Sahitya Akademi Award Winning ‘Gopalla Gramam’ - An Information Repository

The purpose of this article is to explore the disappearing uniqueness in Rajanarayana's Sahitya Academy Award-winning novel Gopalla Gramam. It is said to be a novel. But there is no complete storytelling in this novel that is unique to a novel. So no specific characters were found. There is no continuous sequel in the storytelling process. However, it has acquired the unique status that a novel deserves. A lot of people exist in this. A lot of incidents do happen. The novel is considered to be a wonderful work that contains a lot of information and traces of time. The characters in this novel have every kind of relevance. The novel also explores the lifestyles and customs of different types of people, both socially and individually. It has also recorded social issues. Many colloquialisms that have been in circulation at that time are recorded. On the whole, the purpose of this article is to explore the availability of Ki Ra’s ‘Gopalla Gramam’ as an information repository

An Analysis of Service Rendered by Srivilliputhur Primary Agriculture Co-Operative Society

Srivilliputhur Primary Agriculture Co-operative Society (SPACS) was established in the year 1966 by A.Sundarajan, the founder of SPACS. The Society was registered on 29th October 1966. Then it makes its commencement on 31st October 1966.At present Mrs.Z.TajNoor is the special officer in the society and R.S.Govidan is the secretary of the society.   It is located near N.G.O.colony, opposite to Lions Matriculation Secondary school in Srivilliputhur. The deposit branch office located at North Car Street, Srivilliputhur. The main object of the society is to provide the financial assistance to farmers, since the society is located near cultivable lands. It is easy for the agriculturists to approach the society for obtaining various types of agricultural loans. 18 villages and more than 2100 agricultural family members are being benefited under SPAC society. SPAC society is providing finance for 29 acres cultivable land. At the beginning of the year 2011-2012 at 6127 members getting loan from the society and then 1132 members were benefited under SPACS during the end of the year. At the present 12 members are working in the SPAC society. Sugarcane, paddy, banana, coconut, chilly, groundnut and cotton is the major crops cultivated in the area under SPAC society

Electrochemical behaviour of prussian blue deposits in presence of some non-aqueous background solutions

'J;he redox surface film of Prussian Blue (PR) is studied for its electrochemical properties in contact with I non-aqueous solutions in acetonitrile (ACN), dimethyl formamide (DMF) and dimethyl sulphoxide i (DMSO). The Cyclic VoItammetric (CV) results are quite interesting as they tend to be irreversible in contrast to the behaviour in aqueous medium. Surface coverage from CV data showed an increase in the order of H20> ACN > DMF > DMSO. A similar trend is reflected in the facile intercalationldeintercalation proceSSl::S of hydrated and solvated potassium ion computed from double potentia) step chronoamperometric studies. Diffusion coefficients and heterogeneous electron transfer rate constants are elucidated by processing I-t transients

BETAINE SUPPLEMENTATION FOR VARIOUS CLINICAL DISORDERS

  Betaine is distributed widely in animals, plants, and microorganisms and rich dietary sources include seafood, especially marine invertebrates. Betaine is N-trimethylated amino acid called as glycine betaine. It is a by-product. Betaine aldehyde is produced when choline dehydrogenase acts on choline, then betaine aldehyde is oxidized to form betaine by aldehyde dehydrogenase. Metabolic derived betaines possess various functions in our body in which they act as methyl donor which helps in liver function, detoxication, and cellular functions. It plays an important role in fat metabolism. Recent research found that betaine can convert homocysteine to cysteine thus they prevent heart disease. Choline is oxidized to betaine in liver and kidney. Intracellular betaine serves as an osmolyte that regulates cell volume and tissue integrity. Betaine not only plays as an osmolyte but also play a major role in the protection of the liver and other tissues. Consequently, it has been proposed that betaine has significant nutrient for prevention of chronic disease. Betaine has been shown to protect internal organs, improve vascular risk factors, and enhance performance. Databases of betaine content in food are being developed for correlation with population health studies. This review focuses on the aspects of wide research field with emphasis on a recent data relevant to various human diseases

Evaluation of antidepressant activity of tramadol in albino mice using forced swim model

