Anatomic pathology aspects of the parasitism by Cruorifilaria tuberocauda in capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) in Midwestern Brazil

São descritos dois casos de parasitismo por Cruorifilaria tuberocauda em capivaras de vida livre no Distrito Federal, Brasil. Macroscopicamente, observou-se nas superfícies de corte dos rins espessamento acentuado de vasos das regiões cortical e córtico-medular. Microscopicamente, havia arterite proliferativa e granulomatosa acentuada associada a filarídeos intralesionais consistentes com Cruorifilaria tuberocauda. Esse é o primeiro relato do parasitismo por esse filarídeo em capivaras no Distrito FederalThis report describes two cases of parasitism by Cruorifilaria tuberocauda in wild capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) from Distrito Federal, Brazil. Grossly, there was marked thickening of vessels wall of the cortical and corticomedullary regions of both kidneys. Microscopically, there was severe proliferative and granulomatous arteritis associated with intralesional filarids, consistent with Cruorifilaria tuberocauda. For the first time this filarid is reported parasitizing capybaras in Distrito Federal, Brazil

Condrossarcoma vertebral em papagaio (Amazona aestiva)

Condrossarcomas são tumores mesenquimais malignos incomuns em aves, em que as células neoplásicas produzem matriz cartilaginosa. Este trabalho objetiva descrever os achados clínico-patológicos de um caso de condrossarcoma em um papagaio verdadeiro (Amazona aestiva). O animal apresentou aumento de volume progressivo na região dorsal do sinsacro. Macroscopicamente, notou-se uma massa firme, irregular, ulcerada, medindo 3,6x3,5x1,8cm. A histopatologia revelou proliferação monomórfica de condrócitos fusiformes e pleomórficos, com abundante matriz cartilagionasa, compatível com condrossarcomaChondrosarcoma is a malignant mesenchymal tumor in which the neoplastic cells produce cartilaginous matrix and is uncommonly described in birds. This report describes the clinical and pathological findings of one case of chondrosarcoma in a blue-fronted parrot (Amazona aestiva). Macroscopically a 3.6x3.5x1.8cm, nodular, ulcerated, and firm mass was identified in the dorsal synsacrum. Microscopically, the mass was composed of a monomorphic proliferation of pleomorphic spindle chondrocytes with abundant cartilaginous matrix, consistent with chondrosarcom

Proteínas do citoesqueleto na parede folicular de ovários normais e císticos de porcas matrizes

A expressão de proteínas do citoesqueleto foi avaliada por imuno-histoquímica em ovários normais e císticos de porcas matrizes. Amostras de 36 ovários normais (18 porcas) e de 44 císticos (22 porcas) foram avaliadas. Todas as matrizes apresentaram histórico de problemas reprodutivos, como infertilidade ou subfertilidade. As áreas coradas por imuno-histoquímica (IHCSA) foram quantificadas por avaliação de imagens avaliando a expressão dessas proteínas na parede folicular de folículos secundários, terciários e císticos. A imuno-reatividade para citoqueratina (CK) foi forte na camada de células da granulosa (GC) e discreta nas tecas interna (TI) e externa (TE) dos folículos normais. Houve redução acentuada da reação de CK na CG dos folículos císticos, principalmente nos cistos luteinizados. A reação para vimentina foi mais intensa na CG dos folículos normais e císticos em comparação com outras estruturas foliculares. Nos cistos luteinizados, a IHCSA para vimentina foi significativamente maior na TI e, em ambos os cistos observados, a marcação foi mais acentuada na TE. A marcação de desmina e actina alfa de músculo liso foi restrita a TE, sem diferenças entre os folículos normais e císticos. Os resultados do presente estudo mostram que o desenvolvimento de cistos ovarianos em porcas matrizes está associado a alterações na expressão das proteínas do citoesqueleto CK e vimentina.The expression of cytoskeletal proteins was evaluated immunohistochemically in 36 normal ovaries sampled from 18 sows and 44 cystic ovaries sampled from of 22 sows, was evaluated. All sows had history of reproductive problems, such as infertility or subfertility. The immunohistochemically stained area (IHCSA) was quantified through image analysis to evaluate the expression of these proteins in the follicular wall of secondary, tertiary, and cystic follicles. Cytokeratins (CK) immunoreactivity was strong in the granulosa cell layer (GC) and mild in the theca interna (TI) and externa (TE) of the normal follicles. There was severe reduction of the reaction to CK in the GC in the cystic follicles, mainly in the luteinized cysts. The immunoreactivity for vimentin was higher in the GC from normal and cystic follicles in contrast with the other follicular structures. In the luteinized cysts, the IHCSA for vimentin was significantly higher in TI and in both observed cysts, the labeling was more accentuated in TE. Immunohistochemical detection of desmin and α-SMA was restricted to the TE, without differences between the normal and cystic follicles. The results of the current study show that the development of ovarian cysts in sows is associated to changes in the expression of the cytoskeletal proteins CK and vimentin

