Perkauksen vaikutus männyn kylvö- ja luontaisen taimikon kehitykseen ja taimikonhoidon ajanmenekkiin

TutkimusartikkeliTutkimuksessa tarkasteltiin erilaisten perkauskäsittelyiden (ei perkausta, reikäperkaus, täysperkaus, täysperkaus + mäntyjen harvennus) vaikutuksia männyn taimikon kehitykseen ja malleilla laskettuun työajanmenekkiin. Kokeet perustettiin kuivahkon kankaan kylvötaimikkoon ja kuivan kankaan luontaiseen taimikkoon. Perkauskäsittelyt toteutettiin 10-vuotiaissa taimikoissa (mäntyjen keskipituus 1–2 m) ja viivästettynä kolme vuotta myöhemmin. Kokeet mitattiin uudelleen kuusi kasvukautta myöhemmin taimikoiden lähestyessä harvennusvaihetta. §§ Perkaamattomuus ei vähentänyt kasvatettavien mäntyjen runkolukua, mutta lehtipuuston piiskauksen vaurioittamien mäntyjen osuus (8–18 %) oli korkeampi. Luontaisessa taimikossa myös hirvituhojen osuus oli korkeampi perkaamattomilla ruuduilla kuin peratuilla ruuduilla. Täysperkauksen yhteydessä tehty mäntyjen harvennus 2000 runkoon/ha heikensi mäntyjen laatukehitystä pelkkään täysperkaukseen verrattuna: läpimitankasvu ja paksuimman oksan paksuus lisääntyivät ja alaoksien kuoleminen hidastui. Myös reikäperkaus hidasti mäntyjen alaoksien kuolemista ja kylvötaimikossa lisäsi paksuimman oksan paksuutta täysperkaukseen verrattuna. §§ Kylvötaimikossa kolmen vuoden viive lisäsi ajanmenekkiä poistettavien puiden läpimitan kasvun vuoksi 30–100 %. Luontaisessa taimikossa viiveen vaikutus ei ollut merkitsevä. Taimikon harvennuksen ajanmenekki oli perkaamattomilla ja täysperkausaloilla 2–5-kertainen reikäperattuihin ja täysperkauksen yhteydessä harvennettuihin aloihin verrattuna. Taimikonhoidon kokonaisajanmenekkiin perkauskäsittelyllä ei ollut suurta vaikutustakylvötaimikossa kokonaisajanmenekki oli pienin, kun männyt harvennettiin varhaisessa vaiheessa täysperkauksen yhteydessä. Mäntyjä ei kuitenkaan tulisi harventaa vielä perkauksen yhteydessä 2000 runkoon/ha, jos tavoitteena on hyvälaatuisen sahatavaran tuottaminen

Synergies and Trade-Offs in the Production of NWFPs Predicted in Boreal Forests

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Mittausaineistoihin perustuvat puolukan peittävyys- ja satomallit

TutkimusselosteSeloste artikkelista: Turtiainen, M., Miina, J. Salo, K. & Hotanen, J.-P. (2013). Empirical prediction models for the coverage and yields of cowberry in Finland. Silva Fennica 47(3), article 1005

Modelling the coverage and annual variation in bilberry yield in Finland

201

Empirical prediction models for the coverage and yields of cowberry in Finland.

201

Pohjoiskarjalaisten ja kainuulaisten metsänomistajien mielipide marjastuksesta ja sienestyksestä yksityismetsissä

201

The Effects of Presleep Slow Breathing and Music Listening on Polysomnographic Sleep Measures - a pilot trial

Knowledge on efficient ways to reduce presleep arousal and, therefore, improve sleep, is scanty. We explored the effects of presleep slow breathing and music listening conditions on sleep quality and EEG power spectral density in young adults in a randomized, controlled trial with a crossover design. Participants’ (N = 20, 50% females) sleep was measured on two consecutive nights with polysomnography (40 nights), the other night serving as the control condition. The intervention condition was either a 30-minute slow breathing exercise or music listening (music by Max Richter: Sleep). The intervention and control conditions were placed in a random order. We measured heart rate variability prior to, during and after the intervention condition, and found that both interventions increased immediate heart rate variability. Music listening resulted in decreased N2 sleep, increased frontal beta1 power spectral density, and a trend towards increased N3 sleep was detected. In the slow breathing condition higher central delta power during N3 was observed. While some indices pointed to improved sleep quality in both intervention groups, neither condition had robust effects on sleep quality. These explorative findings warrant further replication in different populations.Peer reviewe

Forest Owners’ Perspectives Concerning Non‑Timber Forest Products, Everyman’s Rights, and Organic Certification of Forests in Eastern Finland

Global trends towards the bioeconomy and multidimensional ecosystem-based approaches are transforming our understanding of forests and expanding access to forest management. The demand for non-timber forest products (NTFPs) is increasing due to the current trends in lifestyle and consumption. Forest owners play a key role in the supply of NTFPs. However, many forest owners are not committed to production or aware of the opportunities for production of their forests. Understanding better the family forest owners’ behaviour and decision making regarding NTFPs is needed to strengthen the role of NTFPs in the Finnish bioeconomy. In this study, forest owners’ perspectives concerning NTFPs, Everyman’s Rights, and organic certification of forests were identified. The survey data were collected by emailing the questionnaire to North Karelian forest owners and analysed by creating forest owner typologies based on their forest ownership motives and perspectives concerning NTFPs. Regarding forest ownership motives, four owner groups of relatively equal size were identified and named as recreationist, conservationists, timber producers, and resigning owners leaving the forest property to the next generation. Regarding their use of NTFPs and interest in producing NTFPs four groups of owners were identified: owners who 1) harvested NTFPs for household use or 2) sale, 3) would allow the harvesting of NTFPs not covered by everyman’s right, and 4) need more information on the joint production of timber and NTFPs not covered by Everyman’s Rights. Most owners were household users. The results can be utilised to promote NTFP production and advocate for the more effective organic certification of forests for different forest owner groups

Forest Owners’ Perspectives Concerning Non-Timber Forest Products, Everyman’s Rights, and Organic Certification of Forests in Eastern Finland

Global trends towards the bioeconomy and multidimensional ecosystem-based approaches are transforming our understanding of forests and expanding access to forest management. The demand for non-timber forest products (NTFPs) is increasing due to the current trends in lifestyle and consumption. Forest owners play a key role in the supply of NTFPs. However, many forest owners are not committed to production or aware of the opportunities for production of their forests. Understanding better the family forest owners’ behaviour and decision making regarding NTFPs is needed to strengthen the role of NTFPs in the Finnish bioeconomy. In this study, forest owners’ perspectives concerning NTFPs, Everyman’s Rights, and organic certification of forests were identified. The survey data were collected by emailing the questionnaire to North Karelian forest owners and analysed by creating forest owner typologies based on their forest ownership motives and perspectives concerning NTFPs. Regarding forest ownership motives, four owner groups of relatively equal size were identified and named as recreationist, conservationists, timber producers, and resigning owners leaving the forest property to the next generation. Regarding their use of NTFPs and interest in producing NTFPs four groups of owners were identified: owners who 1) harvested NTFPs for household use or 2) sale, 3) would allow the harvesting of NTFPs not covered by everyman’s right, and 4) need more information on the joint production of timber and NTFPs not covered by Everyman’s Rights. Most owners were household users. The results can be utilised to promote NTFP production and advocate for the more effective organic certification of forests for different forest owner groups