Advances in genomics of bony fish

Animal science

Evaporative gold nanorod assembly on chemically stripe-patterned gradient surfaces

Experimentally we explore the potential of using pre-defined motion of a receding contact line to control the deposition of nanoparticles from suspension. Stripe-patterned wettability gradients are employed, which consist of alternating hydrophilic and hydrophobic stripes with increasing macroscopic surface energy. Nanoparticle suspensions containing nanorods and nanospheres are deposited onto these substrates and left to dry. After moving over the pattern and evaporation of the solvent, characteristic nanoparticle deposits are found. The liquid dynamics has a pronounced effect on the spatial distribution. Nanoparticles do not deposit on the hydrophobic regions; there is high preference to deposit on the wetting stripes. Moreover, the fact that distributed nanoparticle islands are formed suggests that the receding of the contact line occurs in a stick-slip like fashion. Furthermore, the formation of liquid bridges covering multiple stripes during motion of the droplet over the patterns is modeled. We discuss their origin and show that the residue after drying, containing both nanoparticles and the stabilizing surfactant, also resembles such dynamics. Finally, zooming into individual islands reveals that highly selective phase separation occurs based on size and shape of the nanoparticle

Droplet impact on hydrophobic surfaces with hierarchical roughness

We investigate the dynamic properties of microliter droplets impacting with velocities up to $0.4\:{\rm{m}}\:{{\rm{s}}^{ - 1}}$ on hydrophobic surfaces with hierarchical roughness. The substrates consist of multiple layers of silica microspheres, which are decorated with gold nanoparticles; the superstructures are hydrophobized by chemical modification. The initial impact event is analysed, primarily focusing on the bouncing of the droplets. The number of bounces increases exponentially with substrate hydrophobicity as expressed by the contact angle. The subsequent relaxation regime is analysed in terms of the frequency and damping rate of the droplet oscillations. Both quantities exhibit a substantial decrease for large contact angles. Results are discussed in relation to reports in literature; damping is most likely due to viscous dissipation

Complementary vertices and adjacency testing in polytopes

Our main theoretical result is that, if a simple polytope has a pair of complementary vertices (i.e., two vertices with no facets in common), then it has at least two such pairs, which can be chosen to be disjoint. Using this result, we improve adjacency testing for vertices in both simple and non-simple polytopes: given a polytope in the standard form {x \in R^n | Ax = b and x \geq 0} and a list of its V vertices, we describe an O(n) test to identify whether any two given vertices are adjacent. For simple polytopes this test is perfect; for non-simple polytopes it may be indeterminate, and instead acts as a filter to identify non-adjacent pairs. Our test requires an O(n^2 V + n V^2) precomputation, which is acceptable in settings such as all-pairs adjacency testing. These results improve upon the more general O(nV) combinatorial and O(n^3) algebraic adjacency tests from the literature.Comment: 14 pages, 5 figures. v1: published in COCOON 2012. v2: full journal version, which strengthens and extends the results in Section 2 (see p1 of the paper for details

Universal flow diagram for the magnetoconductance in disordered GaAs layers

The temperature driven flow lines of the diagonal and Hall magnetoconductance data (G_{xx},G_{xy}) are studied in heavily Si-doped, disordered GaAs layers with different thicknesses. The flow lines are quantitatively well described by a recent universal scaling theory developed for the case of duality symmetry. The separatrix G_{xy}=1 (in units e^2/h) separates an insulating state from a spin-degenerate quantum Hall effect (QHE) state. The merging into the insulator or the QHE state at low temperatures happens along a semicircle separatrix G_{xx}^2+(G_{xy}-1)^2=1 which is divided by an unstable fixed point at (G_{xx},G_{xy})=(1,1).Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. Let