A Model-Based Design Tool for Systems-Level Spacecraft Design

It is standard practice to mathematically model and analyze the various subsystems that make up a spacecraft, to ensure that they will function correctly when built. However, the system-level behavior of the spacecraft is generally understood in much less rigorous terms. This leaves the spacecraft system far more vulnerable than the subsystems to unforeseen design errors which may not manifest themselves until the integration and test phase, when design changes are most expensive in terms of cost and schedule. In this paper, we present Spacecraft Design Workbench, an extensible graphical design tool built upon the Generic Modeling Environment (GME) tool infrastructure, and intended to allow spacecraft systems engineers to model and analyze proposed spacecraft system designs in a rigorous manner. The graphical models defined by our tool have an underlying formal behavior semantics rooted in the Communicating Sequential Processes process algebra, which permits these models to be analyzed using off-the-shelf tools. As a proof-of-concept, we provide a small example that illustrates the application of our tool to the specification of a simple scientific spacecraft

LabView Interface for School-Network DAQ Card

A low-cost DAQ card has been developed for school-network cosmic ray detector projects, providing digitized data from photomultiplier tubes via a standard serial interface. To facilitate analysis of these data and to provide students with a starting point for custom readout systems, a model interface has been developed using the National Instruments LabVIEW(R) system. This user-friendly interface allows one to initialize the trigger coincidence conditions for data-taking runs and to monitor incoming or pre-recorded data sets with updating singles- and coincidence-rate plots and other user-selectable histograms.Comment: 4 pages, 6 figures. Presented as Paper NS26-119 at IEEE-NSS 2003, Portland, OR, by R. J. Wilke

Getting to Common Ground: A Comparison of Ontario, Canada's Provincial Policy Statement and the Auckland Council Regional Policy Statement with Respect to Indigenous Peoples

Indigenous rights are crucial to contemporary land use planning and policy in settler states. This article comparatively analyzes the manifest and latent content of the 2014 Provincial Policy Statement of Ontario, Canada (PPS) and the 1999 Auckland Council Regional Policy Statement of Aotearoa New Zealand (ACRPS) in order to evaluate their relative capacity to recognize the rights of Indigenous peoples. While the results show that jurisdiction is an impediment to fostering common ground between Indigenous peoples and settler states, the authors conclude that the PPS and the ACRPS serve vital roles in building dialogue and equitable planning outcomes

CAD interface and framework for curve optimisation applications

Computer Aided Design is currently expanding its boundaries to include more design features in its processes. Design is identified as an iterative process converging to solutions satisfying a set of constraints. Its close relation with optimisation indicate that there is strong potential for the integration of optimisation and CAD. The problem addressed in this thesis lies in interfacing the geometric representation of design with other non-geometric aspects. The example of free-form curve modelling is taken to investigate such relationships. Assumptions are made that Optimisation is powered by Evolutionary Computing algorithms like Genetic Algorithms (GA). The geometric definition of curves is commonly supported by NURBS, whose construction constraints are defined locally at the data points. Here the NURBS formulation is used with GA in an attempt to provide complementary handles on the curves shape other than the usual data point coordinates and control points weights. Differential properties are used for optimising NURBS, Hermite interpolation allows for the definition of higher order constraints (tangent, normal, bi-normal) at data points. The assignment of parameter values at the data points, known as parameterisation also provides control of the curve’s shape. Curve optimisation is also performed at the geometric modelling level. Old mathematical theorems established by Frénet and further developed by other mathematicians provide means of defining a curve’s shape with it’s intrinsic equations. Such representation is possible by using Function Representation (F-rep) algebra available in the ACIS software. Frep allows more generic and exact means of interfacing with the curve’s geometry and new functionality for curve inspection and optimisation are proposed in this thesis. The integration of optimisation findings and CAD are documented in the definition of a framework. The framework architecture proposed reconstructs a new CAD environment from separate elements bolted together in a generic Application Programming Interface (API) named “Oli interface”. Functionality created to interface optimisation and CAD makes a requirement list of the work that both sides should undertake to achieve design optimisation in the CAD environment.EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo

Hispanic Parents’ Beliefs, Attitudes and Perceptions Toward Pediatric Hearing Loss: A Comprehensive Literature Review

Objective: The purpose of this review was two-fold: (a) to understand research findings about Hispanic parents’ beliefs, attitudes, and perceptions related to hearing loss after having children who are deaf or hard of hearing, and (b) to inform future research needs that could expand audiologists’ ability to provide patient-centered care with this population. Design: A comprehensive review of the literature was used to identify relevant articles for the review. Study Sample: Five research articles met the inclusion criteria. Results: Three primary themes emerged: (1) deafness causality, parents tended to describe the cause of the hearing loss in terms of religion and folk beliefs; (2) cultural attitudes, parents reported having paternalistic views related to the care of their child and experiencing community stigma, and (3) cultural values, parents described how personalism, familism, fatalism, and respect informed their perspectives. Conclusions: This comprehensive literature review found that limited research has been done to understand beliefs, attitudes, and perceptions of Hispanic parents toward pediatric hearing loss. Synthesis of five studies revealed important cultural factors for audiologists to consider in the provision of patient-centered care. Beliefs related to the cause of hearing loss, cultural values, and integration of children within the Hispanic community, may be critical elements for audiologists to address when promoting parental engagement

