Isolation, Characterization and Screening of Microbial Melanin for its role in Protection of Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria

Plants are susceptible to vulnerable impacts caused by presence of heavy metals, viruses, bacteria, fungi, insects and pests. Along with diseases, availability of nutrients, water, temperature and the role of protecting the role plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) is also a matter of concern. PGPB may promote plant growth directly usually by either facilitating resource acquisition or modulating plant hormone levels, or indirectly by decreasing the inhibitory effects of various heavy metals on plant growth and development. Although a significant increase in the use of PGPB in agriculture was observed in the last two decades, there is a dearth of long-term studies addressing the effects of PGPB on existing microbial community structure. Melanin is a negative charge hydrophobic complex pigment that is a substance made of small particles virtually insoluble in the environment and is usually used for its color, protective or other characteristics. Melanin, its ability to chelate metals by which the toxicity of metals can be reduced. In this direction, soil and vegetable waste samples were collected and enriched. A total of fourteen isolates were obtained and these isolates were screened for melanin production. Black brownish colonies were melanin positive colonies. These isolates were subjected to production of melanin. Melanin was extracted and subjected to FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy). On the basis of FTIR results, melanin was confirmed and then tested for its metal chelating ability followed by its application as protectant for plant growth promotion. Significant growth was observed when compared with control proves its vital role in plant growth promotion   &nbsp

Risk Quantification and Evaluation Modelling

In this paper authors have discussed risk quantification methods and evaluation of risks and decision parameter to be used for deciding on ranking of the critical items, for prioritization of condition monitoring based risk and reliability centered maintenance (CBRRCM). As time passes any equipment or any product degrades into lower effectiveness and the rate of failure or malfunctioning increases, thereby lowering the reliability. Thus with the passage of time or a number of active tests or periods of work, the reliability of the product or the system, may fall down to a low value known as a threshold value, below which the reliability should not be allowed to dip. Hence, it is necessary to fix up the normal basis for determining the appropriate points in the product life cycle where predictive preventive maintenance may be applied in the programme so that the reliability (the probability of successful functioning) can be enhanced, preferably to its original value, by reducing the failure rate and increasing the mean time between failure. It is very important for defence application where reliability is a prime work. An attempt is made to develop mathematical model for risk assessment and ranking them. Based on likeliness coefficient β1 and risk coefficient β2 ranking of the sub-systems can be modelled and used for CBRRCM.Defence Science Journal, Vol. 64, No. 4, July 2014, pp. 378-384, DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.64.6366

A Review: Embedded System for Dynamic Location based Advertisement using Google Maps API

Today, a vast amount of revenue is generated using Advertisement-Basedsystems. Our goal is to maximize the efficiency of these advertisement systems.This can be achieved by making the ad-system vary according to the current location of the vehicle. This ensures we capture the attention of the target audience ina much better way by providing them the advertisements related to their currentlocation. This provides a much better personal experience to the audience. Sucha system can be created using a Embedded Microcontroller or SOC such as the “Orange Pi” to keep the production cost to a minimum with the essential modules such as GSM/GPRS/GPS module and Display Support. The location services can be handle using the Google Maps API

Comparative effect of mixture of ginger and honey with dextromethorphan in dry cough in children

Background: Cough is protective reflex caused by obstruction or irritation of airway. Many medication available for the treatment of dry cough. But it causes sedation and drowsiness in children. Considering the adverse effects produce by the medication, we consider this study as the ginger and honey is used in Indian family, and in Ayurveda ginger and honey is used for treatment of dry and productive cough.Methods: We include the patients who attended the pediatric OPD complaining dry cough. We design the questionnaire and for the measuring the severity of dry cough. We divide the patient into four groups received standard treatment and ginger and honey mixture. We compared the end result with standard treatment statistically by using unpaired student “t” test was used along with two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test.Results: We include 100 patient in this study. We got amazing result of this study ginger and honey required less time for recovery and also sedation and drowsiness not occurred in the ginger and honey group as compared to dextromethorphan (p value ˂0.005).Conclusions: After seeing above encouraging result, and along with advantage of natural product with no adverse we can advise the honey and ginger therapy for treatment of dry cough

