47 research outputs found

    Who stands in the way of women? Open vs. closed lists and candidate gender in Estonia

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    The literature on women's descriptive representation has looked at the debate on open and closed lists as a choice between electoral systems. This article instead focuses on whether voters or the parties are biased against female candidates. Using data from six Estonian elections, the article finds that voters are not consistently biased against female candidates and open lists do not necessarily decrease women's representation. However, unknown and non-incumbent female candidates fare significantly worse than similar men. The analysis also shows that parties do not place women in electable positions on closed lists, and closed lists do not improve women's representation

    Gerakan perempuan di Amerika Latin:feminisme dan transisi menuju demokrasi

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    Georgina Waylen, Gender in Third World Politics

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    The Politics Of Development In Peru

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    https://works.swarthmore.edu/alum-books/1047/thumbnail.jp

    The Women\u27s Movement In Latin America: Participation And Democracy

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    https://works.swarthmore.edu/alum-books/2578/thumbnail.jp
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