The effectiveness of Chance UK's mentoring programme in improving behavioural and emotional outcomes in primary school children with behavioural difficulties: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial

BACKGROUND: There is a need to build the evidence base of early interventions to promote children's health and development in the UK. Chance UK is a voluntary sector organisation based in London that delivers a 12-month mentoring programme for primary school children identified by teachers and parents as having behavioural and emotional difficulties. The aim of the study is to determine the effectiveness of the programme in terms of children's behaviour and emotional well-being; this is the primary outcome of the trial. METHODS/DESIGN: A randomised controlled trial will be conducted in which participants are randomly allocated on a dynamic basis to one of two possible arms: the intervention arm (n = 123) will be offered the mentoring programme, and the control arm (n = 123) will be offered services as usual. Outcome data will be collected at three points: pre-intervention (baseline), mid-way through the mentoring year (c.9 months after randomisation) and post- mentoring programme (c.16 months after randomisation). DISCUSSION: This study will further enhance the evidence for early intervention mentoring programmes for child behaviour and emotional well-being in the UK. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN47154925 . Retrospectively registered 9 September 2014

Consumption Style Among Young Adults Toward Their Shopping Behavior (An Empirical Study in Pakistan)

The purpose of this study was to substantiate the consumption styles of adolescents as customer. The study was executed in Karachi, Pakistan by applying consumption style inventory scale. The data covered of 1,048 respondents who are young and educated mostly students, which belong to the different universities in Karachi. The data was collected through structured and self administered questionnaire. To test objective Independent sample t test was used. The results show that young females are more shopping influenced, fashion conscious, recreational, and confused over-choice as compare to males whereas males are more reliance on media, perfectionist, brand conscious, and impulsive as compare to females for their consumption style toward shopping behavior. This research provides understanding about adolescents’ decision making style of consumers in Karachi which would enable organizations to make more appropriate strategies to cater youth consumers market