Policies and User Perception based Data Security in the Cloud

In today’s world, most of the companies migrated from desktop devices to the cloud. Cloud is a platform for storing large amount of data. Among this it is very necessary to provide data security over the un-trusted cloud. We cannot trust the cloud provider when sensitive data is stored in the cloud so that, various security aspects are required to protect sensitive data which is stored on the cloud. The main problem is that, how to deal with such security issues to protect sensitive data. With the help of policy based security, it is possible to minimize data security issues and to improve data privacy. This paper proposes a user perception framework. According to this framework, owner of the organization is able to tell which user of that organization will follow which rights. A particular user should provide his/her privileges to the owner and he will protect user’s data by giving full rights to access data based on the identification of the users

Baryogenesis in f(R,Lm)f(R,L_m) gravity

This paper aims to recreate the gravitational baryogenesis epoch in the framework of the $f(R,L_m)$ theory of gravity, where $R$ and $L_m$ are the curvature scalar and the matter Langragian, respectively. In particular, we examine the model, $f(R,L_m) = \frac{R}{2} + L_m ^{\alpha} + \zeta$, under the supposition that the universe is saturated with dark energy and perfect fluid, with a non-zero baryon to entropy ratio during a radiation dominance era. We confine the model with the gravitational baryogenesis scenario, emphasizing the appropriate values of model parameters compatible with the baryon-to-entropy ratio observation data. Our study found that $f(R,L_m)$ gravity can considerably and steadily make a contribution to the phenomenon of gravitational baryogenesis.Comment: Physics of the Dark Universe published versio

To study the comparative effects of nebivolol and metoprolol on lipid profile in patients of essential hypertension

Background: Hypertension and certain alteration in serum lipoproteins are complementary coronary risk factors. The effect of antihypertensive agents on lipid metabolism exhibits a wide range. Numerous studies have established that vasodilating beta-blockers are associated with more favorable effects on glucose and lipid profiles than non-vasodilating beta-blockers. The study was conducted to study the comparative effects of nebivolol and metoprolol on lipid profile in patients of essential hypertension.Methods: A prospective, randomized open label single center study was conducted in the Department of Pharmacology in collaboration with Department of Medicine, MGM’s Medical College and Hospital, Aurangabad in newly diagnosed patients of essential hypertension. Sixty patients of either sex in the age group of 30-65 years with blood pressure (BP) of ≥140/90 mmHg with deranged lipid parameters according to National Cholesterol Education Program were randomized into two groups. Group I received metoprolol (50 mg) and Group II received nebivolol (5 mg), both given once daily for 12 weeks. BP and lipid parameters were evaluated at baseline as well as at the end of 12 weeks.Results: There was significant reduction in BP values (p<0.0001) as compared to baseline in both the groups, however no significant difference was observed between two drugs revealing that their efficacy in reducing systolic BP/diastolic BP is comparable. Furthermore, both the drugs had a favorable effect on lipid profile, but more significant results on lipid profile were observed in the nebivolol group as compared to metoprolol group (p<0.0001).Conclusions: In our comparison study, it is seen that the favorable effect of nebivolol on serum lipids and its good tolerability profile make it a good choice for control of hypertension as well as preventing the long-term cardiovascular morbidities and mortalities

Magnesium sulphate is it necessary to prevent eclampsia?

