Skeletal Manifestations of Hydatid Disease in Serbia: Demographic Distribution, Site Involvement, Radiological Findings, and Complications

Although Serbia is recognized as an endemic country for echinococcosis, no information about precise incidence in humans has been available. The aim of this study was to investigate the skeletal manifestations of hydatid disease in Serbia. This retrospective study was conducted by reviewing the medical database of Institute for Pathology (Faculty of Medicine in Belgrade), a reference institution for bone pathology in Serbia. We reported a total of 41 patients with bone cystic echinococcosis (CE) during the study period. The mean age of 41 patients was 40.9 +/- 18.8 years. In 39% of patients, the fracture line was the only visible radiological sign, followed by cyst and tumefaction. The spine was the most commonly involved skeletal site (55.8%), followed by the femur (18.6%), pelvis (13.9%), humerus (7.0%), rib (2.3%), and tibia (2.3%). Pain was the symptom in 41.5% of patients, while some patients demonstrated complications such as paraplegia (22.0%), pathologic fracture (48.8%), and scoliosis (9.8%). The pathological fracture most frequently affected the spine (75.0%) followed by the femur (20.0%) and tibia (5.0%). However, 19.5% of patients didn't develop any complication or symptom. In this study, we showed that bone CE is not uncommon in Serbian population. As reported in the literature, therapy of bone CE is controversial and its results are poor. In order to improve the therapy outcome, early diagnosis, before symptoms and complications occur, can be contributive

An aggressive chondroblastoma of the knee treated with resection arthrodesis and limb lengthening using the Ilizarov technique

This case report describes the management of a 15 year old male with a biologically aggressive chondroblastoma of the knee. Following CT, bone scan, angiography and an open biopsy, the diagnosis was confirmed histologically and immunohistochemically. The patient underwent a 13 cm en-bloc excision of the knee, and knee arthrodesis with simultaneous bone transport using an Ilizarov ring fixator. Following 136 days of bone transport, the patient achieved radiological and clinical bony union after a total frame time of 372 days. He then commenced 50% partial weight-bear in a protective knee brace and gradually worked up to full weight-bearing by 4 months. The patient developed superficial pin tract infections around the k-wires on 2 occasions; these settled with a cephalosporin antibiotic spray and local dressings. At 13 years follow-up there are no signs of disease recurrence or failure at the fusion site. The patient is able to fully weight bear and stand independently on the operated leg. Knee arthrodesis with simultaneous limb-lengthening is an effective treatment modality following en-bloc resection of an aggressive chondroblastoma. The case is discussed with reference to the literature

Significance of Beta-Catenin Expression for the Incidence of Pathological Fractures in Giant Cell Tumors of Bone

Aim of the study is to determine the possible roles of p53, cyclin D1, B-catenin and Ki-67 in the increase in risk of fractures in patients with giant cell tumor of bone. The study included a total of 164 patients with giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB), 21 (12.8%) with and 143 (87.2%) without fracture. The samples were analyzed immunohistochemically for expression of Ki-67, p53, cyclin D1 and beta-catenin. According to the immunohistochemical expression of p53 and Ki-67 in mononuclear stromal cells, as well as of cyclin D1 in multinuclear giant cells, there was no significant association with immunopositivity and risk of fractures. However, our research revealed that patients with cytoplasmic expression of beta-catenin in stromal cells had three times more frequent occurrence of pathological fractures, which was highly statistically significant (chi(2) = 7.065; p = 0.008). Moreover, a highly statistically significant correlation between the nuclear expression of beta-catenin in giant cells and the incidence of pathological fractures was also found (chi(2) = 8.824; p = 0.003). The study showed that beta-catenin expression highly correlates with the incidence of pathological fractures in patients with GCTB. Taking into account that beta-catenin is closely linked to activation of the Wnt signaling pathway in GCTB pathogenesis, one could postulate that activation of the Wnt pathway is one of the contributing factors to locally destructive behavior of this tumor, as well as to the incidence of pathological fractures

Histološka analiza zapaljenskih reakcija u periradikularnom tkivu i formiranja kalcifikovanog tkiva posle implantacije eksperimentalnih nanostrukturnih cemenata na bazi kalcijum silikata i hidroksiapatita u kanale korena zuba kunića

