Identification of miRNA differentially expressed in macrophages exposed to Porphyromonas gingivalis infection

We analyzed bacterial modulation of miRNAs in bone-marrow- derived macrophages (BMMs) induced by infection with either wild type Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) or mutant Pg (∆FimA), through a microarray analysis. TNF-α and IL-10 concentrations in Pg infected BMMs transfected with selected miRNAs were also assessed. The inhibition of mmu-miR-2137 increased the secretion of anti-inflammatory IL-10, while mmu-miR-155-5p decreased TNF-α. In vivo: injecting these miRNAs with Pg in mice reduced the size of the lesion significantly

A targeted next-generation sequencing assay for the molecular diagnosis of genetic disorders with orodental involvement.

BACKGROUND: Orodental diseases include several clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorders that can present in isolation or as part of a genetic syndrome. Due to the vast number of genes implicated in these disorders, establishing a molecular diagnosis can be challenging. We aimed to develop a targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) assay to diagnose mutations and potentially identify novel genes mutated in this group of disorders. METHODS: We designed an NGS gene panel that targets 585 known and candidate genes in orodental disease. We screened a cohort of 101 unrelated patients without a molecular diagnosis referred to the Reference Centre for Oro-Dental Manifestations of Rare Diseases, Strasbourg, France, for a variety of orodental disorders including isolated and syndromic amelogenesis imperfecta (AI), isolated and syndromic selective tooth agenesis (STHAG), isolated and syndromic dentinogenesis imperfecta, isolated dentin dysplasia, otodental dysplasia and primary failure of tooth eruption. RESULTS: We discovered 21 novel pathogenic variants and identified the causative mutation in 39 unrelated patients in known genes (overall diagnostic rate: 39%). Among the largest subcohorts of patients with isolated AI (50 unrelated patients) and isolated STHAG (21 unrelated patients), we had a definitive diagnosis in 14 (27%) and 15 cases (71%), respectively. Surprisingly, COL17A1 mutations accounted for the majority of autosomal-dominant AI cases. CONCLUSIONS: We have developed a novel targeted NGS assay for the efficient molecular diagnosis of a wide variety of orodental diseases. Furthermore, our panel will contribute to better understanding the contribution of these genes to orodental disease. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBERS: NCT01746121 and NCT02397824.journal articleresearch support, non-u.s. gov't2016 Feb2015 10 26importe

Influence de l'âge sur l'efficacité des traitements parodontaux (étude clinique comparée chez les patients âgés de plus ou moins de 55 ans)

STRASBOURG-Medecine (674822101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Msx1 et son influence sur la croissance cranio-faciale

Le développement de la sphère cranio-faciale implique de nombreux gènes qui interviennent de façon complexe et interdépendante. Parmi ces gènes, l'homéogène Msx1 est un facteur de transcription, qui est exprimé, des stades précoces du développement jusqu'à l'âge adulte selon des schémas spatio-temporels spécifiques. Son invalidation, chez des souris transgéniques qui présentent alors diverses anomalies cranio-faciales, a mis en évidence son impact fonctionnel, tout comme l'identification de certaines mutations chez l'humain dont la caractéristique commune est l'agénésie dentaire

Influence of Depression and Anxiety on Non-Surgical Periodontal Treatment Outcomes: A 6-Month Prospective Study

International audiencePeriodontal treatment could be worsened by risk factors. Depression and anxiety have been suggested as potentially influencing periodontal treatment outcomes. The aim of this study was to determine their association with non-surgical periodontal treatment outcomes in patients with generalized severe periodontitis (stage III/IV generalized periodontitis) at 6 months. A total of 68 patients diagnosed with generalized severe periodontitis were treated with scaling and root planing (SRP) and were followed at 3 and 6 months. The data of the 54 patients that followed the entire protocol were considered for analysis. Depression and anxiety levels were determined at baseline by the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and State-Trait Inventory (STAI) questionnaires. The association between psychological scores and periodontal parameters was evaluated by multivariate analysis. At 3 and 6 months, SRP induced an improvement for all periodontal parameters (plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BOP), periodontal probing depth (PPD) and clinical attachment loss (CAL)). BDI and STAI scores were associated with the evolution of PI, BOP, mean PPD and number of sites with PPD > 3 mm and with CAL > 3 mm. Depression and anxiety should be considered as risk factors for SRP and the identification of at-risk patients should be performed using well-established tools

