy in golden retriever dogs at a veterinary academic center (1989-2016)

<div><p>Golden retriever dogs have been reported to have an increased prevalence of cancer compared to other breeds. There is also controversy over the effect spay or neuter status might have on longevity and the risk for developing cancer. The electronic medical records system at an academic center was searched for all dogs who had a necropsy exam from 1989–2016. 9,677 canine necropsy examinations were completed of which 655 were golden retrievers. Age was known for 652 with a median age of death 9.15 years. 424 of the 652 (65.0%) were determined to have died because of cancer. The median age for dying of a cause other than cancer was 6.93 years while those dying of cancer had a median age of 9.83 years (p<0.0001). There was no significant difference in the proportion of intact males and castrated males dying of cancer (p = 0.43) but a greater proportion of spayed females died of cancer compared to intact females (p = 0.001). Intact female dogs had shorter life spans than spayed female dogs (p<0.0001), but there were no differences between intact and castrated males. Intriguingly, being spayed or neutered did not affect the risk of a cancer related death but increasing age did. The most common histologic diagnosis found in golden retrievers dying of cancer was hemangiosarcoma (22.64%) followed by lymphoid neoplasia (18.40%). Overall golden retriever dogs have a substantial risk of cancer related mortality in a referral population and age appears to have a larger effect on cancer related mortality than reproductive status.</p></div

Histologic types of cancer diagnosed by sex.

<p>Bar graph showing frequency of tumor type leading to death in golden retriever dogs categorized by sex and spay or neuter status. M = intact male, MC = castrated male, F = Intact female, FS = spayed female.</p

Golden retriever dogs seen and undergoing necropsy.

<p>Scatter plot showing in green circles the total number of golden retrievers per year undergoing necropsy exam and in red squares the total number of golden retrievers seen in the hospital per year. The solid line represents the percentage of golden retrievers undergoing necropsy divided by the total golden retriever animals seen that year.</p

Age by tumor histology and comparison of sex groupings.

<p>Age by tumor histology and comparison of sex groupings.</p

Age distribution of golden retriever dogs.

<p>(A) Histogram of age for all golden retriever dogs undergoing a necropsy exam with a median age of 9.15 years. (B) Histogram of ages of all golden retriever dogs undergoing a necropsy exam categorized by having a death attributable to cancer or not with a median age of death for those dogs dying of non-cancerous cause of 6.87 years and a median age of death of 9.83 years for those dogs with a cancer attributable death.</p

Age of golden retrievers broken out by sex and cause of death.

<p>Box and whisker plot showing median age, interquartile range, adjacent values and outliers of golden retriever dogs who underwent a necropsy exam and an attributable or non-attributable death from cancer categorized by sex and spay or neuter status. P values are shown for differences between cancer and non-cancer attributed deaths within each sex category and for differences between sex category within the cancer and non-cancer attributed death groups. NCAD = non-cancer attributable death, CAD = Cancer attributable death.</p

Pharmacokinetics and tissue biodistribution of iniparib and selected metabolites in the tumor-bearing dog.

<p>Pharmacokinetics and tissue biodistribution of iniparib and selected metabolites in the tumor-bearing dog.</p

Iniparib Dose Escalation cohorts in tumor bearing dogs.

<p>Iniparib Dose Escalation cohorts in tumor bearing dogs.</p

Schedule of patient evaluations and study procedures.

<p>Schedule of patient evaluations and study procedures.</p