The aim of the study was to evaluate inflammatory tissue reactions and the formation of calcified tissue after implantation of experimental nanostructured calcium silicate cement (CS) and hydroxyapatite with calcium silicate cement (HA-CS) into root canals of rabbits' teeth. The study was conducted on four rabbits of the genus Oryctolagus cuniculus. After instrumentation and irrigation, the root canals of the central incisors were dried and filled with CS, HA-CS and control material (MTA Angelus). The animals were sacrificed after 28 days. After histological preparation and hematoxylin-eosin staining, tissue samples were evaluated for the intensity and extension of inflammatory tissue reaction; continuity, morphology and thickness of the newly formed calcified tissue; and presence of giant cells, materials particles and microorganisms. Kruskal Wallis and Dunn's post hoc test were used for data analysis (α=0.05). There were no significant differences in the intensity of inflammatory reactions between CS, HA-CS and MTA control. HA-CS showed significantly better results than MTA and CS with respect to continuity of the newly formed calcified tissue (P=0.003 and P=0.010, respectively). Significant differences in thickness of the calcified tissue existed between CS and MTA (P=0.004) and between HA-CS and MTA (P=0.012). Application of CS and HA-CS resulted in minimal inflammatory tissue response, similar to the MTA control. CS and HA-CS were more efficient than MTA in supporting hard tissue formation. The best organized newly formed calcified tissue was seen after HA-CS application.Cilj rada je bio da se ispitaju Kanali korena centralnih sekutića su posle instrumentacije, ispiranja i sušenja napunjeni materijalima CS, HA-CS i kontrolnim materijalom, mineral trioksid agregatom (MTA). Životinje su žrtvovane posle 28 dana. Posle histološke pripreme, uzorci tkiva su analizirani u pogledu inteziteta i raširenosti zapaljenske reakcije; kontinuiteta, morfologije i debljine novoformiranog kalcifi kovanog tkiva; prisustva džinovskih ćelija, čestica materijala i mikroorganizama. Dobijeni rezultati su statistički obrađeni (α = 0,05) Nisu uočene statistički značajne razlike u intezitetu zapaljenske reakcije između CS, HA-CS i MTA. U pogledu kontinuiteta novostvorenog kalcifi kovanog tkiva HA-CS je pokazao bolje rezultate u odnosu na MTA i CS (p=0,003 i p=0,010). Značajne razlike utvrđene su u pogledu debljine kalcifi kovanog tkiva između CS i MTA (p=0,004), kao i HA-CS i MTA (p=0,012). Aplikacija materijala CS i HA-CS je rezultirala minimalnom zapaljenskom reakcijom tkiva, slično kontrolnom materijalu (MTA). CS i HA-CS su bili efi kasniji u pogledu stimulacije formiranja kalcifi kovanog tkiva u odnosu na MTA. Najbolje organizovano novoformirano tkivo uočeno je posle aplikacije materijala HA-CS. zapaljenske reakcije u periradikularnom tkivu i formiranje kalcifi kovanog tkiva posle implantacije eksperimentalnih, nanostrukturnih cemenata na bazi kalcijum silikata (CS) i mešavine hidroksiapatita i kalcijum silikata (HA-CS) u kanale korena zuba kunić

Histološka analiza zapaljenskih reakcija u periradikularnom tkivu i formiranja kalcifikovanog tkiva posle implantacije eksperimentalnih nanostrukturnih cemenata na bazi kalcijum silikata i hidroksiapatita u kanale korena zuba kunića

The aim of the study was to evaluate inflammatory tissue reactions and the formation of calcified tissue after implantation of experimental nanostructured calcium silicate cement (CS) and hydroxyapatite with calcium silicate cement (HA-CS) into root canals of rabbits' teeth. The study was conducted on four rabbits of the genus Oryctolagus cuniculus. After instrumentation and irrigation, the root canals of the central incisors were dried and filled with CS, HA-CS and control material (MTA Angelus). The animals were sacrificed after 28 days. After histological preparation and hematoxylin-eosin staining, tissue samples were evaluated for the intensity and extension of inflammatory tissue reaction; continuity, morphology and thickness of the newly formed calcified tissue; and presence of giant cells, materials particles and microorganisms. Kruskal Wallis and Dunn's post hoc test were used for data analysis (α=0.05). There were no significant differences in the intensity of inflammatory reactions between CS, HA-CS and MTA control. HA-CS showed significantly better results than MTA and CS with respect to continuity of the newly formed calcified tissue (P=0.003 and P=0.010, respectively). Significant differences in thickness of the calcified tissue existed between CS and MTA (P=0.004) and between HA-CS and MTA (P=0.012). Application of CS and HA-CS resulted in minimal inflammatory tissue response, similar to the MTA control. CS and HA-CS were more efficient than MTA in supporting hard tissue formation. The best organized newly formed calcified tissue was seen after HA-CS application.Cilj rada je bio da se ispitaju Kanali korena centralnih sekutića su posle instrumentacije, ispiranja i sušenja napunjeni materijalima CS, HA-CS i kontrolnim materijalom, mineral trioksid agregatom (MTA). Životinje su žrtvovane posle 28 dana. Posle histološke pripreme, uzorci tkiva su analizirani u pogledu inteziteta i raširenosti zapaljenske reakcije; kontinuiteta, morfologije i debljine novoformiranog kalcifi kovanog tkiva; prisustva džinovskih ćelija, čestica materijala i mikroorganizama. Dobijeni rezultati su statistički obrađeni (α = 0,05) Nisu uočene statistički značajne razlike u intezitetu zapaljenske reakcije između CS, HA-CS i MTA. U pogledu kontinuiteta novostvorenog kalcifi kovanog tkiva HA-CS je pokazao bolje rezultate u odnosu na MTA i CS (p=0,003 i p=0,010). Značajne razlike utvrđene su u pogledu debljine kalcifi kovanog tkiva između CS i MTA (p=0,004), kao i HA-CS i MTA (p=0,012). Aplikacija materijala CS i HA-CS je rezultirala minimalnom zapaljenskom reakcijom tkiva, slično kontrolnom materijalu (MTA). CS i HA-CS su bili efi kasniji u pogledu stimulacije formiranja kalcifi kovanog tkiva u odnosu na MTA. Najbolje organizovano novoformirano tkivo uočeno je posle aplikacije materijala HA-CS. zapaljenske reakcije u periradikularnom tkivu i formiranje kalcifi kovanog tkiva posle implantacije eksperimentalnih, nanostrukturnih cemenata na bazi kalcijum silikata (CS) i mešavine hidroksiapatita i kalcijum silikata (HA-CS) u kanale korena zuba kunića