Exposure of Porphyromonas gingivalis to cortisol increases bacterial growth

WOS: 000328432300004PubMed ID: 24200466Objective: Psychological stress is considered as a risk factor for periodontal diseases. The stress-related hormone, cortisol is one of the main molecules released during human stress response and is found in plasma and gingival crevicular fluid. This hormone has been suggested to modify composition of subgingival biofilms. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of exposure to cortisol on Porphyrornonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) growth. Materials and methods: P. gingivalis ATCC strain 33277 was cultured under strict anaerobic conditions at 37 degrees C in Brain Heart Infusion medium supplemented with hemin (5 mu g ml(-1)) and menadione (1 mu g ml(-1)). Bacterial cultures were incubated with or without hydrocortisone (0.04-10 mu g ml(-1)) at 37 degrees C for 12, 24 and 48 h and bacterial growth was evaluated by spectrophotometric method (OD600 nm). Cortisol consumption has been followed by HPLC. Results: Cortisol significantly increased P. gingivalis growth in the first 24 h peaking at 12 h but this increase was not related to the concentration used. During the time period, no consumption of cortisol was observed. Conclusions: This study provides further support for the idea that stress-induced hormone; cortisol may influence the growth of P. gingivalis. This specific effect may be involved in the relationship between stress and periodontal diseases. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Knowledge and Management of Halitosis in France and Lebanon: A Questionnaire-Based Study

Halitosis is a growing issue and its management is highly challenging. The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge and treatment strategies used by French (FD) and Lebanese (LD) dentists. A self-administered structured questionnaire was sent to FD and LD comprising questions about professional characteristics, management, and treatment of halitosis, patients' referral, and halitosis-related knowledge. A multivariate analysis was conducted to determine differences between FD and LD and to identify parameters that could influence dentists' management of halitosis. The questionnaire was filled out by 156 FD and 257 LD. Among them, 78.8% of FD and 68.9% of LD were confronted with halitosis management, while only a few routinely asked their patients about halitosis (16% FD, 13.2% LD). Regarding anamnesis, oral hygiene habits were more investigated by FD than LD (p < 0.05). The overall treatment satisfaction was low with 39.7% of FD and 28.4% of LD considering their treatment effective. Regarding halitosis-related knowledge, extra-oral causes were overestimated in both populations. FD (83.4%) and LD (65.8%) considered their education regarding halitosis as insufficient. This study highlights the need of professional education in both countries, targeting proper diagnosis and treatment strategies of halitosis

Active Nanofibrous Membrane Effects on Gingival Cell Inflammatory Response

Alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) is involved in normal skin wound healing and also has anti-inflammatory properties. The association of α-MSH to polyelectrolyte layers with various supports has been shown to improve these anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of nanofibrous membrane functionalized with α-MSH linked to polyelectrolyte layers on gingival cell inflammatory response. Human oral epithelial cells (EC) and fibroblasts (FB) were cultured on plastic or electrospun Poly-#-caprolactone (PCL) membranes with α-MSH covalently coupled to Poly-L-glutamic acid (PGA-α-MSH), for 6 to 24 h. Cells were incubated with or without Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (Pg-LPS). Cell proliferation and migration were determined using AlamarBlue test and scratch assay. Expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) was evaluated using RT-qPCR method. Cell cultures on plastic showed that PGA-α-MSH reduced EC and FB migration and decreased IL-6 and TGF-β expression in Pg-LPS stimulated EC. PGA-α-MSH functionalized PCL membranes reduced proliferation of Pg-LPS stimulated EC and FB. A significant decrease of IL-6, TNF-α, and TGF-β expression was also observed in Pg-LPS stimulated EC and FB. This study showed that the functionalization of nanofibrous PCL membranes efficiently amplified the anti-inflammatory effect of PGA-α-MSH on gingival cells