Association of aster yellows subgroup 16SrI-C phytoplasmas with a disease of Ribes rubrum

Abstract A Ribes rubrum plant showing malformation and twisting of branches was found in a private garden in South Bohemia. Observation of ultrathin sections of tissues from symptomatic shoots revealed the presence of phytoplasma-like bodies. Different primer sets were used for amplification of the 16S-23S ribosomal gene segment. RFLP analysis and sequencing for phytoplasma identification classified the detected phytoplasma in the aster yellows group, subgroup 16SrI-C. Successful transmission of detected phytoplasma by dodder (Cuscuta campestris Yuncker) to periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus L.) was confirmed by detection of numerous phytoplasma bodies in ultrathin sections of C. roseus and by PCR from dodder and periwinkle. RFLP analyses of PCR products as well as nucleotide sequences of the currant plant and symptomatic periwinkles were identical. Sequenced data obtained from both currant and indicator plant, were aligned and sequences of 1,613 bp were found to be identical. Transmissions of phytoplasma by grafting to healthy currant rootstocks were unsuccessful

Resindential lease

Katedra občanského právaDepartment of Civil LawFaculty of LawPrávnická fakult

Imunologically active components of the human milk and its changes after pasteurization

Katedra buněčné biologieDepartment of Cell BiologyFaculty of SciencePřírodovědecká fakult

The Czech Environmental Inspection

Department of Environmental LawKatedra práva životního prostředíFaculty of LawPrávnická fakult

Molecular and Biological Characterization of a New Strawberry Cytorhabdovirus

Virus diseases of strawberry present several complex problems. More than 25 viruses have been described in the genus Fragaria thus far. Here, we describe a novel rhabdovirus, tentatively named strawberry virus 1 (StrV-1), that infects F. ananassa and F. vesca plants. Genomic sequences of three distinct StrV-1 genotypes co-infecting a single F. ananassa host were obtained using combined Illumina and Ion Proton high-throughput sequencing. StrV-1 was transmitted to herbaceous plants via Aphis fabae and A. ruborum, further mechanically transmitted to Nicotiana occidentalis 37B and sub-inoculated to N. benthamiana, N. benthamiana DCL2/4i, N. occidentalis 37B, and Physalis floridana plants. Irregular chlorotic sectors on leaf blades and the multiplication of calyx leaves seem to be the diagnostic symptoms for StrV-1 on indexed F. vesca clones. StrV-1 was detected in asymptomatic grafted plants and in 49 out of 159 field strawberry samples via RT-PCR followed by Sanger sequencing. The bacilliform shape of the virions, which have a cytoplasm-limited distribution, their size, and phylogenetic relationships support the assignment of StrV-1 to a distinct species of the genus Cytorhabdovirus. Acyrthosiphon malvae, A. fabae, and A. ruborum were shown to transmit StrV-1 under experimental conditions

Identification and Characterization of a Novel Umbra-like Virus, Strawberry Virus A, Infecting Strawberry Plants

A novel RNA virus infecting strawberry plants was discovered using high-throughput sequencing. The analyzed plant was simultaneously infected with three different genetic variants of the virus, provisionally named strawberry virus A (StrVA). Although StrVA is phylogenetically clustered with several recently discovered, unclassified plant viruses, it has a smaller genome and several unique features in its genomic organization. A specific and sensitive qPCR system for the detection of identified StrVA genetic variants was designed. A survey conducted in the Czech Republic revealed that StrVA was present in 28.3% of strawberry samples (n = 651) from various origins (plantations, gardens, and propagation material). Sequencing of 48 randomly selected StrVA-positive strawberry samples showed that two or all three StrVA genetic variants were present in 62.5% of the samples in various proportions. StrVA was found in mixed infections with other viruses (strawberry mild yellow edge virus, strawberry crinkle virus, strawberry mottle virus, strawberry polerovirus 1, or strawberry virus 1) in 57.1% of the samples, which complicated the estimation of its biological relevance and impact on the health status of the plants

Cataloguing of electronic publications - non-periodical monographs - based on RDA in the MARC21 format

Metodika obsahuje výčet povinných údajů bibliografického záznamu a jejich popis (na úrovni minimálního a doporučeného záznamu pro Souborný katalog ČR), je předpokladem pro sdílení záznamů mezi knihovnami. Vzhledem k tomu, že jsou v metodice akceptovány mezinárodní standardy a zohledněny povinné údaje specifikované v jejich rámci, umožňuje certifikovaná metodika rovněž sdílení záznamů na mezinárodní úrovni

Elimination of Solanum nigrum ilarvirus 1 and Apple Hammerhead Viroid from Apple Cultivars Using Antivirals Ribavirin, Rimantadine, and Zidovudine

Apple hammerhead viroid (AHVd) was detected in the apple cultivar ‘Šampion’ and in mixed infection with Solanum nigrum ilarvirus 1 (SnIV-1) in the cultivars ‘Selena’ and ‘Jonagored Supra’, using a high-throughput sequencing method. Experiments were conducted to eliminate both pathogens in apples using meristem tip cultures in combination with the antivirotics ribavirin, rimantadine, and zidovudine. Elimination of both pathogens was verified by repeated RT-PCR and qRT-PCR assays after 7–11 months. Elimination of SnIV-1 from all cultivars was successful with each of the three antivirotics at concentrations of 20, 40, and 80 mg L−1. Elimination of AHVd was also achieved, although less effectively and only with ribavirin in the concentration range of 20–160 mg L−1