Improving design coordination in computer supported environments in SMEs : implementation of a tool for capturing and analysing collaboration between actors

To remain competitive in a context of multi-partner projects companies are increasingly concerned with the coordination of design projects. Information systems such as PLM or CSCW are implemented to support the coordination of product information flows. Project managers are nevertheless finding it increasingly difficult to manage projects effectively. The impact of collaboration aspects on the design process is especially difficult for them to evaluate. Indeed, failing to integrate collaboration aspects into coordination can account for a great deal of design mistakes and finding a solution could lead to improved design coordination. The main obj ective of this researchi s then to help project managersi mprove coordination in design processes through a detailed analysis of collaboration between actors. A model of coordination and an associated model of collaboration have been devised together with a tool ('CoCa') to be used by researchers, consultants or project managers in the analysis of collaboration. This analysis can lead to the understanding of collaboration aspects and identification of the problems caused. Consequently, guidelines can be defined to prevent the re-emergence of the identified design problems in new projects. These guidelines are recommendations to introduce collaborative aspects, flexibility in the design process and elements for decision making when defining future design situations. Finally, a study of a specific application implementing PLM tools demonstrates that they are not able to manage firstly design projects and human resources whilst taking into account collaborative aspects or, secondly, the necessary synchronisation between human design activities and document workflow tasks. It is thus evident that these two factors are needed in PLM tools in order to apply the proposed model of coordination. An industrial partnership with an SME led to the study of its information system, an experiment with the CoCa tool, practical design process improvements, and implementation of a PLM prototype.EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo

Tumor-associated autoantibodies in combination with alpha-fetoprotein for detection of early stage hepatocellular carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) continues to be a leading challenge in modern oncology. Early detection via blood-based screening tests has the potential to cause a stage-shift at diagnosis and improve clinical outcomes. Tumor associated autoantibodies (TA-AAbs) have previously shown the ability to distinguish HCC from patients with high-risk liver disease. This research aimed to further show the utility of TA-AAbs as biomarkers of HCC and assess their use in combination with Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) for detection of HCC across multiple tumor stages. METHODS: Levels of circulating G class antibodies to 44 recombinant tumor associated antigens and circulating AFP were measured in the serum of patients with HCC, non-cancerous chronic liver disease (NCCLD) and healthy controls via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). TA-AAb cut-offs were set at the highest Youden's J statistic at a specificity ≥95.00%. Panels of TA-AAbs were formed using net reclassification improvement. AFP was assessed at a cut-off of 200 ng/ml. RESULTS: Sensitivities ranged from 1.01% to 12.24% at specificities of 95.96% to 100.00% for single TA-AAbs. An ELISA test measuring a panel of 10 of these TA-AAbs achieved a combined sensitivity of 36.73% at a specificity of 89.89% when distinguishing HCC from NCCLD controls. At a cut-off of 200 ng/ml, AFP achieved a sensitivity of 31.63% at a specificity of 100.00% in the same cohort. Combination of the TA-AAb panel with AFP significantly increased the sensitivity for stage one (40.00%) and two (55.00%) HCC over the TA-AAb panel or AFP alone. CONCLUSIONS: A panel of TA-AAbs in combination with AFP could be clinically relevant as a replacement for measuring levels of AFP alone in surveillance and diagnosis strategies. The increased early stage sensitivity could lead to a stage shift with positive prognostic outcomes

Intracanopy lighting strategies to improve green bush bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) compatibility with vertical farming

Now that multi-tiered plant factories with artificial lighting (PFALs) have demonstrated sufficient proof of concept for leafy green and microgreen production; the next challenge is to determine the optimal environment conditions and horticultural management practices required to produce nutrient-dense plant-based protein (PBP) crops within these advanced controlled environment systems (CES). Sole-source lighting within PFALs is energetically and economically expensive, as such, optimizing light distribution through intracanopy lighting could be a key factor in expanding the number of crops compatible with PFAL production. An ideal PBP PFAL crop will have a compact morphology (height, area, volume), be compatible with low-light environments, be self-pollinating, and have a relatively short life cycle. The objectives of this study were to 1) evaluate a selection of green bush bean cultivars (Phaseolus spp.) within a CES to determine which currently available cultivar is most compatible with PFAL production and 2) determine if the addition of intracanopy LED lighting could further improve cultivar compatibility with PFAL systems. The bush bean cultivar “Bronco” was selected after a 40-day flowering and 60-day fruiting trial for its compact morphology and yield (count, fresh weight). Intracanopy LED lighting trials on “Bronco” demonstrated a reduced shoot height (16%), increased bean count (22%), and increased fresh bean weight (17%) relative to plants produced with overhead lighting alone. While intracanopy lighting improved green bush bean compatibility with PFAL production, the additional light applied within the canopy increased the cost of production