Effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge of selected post-operative self care for primi mothers undergoing elective caesarean section in Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, and Government Hospital for Women and Children, Chennai

INTRODUCTION: In Asia, postpartum care is considered to be a very importance stage of a woman’s life and this belief and practice is passed down through many generations. Experts refer postpartum periods as the first six weeks after childbirth. Primi mothers admitted at IOG expecting normal vaginal delivery but half of them undergoing caesarean section. They have not expected this operative procedure and were unable to perform self care practices during post operative period in regard to perineal care, breast care, newborn care, postnatal exercise, temporary contraceptive methods. So the investigator needs to teach postoperative self care during the antenatal period. So the study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge of selected post-operative self care for primi mothers undergoing elective caesarean section in Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, and Govt. Hospital for Women and Children, Egmore, Chennai-8.” OBJECTIVE: 1. To assess the level of knowledge on post operative self care among primi mothers undergoing elective caesarean section. 2. To identify the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on selected post operative self care among primi mothers undergoing elective caesarean section. 3. To find the association between post test knowledge on post operative self care among primi mothers undergoing elective caesarean section with their selected demographic variables. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A Pre-experimental, one group Pretest, Posttest design was conducted. A total of 60 samples were selected by purposive sampling technique. Data were collected from the primi gravida mothers undergoing elective cesarean section using a semi - structured questionnaire before and after the implementation of the structured teaching program. The data were tabulated and analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. RESULTS: The study result shows, there was a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test level of knowledge regarding post operative self care from 12.58 to 23.47 after the administration of structured teaching programme. Considering overall knowledge score, in pretest primi gravida mothers are having 12.58 score where as in post test they are having 23.47, so the difference were 10.89.The difference between pre - test and post-test score is large and it is statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Hence, the study concluded the structured teaching programme was effective, appropriate and feasible. It helps the primi mother’s to practice self care after caesarean section themselves

Evaluation of existing storage buffer for quality containment of dna extracted from animal cell line

Deoxyribonucleotide acid (DNA) is one of the vital materials for studies in molecular biology. Good preservation of this material in proper storage buffers can maintain the integrity and quality of the DNA. This study focuses mainly on the quality of DNA stored in different storage buffers. The quality of DNA was determined by the degree of degradation in variety of buffers under a different storage condition. Our main objective was to find out whether or not the DNA stored in different storage buffer has different effect on the DNA. The DNA extracted from nasopharyngeal carcinoma (HKI) cell lines was used to facilitate this study. The extracted DNA was subjected to agarose gel electrophoresis (AGE) for qualitative analysis and Ultraviolet (UV) spectrophotometer for quantitative analysis. Three different storage buffers which are Tris-EDT A (TE) buffer, Tris-EDT A-NaCl (TES) buffer and nuclease free water was used under different storage period (ranging from 1 week to 1 month) and different temperatures (from -80°C to room temperature). The study concluded that nuclease free water is the most suitable storage buffer to store DNA at any temperatures for any storage period. It also states that TE buffer is the most unstable buffer that causes variation in DNA purity reading

PHOTOELECTROCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF BRUSH ELECTRODEPOSITED CdSe x Te 1-x THIN FILMS

CdSexTe1-x thin films were brush plated on titanium and conducting glass substrates from the precursors at different substrate temperatures in the range of 30 -80°C. X-ray diffraction studies indicated the films to possess hexagonal structure irrespective of composition. The strain and dislocation density decrease with increase of substrate temperature. The crystallite size increased from 30 -100 nm as the substrate temperature increased. Optical band gap of the films varied in the range of 1.45 -1.72 eV. Photoelectrochemical cells were made with the electrodes of different composition. The photo output was nearly equal to earlier reports

Evaluation of soluble ST2 as a novel cardiovascular biomarker in patients with acute myocardial infarction

Background: Soluble ST-2 has considerable prognostic value and is used as an aid for risk stratification in identifying patients who are at high risk of cardiovascular disease. The main objective of the study was to analyze the level of soluble ST-2 biomarker in patients with acute myocardial infarction and chronic stable angina patients and secondly to evaluate the cardiovascular outcomes after 30 days.Methods: A total of 71 patients were enrolled into the study, patients were divided into two groups of which 50 patients were in test group (AMI patients) and the remaining 21 patients were in the control group (chronic stable angina). Then, 5ml of blood was collected from the patients and plasma soluble ST-2 was estimated from the sample using ELISA technique. Patients were then followed up to 30 days to ascertain the development of major adverse cardiovascular outcomes.Results: The median concentration of soluble ST-2 in test group was found to be 213.46pg/ml and in control group was found to be 124.53 pg/ml. Soluble ST-2 correlated significantly with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) between the two groups (P value=0.01). Measurement of soluble ST-2 early after MI assists in the prediction of adverse cardiovascular events. In this study, soluble ST-2 was found to be higher in patients with acute myocardial infarction and also in patients with poor ejection fraction.Conclusions: Soluble ST-2 is a novel cardiovascular biomarker that is elevated in patients with acute myocardial infarction

