Grand Valley State College, 1970

Yearbook for the class of 1970, published by Grand Valley State College.https://scholarworks.gvsu.edu/yearbooks/1003/thumbnail.jp

GVSC\u27s 1969 Yearbook

Yearbook for the class of 1969, published by Grand Valley State College.https://scholarworks.gvsu.edu/yearbooks/1002/thumbnail.jp

Lanthorn, vol. 2, no. 10, April 7, 1970

Lanthorn is Grand Valley State\u27s student newspaper, published from 1968 to the present

Using expert knowledge and modeling to define mangrove composition, functioning, and threats and estimate time frame for recovery

Mangroves are threatened worldwide, and their loss or degradation could impact functioning of the ecosystem. Our aim was to investigate three aspects of mangroves at a global scale: (1) their constituents (2) their indispensable ecological functions, and (3) the maintenance of their constituents and functions in degraded mangroves. We focused on answering two questions: “What is a mangrove ecosystem” and “How vulnerable are mangrove ecosystems to different impacts”? We invited 106 mangrove experts globally to participate in a survey based on the Delphi technique and provide inputs on the three aspects. The outputs from the Delphi technique for the third aspect, i.e. maintenance of constituents and functions were incorporated in a modeling approach to simulate the time frame for recovery. Presented here for the first time are the consensus definition of the mangrove ecosystem and the list of mangrove plant species. In this study, experts considered even monospecific (tree) stands to be a mangrove ecosystem as long as there was adequate tidal exchange, propagule dispersal, and faunal interactions. We provide a ranking of the important ecological functions, faunal groups, and impacts on mangroves. Degradation due to development was identified as having the largest impact on mangroves globally in terms of spatial scale, intensity, and time needed for restoration. The results indicate that mangroves are ecologically unique even though they may be species poor (from the vegetation perspective). The consensus list of mangrove species and the ranking of the mangrove ecological functions could be a useful tool for restoration and management of mangroves. While there is ample literature on the destruction of mangroves due to aquaculture in the past decade, this study clearly shows that more attention must go to avoiding and mitigating mangrove loss due to coastal development (such as building of roads, ports, or harbors).Arcadia Mandat d'Impulsion Scientifique. Grant Number: 1765914 National Science Foundation (FNRS) CREC. Grant Number: 247514 Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (FWO) Mangrove Ecology, Functioning and Managemen

Insight into motor adaptation to pain from between-leg compensation

Purpose: Although it appears obvious that we change movement behaviors to unload the painful region, non-systematic motor adaptations observed in simple experimental tasks with pain question this theory. We investigated the effect of unilateral pain on performance of a bilateral plantarflexion task. This experimental task clearly allowed for stress on painful tissue to be reduced by modification of load sharing between legs. Methods: Fourteen participants performed a bilateral plantarflexion at 10, 30, 50 and 70\ua0% of their MVC during 5 conditions (Baseline, Saline-1, Washout-1, Saline-2, Washout-2). For Saline-1 and -2, either isotonic saline (Iso) or hypertonic saline (Pain) was injected into the left soleus. Results: The force produced by the painful leg was less during Pain than Baseline (range -52.6\ua0% at 10\ua0% of MVC to -20.1\ua0% at 70\ua0% of MVC; P\ua

Sandspur, Vol. 45 No. 08, November 22, 1939

Rollins College student newspaper, written by the students and published at Rollins College. The Sandspur started as a literary journal.https://stars.library.ucf.edu/cfm-sandspur/1565/thumbnail.jp

Saint Louis IX and Holy Roman Emperor Frederick III

Throughout the Middle Ages the French and the Germans have vied with each other in their attempts to integrate the figure of Charlemagne into their perceptions of national identity. Both legacies envisioned Charles the Great as a prototypical Christian ruler, crusader, pilgrim, and promoter of the arts of civilization. But for the French, as exemplified by St. Louis IX (1226–70), Charlemagne remained primarily a role model for their monarchs, including the Valois, and a hero of the chansons de geste. For the Germans, as personified by the Habsburg emperor Frederick III (1440–93), Charlemagne embodied the Roman Empire and the German nation. He was a saint with historical roots going back to the Trojans. Far more than the French, the late medieval Germans emphasized the imperial traditions as they were represented in the memory of Karl der Grosse

The Independent and Montgomery Transcript, V. 85, Thursday, August 6, 1959, [Number: 10]

[8] p. Accept and Defend the Truth. Newspaper published in Collegeville, Pa. Weekly. Contains local, county, state and national news, editorials, letters, classified and local business advertisements.https://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/independent_montgomery/1303/thumbnail.jp