Background: Preeclampsia was reported to account for 15 % of all antenatal hospitalization for pregnancy complications. It causes maternal as well as fetal death by developing eclampsia Since the turn of the century, obstetrician have to decrease the incidence of eclampsia i.e hypertension complicated with seizures in pregnant women by treating them magnesium sulfate in preeclampsia. In our study we tried to find out Magnesium sulphate really helpful in prevention of eclampsia or not.Methods: This prospective study was carried out by the department of Pharmacology with the help from department of obstetrics and gynecology, in rural hospital and medical college i.e Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical sciences Sewagram, Wardha, Maharashtra, India during January 2007 to January 2008. A total of 100 subjects registered in inpatient department were included in this study. Patients were divided in to two group one group receiving nifedipine (calcium channel blockers) and other group receive combination of nifedipine and magnesium sulfate. We compared the delivery outcome of both the group.Results: Patients receiving nifedipine had good pregnancy outcome with less side effects than the patients receiving combination of nifedipine and magnesium sulphate.Conclusions: Magnesium sulphate is not necessary drug for prophylaxis of eclampsia

Effect of honey and ginger mixture on productive cough in pediatrics patients

Background: Cough is common problem in pediatric age. Most of the parents use over the counter drugs along with cough syrups. Most of the cough syrup causes drowsiness and sedation as an adverse effect. So considering this we use ginger and honey mixture for treatment of productive cough to see its effectiveness. In Ayurveda, it is used since ancient time and in Indian it is used for home remedy for treatment of cough.Methods: We selected patient attended pediatric outpatient department (OPD) complaining of productive cough. We selected 90 patients and divided in to three groups 30 patient in each group. Group I we gave antibiotics, antihistaminic with syrup ascoril (ambroxol 30 mg/5 ml and levosalbutamol 1 mg/5 ml and guaifenesin 50 mg/5 ml). Group II antibiotics, antihistaminic with honey and ginger mixture. In group III we gave antibiotic with antihistaminic along with both honey and ginger mixture with syrup ascoril. After this complete follow up to 10 days on mobile performed. We observed for occurrence of any deterioration of condition with occurrence adverse effect and how many days were required for improvement of patient condition.Results: We got very promising results were we saw improvement in symptom in 6 day with honey and ginger group as compared to cough syrup group were p value is significant and highly significant (<0.005 and 0.001 respectively) with minimal acceptable adverse effect.Conclusions: So from our study we can conclude the honey and ginger mixture is promising treatment of productive cough with less side effects

Evaluation of anti-asthmatic and anti-cholinergic activity of ethanolic extract of Tectina grandis Linn. bark

Background: Asthma is a chronic disease that affects approximately 300 million people worldwide. Tectona grandis Linn. bark, also known as Teak (English), is traditionally used to treat asthma. However, the scientific data on anti-asthmatic and anti-cholinergic of this plant has got little attention. An attempt has been based on ethanolic extract of bark of Tectona grandis Linn. shown a tremendous effect on asthma when comparative study was done with normal and treated group.Methods: The anti-asthmatic activity of a 95% ethanol and 5% distilled water extract of dried and fresh Tectona grandis Linn. bark, was evaluated against histamine and acetylcholine-induced preconvulsive dyspnea (PCD) in guinea pigs fasted for 24 h were exposed to an atomized fine mist of 2% histamine dihydrochloride and acetylcholine aerosol (dissolved in normal saline) using nebulizer at a pressure of 300 mmHg in the histamine chamber (24×14×24 cm, made of perplex glass. They were divided in groups Mepyramin (8 mg/kg) intraperitonially, atropine aerosol and Tectona grandis bark formulation (2.5, 5, 10 gm/kg) were administered orally 30 min prior to exposure. Animals, which did not develop typical asthma within 6 minutes, were taken as protected.Results: Ethanolic extract of Tectona grandis Linn. bark at 5 and 10 gm/kg significantly reduce bronchoconstriction as compared to control group along with significant mast cell stabilization activity.Conclusions: In conclusion, the present study shows that the ethanolic bark extract of Tectona grandis Linn. has potential antiasthamatic and antichlolinergic action in histamine and acetylcholine broncocontraction in guinea pigs