17,625 research outputs found
Island formation without attractive interactions
We show that adsorbates on surfaces can form islands even if there are no
attractive interactions. Instead strong repulsion between adsorbates at short
distances can lead to islands, because such islands increase the entropy of the
adsorbates that are not part of the islands. We suggest that this mechanism
cause the observed island formation in O/Pt(111), but it may be important for
many other systems as well.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figure
Phonon-modulated magnetic interactions and spin Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid in the p-orbital antiferromagnet CsO2
The magnetic response of antiferromagnetic CsO2, coming from the p-orbital
S=1/2 spins of anionic O2- molecules, is followed by 133Cs nuclear magnetic
resonance across the structural phase transition occuring at Ts1=61 K on
cooling. Above Ts1, where spins form a square magnetic lattice, we observe a
huge, nonmonotonic temperature dependence of the exchange coupling originating
from thermal librations of O2- molecules. Below Ts1, where antiferromagnetic
spin chains are formed as a result of p-orbital ordering, we observe a spin
Tomonaga-Luttinger-liquid behavior of spin dynamics. These two interesting
phenomena, which provide rare simple manifestations of the coupling between
spin, lattice and orbital degrees of freedom, establish CsO2 as a model system
for molecular solids.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figures (with Supplemental Material), to appear in
Physical Review Letter
Scaling test of quenched Wilson twisted mass QCD at maximal twist
We present the results of an extended scaling test of quenched Wilson twisted
mass QCD. We fix the twist angle by using two definitions of the critical mass,
the first obtained by requiring the vanishing of the pseudoscalar meson mass
m_PS for standard Wilson fermions and the second by requiring restoration of
parity at non-zero value of the twisted mass mu and subsequently extrapolating
to mu=0. Depending on the choice of the critical mass we simulate at values of
beta in [5.7,6.45], for a range of pseudoscalar meson masses 250 MeV < m_PS < 1
GeV and we perform the continuum limit for the pseudoscalar meson decay
constant f_PS and various hadron masses (vector meson m_V, baryon octet m_oct
and baryon decuplet m_dec) at fixed value of r_0 m_PS. For both definitions of
the critical mass, lattice artifacts are consistent with O(a) improvement.
However, with the second definition, large O(a^2) discretization errors present
at small quark mass with the first definition are strongly suppressed. The
results in the continuum limit are in very good agreement with those from the
Alpha and CP-PACS Collaborations.Comment: 6 pages, Talk presented at Lattice 2005, Dublin, 25-30 July 200
3-point functions from twisted mass lattice QCD at small quark masses
We show at the example of the matrix element between pion states of a
twist-2, non-singlet operator that Wilson twisted mass fermions allow to
compute this phenomenologically relevant quantitiy at small pseudo scalar
masses of O(270 MeV). In the quenched approximation, we investigate the scaling
behaviour of this observable that is derived from a 3-point function by
applying two definitions of the critical mass and find a scaling compatible
with the expected O(a^2) behaviour in both cases. A combined continuum
extrapolations allows to obtain reliable results at small pion masses, which
previously could not be explored by lattice QCD simulations.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figures, talk presented at Lattice 200
One-dimensional quantum antiferromagnetism in the orbital CsO compound revealed by electron paramagnetic resonance
Recently it was proposed that the orbital ordering of molecular
orbitals in the superoxide CsO compound leads to the formation of spin-1/2
chains below the structural phase transition occuring at ~K on
cooling. Here we report a detailed X-band electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR)
study of this phase in CsO powder. The EPR signal appears as a broad line
below , which is replaced by the antiferromagnetic resonance below
the N\'{e}el temperature ~K. The temperature dependence of the
EPR linewidth between and agrees with the
predictions for the one-dimensional Heisenberg antiferromagnetic chain of
spins in the presence of symmetric anisotropic exchange interaction.
Complementary analysis of the EPR lineshape, linewidth and the signal intensity
within the Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid (TLL) framework allows for a determination
of the TLL exponent . Present EPR data thus fully comply with the
quantum antiferromagnetic state of spin-1/2 chains in the orbitally ordered
phase of CsO, which is, therefore, a unique orbital system where such a
state could be studied.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figure
Bond breaking in vibrationally excited methane on transition metal catalysts
The role of vibrational excitation of a single mode in the scattering of
methane is studied by wave packet simulations of oriented CH4 and CD4 molecules
from a flat surface. All nine internal vibrations are included. In the
translational energy range from 32 up to 128 kJ/mol we find that initial
vibrational excitations enhance the transfer of translational energy towards
vibrational energy and increase the accessibility of the entrance channel for
dissociation. Our simulations predict that initial vibrational excitations of
the asymmetrical stretch (nu_3) and especially the symmetrical stretch (nu_1)
modes will give the highest enhancement of the dissociation probability of
methane.Comment: 4 pages REVTeX, 2 figures (eps), to be published in Phys. Rev. B.
(See also arXiv:physics.chem-ph/0003031). Journal version at
http://publish.aps.org/abstract/PRB/v61/p1565
Nucleon form factors and moments of parton distributions in twisted mass lattice QCD
We present results on the electroweak form factors and on the lower moments
of parton distributions of the nucleon, within lattice QCD using two dynamical
flavors of degenerate twisted mass fermions. Results are obtained on lattices
with three different values of the lattice spacings, namely a=0.089 fm, a=0.070
fm and a=0.056 fm, allowing the investigation of cut-off effects. The volume
dependence is examined by comparing results on two lattices of spatial length
L=2.1 fm and L=2.8 fm. The simulations span pion masses in the range of 260-470
MeV. Our results are renormalized non-perturbatively and the values are given
in the MS-scheme at a scale mu=2 GeV.Comment: Talk presented in the XXIst International Europhysics Conference on
High Energy Physics, 21-27 July 2011, Grenoble, Rhones Alpes Franc
The nucleon spin and momentum decomposition using lattice QCD simulations
We determine within lattice QCD, the nucleon spin carried by valence and sea
quarks, and gluons. The calculation is performed using an ensemble of gauge
configurations with two degenerate light quarks with mass fixed to
approximately reproduce the physical pion mass. We find that the total angular
momentum carried by the quarks in the nucleon is and the gluon contribution is giving a total of consistent with the spin sum. For the quark intrinsic spin contribution
we obtain . All quantities are given in the scheme at
2~GeV. The quark and gluon momentum fractions are also computed and add up to
satisfying the momentum sum.Comment: Version published in PR
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