Background: The fact that tramadol can be used as an antidepressant, has been already proved by some animal studies. The objective of the present study was to evaluate antidepressant activity of tramadol in albino mice using forced swim model.Methods: Forced swimming test (FST) model was used to evaluate the antidepressant effect. Mice in the group "I" were given normal saline. Mice in the group II were given imipramine. Mice in the group III were given tramadol 10mg/kg. Mice in the group IV were given tramadol 20mg/kg. Mice in the group V were given tramadol 40mg/kg. All doses in all groups were given by intra peritoneum route.Results: The average values of immobility in group I were higher significantly compared to group III, IV and V. The values of group I and group II were found to be comparable. It was found that the baseline mean value was 196.33 which reduced to 5.16 with the effect of imipramine where imipramine was given to those mice. But in tramadol 10mg group, it was highest, and it came down to 40.66 and as the dose of tramadol was increased, the immobility time reduced from 40.66 at 10mg dose to 31.33 at 20mg dose and finally to 13.33mg at 40mg dose.Conclusions: Considering the results of two different animal models of depression it can be concluded that Tramadol has antidepressant activity at 10mg, 20mg, 40mg which was almost similar to Imipramine

DETERMINATION OF PHYTOCOMPONENTS IN ETHANOL EXTRACT OF BRASSICA OLERACEA - USING GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY–MASS SPECTROSCOPY TECHNIQUE

Objectives: Bioactive components determined by plants are known to have a broad application in the medical field. The focus of this study is to recognize the phytochemicals in the ethanol extract of Brassica oleracea by gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy (GC–MS). Methods: B. oleracea was collected, dried, and powdered well. The extraction was done with the solvent ethanol. The extract was exposed to column of GC-MS-QP 2010 (SHIMADZU) column Db 30.0 (0.25 μm in diameter, 0.25 μm thick). Results: GC–MS result provides the chromatogram with different peaks obtained at a different retention time shows the presence of various biocompounds. Some of the identified bioactive compounds are n-hexadecanoic acid (12.99%), phytol (2.40%), Vitamin E (3.38%), tetratetracontane (2.15%), stigmasterol (2.03%), and isophytol. Conclusion: The GC–MS study of the ethanol extract of B. oleracea reveals the existence of many potential compounds that can be utilized in the pharmaceutical industry, including the use of anti-inflammatory, antiarthritic, anticoronary, and antidiabetic agents

Primary ovarian leiomyoma: a diagnostic dilemma

Among all benign primary ovarian smooth muscle tumors, ovarian leiomyoma is uncommon accounting for .5-1% of all tumors. most of these are unilateral small in size and generally occur in premenopausal women. this paper presents a case report of primary ovarian leiomyoma i.e. 29 years old women with complaints of abdominal pain. the right ovarian mass was histologically diagnosed as ovarian leiomyoma. unlike other smooth muscle tumors of uterine origin, there are no definite histological criteria to categorize smooth muscle tumor of ovary

Effect of sUV-B on Essential Oil from Aerial and Sub-Aerial Parts of Cymbopogonflexuosus(Nees Ex Steud) Wats.

The effect of supplemental Ulatraviolet-B (sUV-B) radiation on essential oil yield and chemical composition were analysed in Cymbopogonflexuosus (Nees ex Steud) Wats. The exposure to sUV-B radiation for different intervals of time (15min, 30min and 1hr) showed increased percentage of essential oil in aerial parts of the plant. There was no significant variation was observed in essential oil percentage of sub-aerial parts.Theanalysis of essential oils was performed through Gas chromatography (GC) and Gas chromatography - Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS),which indicated high citral (isomer of geranial and nearl) production in aerial part,an important compound in perfumery and pharmaceutical industry. The increase in citral percentage in UV treated plants ranged from 67.83% to 81.80% compared to control which showed 65%. The sub-aerial part of the control plantpossessed higher percentage of citral (30%)and sUV-B treated plants showed either one of the isomers in varying percentages.Neral (14.73%) and Junipene (52.70%) in sub-aerial part of sUV-B treated plants were found in higher percentages

Efavirinz induced gynecomastia: a case report

Gynecomastia is swelling of the breast tissue in men, caused by an imbalance of the hormones, estrogen and testosterone. Drugs commonly implicated are spironolactone, cimetidine, ketoconazole, hGH, estrogens, hCG, anti-androgens, GnRH analogues and 5-α reductase inhibitors. Medications probably associated with gynecomastia include risperidone, verapamil, nifedipine, omeprazole, alkylating agents, HIV medications (efavirenz), anabolic steroids, alcohol and opioids. HIV infected patients who are treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) can develop breast enlargement due to benign and malignant mammary diseases. We report here a case of gynecomastia due to efavirinz

Aggressive angiomyxoma of the vulva: an uncommon entity

AA is a rare locally invasive mesenchymal tumor predominantly presenting in women of reproductive age group, having a moderate to high risk for local relapse. Hence, it needs to be differentiated from another mesenchymal tumor occuring in this region. We present a case of a 50 year old female with a large, polypoidal, spongy mass on the right labia majora