55 research outputs found
Certain medical problems resulting from evolutionary processes: bipedalism as an example
Humans are primates, and as such, our overall anatomy is very similar
to that of other members of this biological order. Yet, there are numerous differences in certain anatomical regions of living humans when compared to our closest living relatives, the African great apes. Many of these, such as our extremely large brains compared to body size (even if all primates have relatively large brains), details in dental anatomy, and so on, appear at different times in our evolutionary past and within the tribe hominini. However, the first, and taxonomically most significant synapomorphy of the hominin clade is a change in locomotory mode, from that of a quadruped (presumably the ancestral state in last common ancestor (LCA) of humans and apes) to biped. In this paper, a brief overview is given of the most important anatomical challenges that these novel locomotory patterns required to be enegretically efficient, as seen in the comparison between living African apes and humans. Further, an overview of the fossil record, as related to the
issues raised, is given. Lastly, the importance of understanding evolutionary adaptations and changes for the medical profession is discussed
Neandertals
U radu je iznesen pregled znanstvenih saznanja o populaciji neandertalaca koji ukljuÄuje rezultate podruÄja arheologije, antropologije i genetike. Osim pregleda znanstvenih saznanja, u radu se daje i povijesni pregled razmiÅ”ljanja o mjestu neandertalaca unutar evolucijskog razvoja Äovjeka kao i uvid u modele koji se najÄeÅ”Äe spominju u suvremenoj literaturi.The paper presents an overview of scientific insights into the Neandertal population, including results obtained in the fields of archaeology, anthropology and genetics. In addition to this overview, the paper also provides a historical perspective of considerations of the position of the Neandertals within human evolution, as well as a discussion of models that are most frequently mentioned in contemporary literature
Papers on Human Evolution Published in Collegium Antropologicum from 1977ā2004
Papers on human evolution published in Collegium Antropologicum in the period from 1977 to 2004 are listed in this review
The Middle and Early Upper Paleolithic in Croatia
Älanak donosi pregled glavnih nalaziÅ”ta, interpretacija
i spoznaja u prouÄavanju srednjega i ranoga gornjeg
paleolitika Hrvatske. Posebna je pozornost posveÄena
rezultatima novijih istraživanja i novijim interpretacijama
ranijih istraživanja, bitnima za rekonstrukciju
ponaŔanja i prilagodbe neandertalaca, njihova nestanka
te pojave ranih suvremenih Europljana. Neandertalci
su se podjednako dobro prilagoÄavali razliÄitu okoliÅ”u
u kontinentalnoj (sjeverozapadnoj) i mediteranskoj
Hrvatskoj (Dalmacija). ArheoloÅ”ki nalazi s podruÄja
sjeverozapadne Hrvatske (Å”pilja Vindija) upuÄuju na
prijelaz srednjega u gornji paleolitik, povezanost neandertalaca
s inicijalnim gornjim paleolitikom i moguÄe
susrete neandertalaca i ranih modernih ljudi. S druge
strane izmeÄu kasnoga srednjeg paleolitika (Mujina
peÄina) i ranoga gornjeg paleolitika (Å andalja II) istoÄnoga
jadranskog podruÄja postoji vremenska praznina
veÄa od 10 000 godina, uz vidnu razliku u naÄinu proizvodnje
i tipologiji alatki. Tijekom posljednjih 15-ak
godina spoznaje o paleolitiku Hrvatske znatno su dopunjene
i promijenjene, Ŕto je rezultat istraživanja viŔe
nalaziŔta uporabom suvremenih metoda, ali i provedbe
detaljnijih analiza ranije iskopana materijala.The article provides an overview of the principle sites,
interpretations and knowledge gained in the study
of the Middle and early Upper Paleolithic in Croatia.
Particular attention is accorded to the results of more
recent research and newer interpretations of earlier
research essential to the reconstruction of the
behavior and adaptations of the Neandertals, their
disappearance and the appearance of early modern
Europeans. The Neandertals were equally capable of
adapting to the different environments in continental
(Northwestern) Croatia and Mediterranean Croatia
(Dalmatia). Archeological materials from Northwestern
Croatia (Vindija Cave) indicate the transition
from the Middle to the Upper Paleolithic, the ties of
the Neandertals to the initial Upper Paleolithic and
possible encounters between Neandertals and early
modern humans. On the other hand, there is a 10,000
year gap between the late Middle Paleolithic (Mujina
PeÄina) and the early Upper Paleolithic (Å andalja II) of
the Eastern Adriatic region, with a visible difference in
tool production methods and typology. Over the past
fifteen years, knowledge on the Paleolithic in Croatia
has been considerably supplemented and enhanced,
which is the result of research at several sites using
cutting-edge methods as well as thorough analyses
of materials excavated previously
Papers on Human Evolution Published in Collegium Antropologicum from 1977ā2004
Papers on human evolution published in Collegium Antropologicum in the period from 1977 to 2004 are listed in this review
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