The read-across hypothesis and environmental risk assessment of pharmaceuticals

This article is made available through the Brunel Open Access Publishing Fund. Copyright © 2013 American Chemical Society.Pharmaceuticals in the environment have received increased attention over the past decade, as they are ubiquitous in rivers and waterways. Concentrations are in sub-ng to low μg/L, well below acute toxic levels, but there are uncertainties regarding the effects of chronic exposures and there is a need to prioritise which pharmaceuticals may be of concern. The read-across hypothesis stipulates that a drug will have an effect in non-target organisms only if the molecular targets such as receptors and enzymes have been conserved, resulting in a (specific) pharmacological effect only if plasma concentrations are similar to human therapeutic concentrations. If this holds true for different classes of pharmaceuticals, it should be possible to predict the potential environmental impact from information obtained during the drug development process. This paper critically reviews the evidence for read-across, and finds that few studies include plasma concentrations and mode of action based effects. Thus, despite a large number of apparently relevant papers and a general acceptance of the hypothesis, there is an absence of documented evidence. There is a need for large-scale studies to generate robust data for testing the read-across hypothesis and developing predictive models, the only feasible approach to protecting the environment.BBSRC Industrial Partnership Award BB/ I00646X/1 and BBSRC Industrial CASE Partnership Studentship BB/I53257X/1 with AstraZeneca Safety Health and Environment Research Programme

Brush plated CdSe films on high temperature substrates

CdSe is a direct band gap semiconductor belonging to the II–VI group and possessing excellent optoelectronic properties. Thin film transistors and image intensifier tubes have been fabricated with this material. It is also a very stable photo anode in wet photovoltaic cells. Several physical and chemical techniques are available for the growth of thin films of CdSe [1–5]. Though results on brush plated CdSe films have been reported earlier [6], the films were deposited on room temperature substrates. To our knowledge, this is the first report on CdSe films grown by the brush plating technique on substrates maintained at higher temperatures

Photoelectrochemical cells based on CdSe films brush plated on high-temperature substrates

CdSe thin films were brush plated on substrates maintained at temperatures in the range 30–90 1C from the precursors. The films exhibited hexagonal crystal structure. Optical band gap of 1.65 eV was obtained. XPS measurements indicated the formation of CdSe. Capacitance–voltage measurements indicated the films to exhibit n-type behaviour. A carrier density of 1017 cm-3 was obtained. Photoelectrochemical cells have exhibited higher efficiency compared to earlier reports on brush-plated films. Spectral response measurements indicated a peak quantum efficiency of 75% at 1.65 eV

The Structural Relationship Between ‘Like Clicks’ And Purchase Intention on Facebook Advertisements Among Millennial

The purpose of this study is to investigate the causes that influence the inclusion of ‘Like Clicks’ of Facebook advertisements and examine the relationship between ‘Like clicks’ with intention to buy a product among millennials. The study adopted quantitative method and collected data through survey questions from 250 millennials to understand the factors that influences of adding ‘Like Clicks’ on Facebook advertisements and its relationship with the intention to buy the product on Facebook advertisements. The current study helps the entrepreneurs, to design the Facebook advertisements to attract more ‘Like Clicks’, to increase the value of advertisements and escalate the buyers’ intention to buy the product. Results indicated that product information such as the quality and economic value for money of product were identified as the important elements that significantly influences, the Facebook users to add ‘Like Clicks’ on Facebook advisements. The findings also revealed that, to certain extent, ‘Like Clicks ‘and comments influenced the intention buy the product among the millennials

CASE REPOCASE REPORT ON METHOTREXATE-INDUCED ANGIOEDEMA, PANCYTOPENIA, AND STEVENS-JOHNSON SYNDROMERT ON METHOTREXATE INDUCED ANGIOEDEMA, PANCYTOPENIA AND STEVENS - JOHNSON SYNDROME

ABSTRACTA 52-year-old female patient was presented with the complaints of swelling of lips, difficulty in breathing, difficulty in swallowing of food, itching,and facial puffiness and also showed the history of a skin lesion in the neck, forearm, and genitalia. Medical history of the patient showed that shehad been prescribed with methotrexate for rheumatoid arthritis. Within 10 days of treatment, the patient developed above mentioned signs andsymptoms. Further upon patient's systemic and physical examinations were done and then a diagnosis of pancytopenia, angioedema, and StevensJohnsonsyndromeweremade. AccordingtoNaranjoadversedrugreactioncausality assessmentscale,the association ofangioedema,pancytopenia,andStevens-Johnsonsyndromedue tomethotrexatewasprobable.Methotrexatewaswithdrawnfromthe patient,and the patient wastreatedwithmethotrexateantagonist Leucovorinfor3dayswith afrequencyof thrice dailyand injection Avil(Pheniraminemaleate)with afrequencyof twicedailywhichresolvedthe complications of the patient.Keywords: Methotrexate, Angioedema, Pancytopenia, Stevens-Johnson syndrome