Local Buckling of Stiffened and Unstiffened Elements under Nonuniform Compression

Thin plates subjected to linearly varying inplane compression in one direction may undergo local buckling before failure. An analytical procedure is presented for evaluating the local buckling strength based on which equations for the local buckling stress of unstiffened and stiffened elements are presented

Age and growth of Lactarius lactarius (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) from Karnataka, south-west coast of India

Age and growth of Lactarius lactarius was studied separately for males and females from the Karnataka coast using monthly length composition data collected from three major fish landing centres viz., Mangalore, Malpe and Karwar. The growth of L. lactarius was studied from length frequency data by ELEFAN I programme, and also by modal progression analysis using Gulland and Holt (1959) model after separating the modes using Bhattacharya (1967) method. The growth parameters estimated for males were: Lα = 240 mm, K = 1.01yr-1 and t0 = -0.0151; for females: Lα = 285 mm, K = 0.91 yr-1 and t0 = -0.0183 and for unsexed fishes (juveniles, males and females pooled) were: Lα = 294 mm, K = 0.84 yr-1 and t0 = -0.0215. The recruitment pattern showed two recruitment pulses every year, the major one during March and the minor one during June-August. The von Bertalanffy growth formula fitted to L. lactarius indicated the fish to attain a length of 168 mm at the end of 1 year, 240 mm at the end of 2 years and 271 mm at the end of 3 years of its life. The estimated life span appears to be 3.57 years

Surrogacy: A Commodification That Needs Legislative Attention

Fatwa prohibits surrogacy agreements for the Muslims in Malaysia. The legal stand for non-Muslims is left in silence, whereas surrogacy raises issues concerning women and children that necessitate legal attention. Regulative measures are imminent to regulate issues arising in a surrogate arrangement. Malaysia has yet to report of any surrogacy cases. Thus, this article analyses decided cases from other countries that have gained international attention to synthesize issues arising in surrogacy arrangements. Based on the case study analysis, this article discourses areas that regulation should encroach specifically to safeguard the welfare and safety of women and children.  Keywords: Surrogacy, Conundrum, Welfare, Fatwa. eISSN: 2398-4287© 2020. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bsby e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v5iSI3.256

Large-scale exploitation of sacred chank Xancus pyrum using modified trawl net along Rameswaram Coast, Tamil Nadu

The sacred chank, Xancus pynim is a gregarious, large gastropod and its habitat forms distinct chank bed. Homell as early as 1922 described the chank beds in depths of 10 to 20 metres in the Gulf of Mannar and are considered as the most important ones in the country although there are other chank beds along the Gulf of Kutch and the southwest coast of India

Catches of mechanised boats at Madras in 1971-72

Fish catches by the mechanised vessels operated at Madras were estimated for the years 1971-72. The fishery, species composition and seasonal fluctuation in these tw

Catch trend of the commercial trawl fisheries of Rameswaram

The present report summarises the catch details of some of the commercially important fishes landed by the trawlers operating from Rameswaram during the years 1980 and 1981. The silverbellies, formed the major group, indicating the availability of silverbellies in large quantities throughout the year, followed by Elasmobranchs and Penaeid prawns in the landings. Quarterrwise landings of trawlnets and monthwise landings of prawns and other groups were portrayed

Maturation and spawning of the whitefish, Lactarius lactarius (Bloch and Schneider, 1801) (Family Lactariidae) along the Karnataka coast, India

Maturation and spawning of the whitefish, Lactarius lactarius was studied by collecting samples from Mangalore, Malpe and Karwar landing centres. Monthly Gonado-Somatic Index values of males and females were found to increase from August and reach the highest in February indicating breeding activities. The Kn values showed an increasing trend from October reaching a minor peak in February which coincides with the peak spawning.. Higher percentage of fully mature testes and ovaries occurred during November-April indicating peak spawning activities. Kn values were the lowest in the length group 130-139 mm for both males and females. Length at first maturity was determined as 131 mm for males and 133 mm females. Sex ratio indicates dominance of males up to 155 mm and females were present above 215 mm only. Fecundity varied from 7,042 to 53,275 eggs. Relationship of fecundity to ovary weight, body weight and total length exhibited a linear trend

Dorab fishery of Gulf of Mannar waters and population characteristics of the species Chirocentrus dorab (Forsskal, 1775) and Chirocentrus nudus Swainson, 1839

Dorab (wolf-herrings) fishery of Gulf of Mannar and species diversity, biology as well as population characteristics of the species, Chirocentrus dorab (Forsskal, 1775) and Chirocentrus nudus Swainson, 1839 were studied to understand the dynamics of the resource, evaluate extent of their exploitation and to propose appropriate strategies for sustaining the stock and yield. Almost all gears operating along the coast exploit dorabs. About 1,142 t dorabs were landed annually during the period. Fishery was supported by two species dominated by C. dorab. Growth estimates indicated that both species grow much faster than the earlier estimates from the same region. Stock assessment shows that both species were under heavy fishing pressure and subjected to overexploitation resulting in low production below the MSY level. Strategies for enhancing stock and yield are discussed

Emergence of triggerfishes (Family: Balistidae) as an alternate lucrative target fishery for trawls along the Tuticorin coast in Gulf of Mannar

Fishes of the family Balistidae are commonly known as trigger fishes. Globally the family is represented by about 40 species belonging to 11 genera. The name triggerfish arose as the second dorsal spine act as a trigger to the first dorsal fin. Locally they are known as ‘Kilathi’ in Tamil. Though they used to occur in trawl catch of Tuticorin coast from time immemorial, they were thrown back into the sea by fishermen mainly due to lack of market demand and also for want of onboard storage space. Trawlers used to avoid areas of their congregation as they considered it a menace leading to wastage of energy and time