In Vivo Investigation of ALBO-OS Scaffold Based on Hydroxyapatite and PLGA

A synthetic bone substitute based on calcium hydroxyapatite (CHA) and poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA), described in this paper, was synthesized to fulfill specific requirements like biodegradability, satisfying mechanical properties, optimal porosity and nanotopology, osteoinductive and osteoconductive properties, and so forth. Structural and morphological properties of the new scaffold were analyzed by micro computed tomography and scanning electron microscopy, while its physicochemical properties were investigated by X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy. In vivo biological investigations of the synthesized scaffold were conducted over the cutaneous irritation and biofunctionality assays on rabbits and the test of acute systemic toxicity on mice. The results showed that the scaffold is not irritant and that it does not exhibit any symptoms of acute toxicity. Biofunctionality assays which include evaluation of the presence of various cells of immune response, the presence of neoangiogenesis, percentage of mineralization of newly formed bone, and fibroplasia in the tissue indicated that the new scaffold is suitable for the application in maxillofacial and dental surgery as a bone substitute. Also, it showed significant advantages over commercial product Geistlich Bio-Oss(R) from the aspect of some parameters of immunological response

Osteoid osteoma of the foot : Presentation, treatment and outcome of a multicentre cohort

Funding Information: The current study did not receive any funding. Publisher Copyright: © 2021, The Author(s).Background: Osteoid osteomas of the foot are rare, with a varying and atypical clinical as well as radiological presentation impeding early diagnosis and treatment. The aim of the present multicentre study was to 1) analyze epidemiological, clinical and radiological findings of patients with foot osteoid osteomas and to 2) deduce a diagnostic algorithm based on the findings. Methods: A total of 37 patients (25 males, 67.6%, mean age 23.9 years, range 8–57 years) with osteoid osteomas of the foot were retrospectively included, treated between 2000 and 2014 at 6 participating tertiary tumor centres. Radiographic images were analyzed, as were patients’ minor and major complaints, pain relief and recurrence. Results: Most osteoid osteomas were located in the midfoot (n = 16) and hindfoot (n = 14). Painful lesions were present in all but one patient (97.3%). Symptom duration was similar for hindfoot and midfoot/forefoot (p = 0.331). Cortical lesions required fewer x‑rays for diagnosis than lesions at other sites (p = 0.026). A typical nidus could be detected in only 23/37 of x‑rays (62.2%), compared to 25/29 CT scans (86.2%) and 11/22 MRIs (50%). Aspirin test was positive in 18/20 patients (90%), 31 patients (83.8%) underwent open surgery. Pain relief was achieved in 34/36 patients (outcome unknown in one), whilst pain persisted in two patients with later confirmed recurrence. Conclusions: As previously reported, CT scans seem to be superior to MRIs towards detection of the typical nidus in foot osteoid osteomas. In patients with unclear pain of the foot and inconclusive x‑rays, osteoid osteoma should be considered as differential diagnosis.publishersversionPeer reviewe

Supplementary data for the article: Đurašević, S.; Stojković, M.; Sopta, J.; Pavlović, S.; Borković-Mitić, S.; Ivanović, A.; Jasnić, N.; Tosti, T.; Đurović, S.; Đorđević, J.; Todorović, Z. The Effects of Meldonium on the Acute Ischemia/Reperfusion Liver Injury in Rats. Sci Rep 2021, 11 (1), 1305. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-80011-y.

Supplementary material for: [https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-80011-y]Related to published version: [https://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4458