Dermatite e paniculite piogranulomatosas causadas por Nocardia nova em um gato

Este relato descreve os achados clínicos, patológicos e microbiológicos de uma infecção incomum por Nocardia nova em um gato. Um gato macho, sem raça definida, de 3 anos de idade, apresentou ferida cutânea exsudativa e ulcerada. Amostras da lesão foram coletadas para histopatologia e bacteriologia. Histologicamente, a lesão consistiu de dermatite e paniculite piogranulomatosas associadas a colônias grandes e irregulares de bactérias filamentosas e ramificadas. O cultivo bacteriológico revelou bacilos filamentosos, gram-positivos, parcialmente ácido resistentes, visualizados pelas colorações de Gram e Kinyoun, respectivamente. A identificação da Nocardia novafoi confirmada pelo sequenciamento 16S rDNA e análise filogenética. Este é o primeiro caso de paniculite e dermatite piogranulomatosas em um gato causado por Nocardia nova registrado no Brasil.This report describes the clinical, pathological and microbiological findings of an uncommon infection in a cat by Nocardia nova. A 3-year-old male domestic short hair cat with an ulcerated and exudative cutaneous wound was presented for clinical examination. Samples were collected for histopathology and bacteriology diagnosis. Microscopically, the lesion was diagnosed as pyogranulomatous dermatitis and panniculitis with large and irregular colonies of branching filamentous bacterium. Skin bacteriological culture showed gram-positive rods and partially acid-fast branching filaments by gram and kinyoun staining, respectively. The identity of Nocardia nova was confirmed by 16S rDNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. This is the first case of pyogranulomatous dermatitis and panniculitis in a cat caused byNocardia nova reported in Brazil

Infecção experimental de equinos com o vírus Vaccínia

O vírus Vaccinia (VACV) é o agente etiológico da vaccínia bovina, uma doença zoonótica re-emergente e de importância sanitária e econômica para rebanhos leiteiros. O VACV também pode ocasionalmente infectar outras espécies, incluindo equinos. Nesse sentido, um surto de VACV em equinos foi descrito em Pelotas, RS, em 2008, no qual uma coinfecção com dois isolados de VACV (denominados Pelotas 1 [P1V] e Pelotas 2 [P2V]) foi detectada. Considerando a rara ocorrência da infecção pelo VACV em equinos, o objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a susceptibilidade e a patogenia experimental da infecção pelo VACV nessa espécie. Para isso, seis equinos adultos foram inoculados com P1V ou P2V (106,3DICC50/ml) após escarificação na superfície nasolabial e monitorados para os aspectos virológicos, clínicos e patológicos por 28 dias. Quatro animais inoculados (4/6) desenvolveram lesões macroscópicas leves nos locais da inoculação, consistentes com aquelas causadas por VACV, caracterizadas por úlceras e crostas focais restritas à área inoculada, entre os dias 2 e 8 pós-inoculação (pi). Microscopicamente, havia acantose, degeneração hidrópica do estrato espinhoso e necrose da epiderme, com bactérias intralesionais. Infiltração moderada de neutrófilos, macrófagos e linfócitos foi observada na derme superficial. Inclusões intracitoplasmáticas eosinofílicas foram infrequentemente observadas nos queratinócitos degenerados adjacentes às áreas necróticas. Excreção viral foi detectada por PCR e isolamento viral das lesões de um equino inoculado com o P2V, entre os dias 4 e 8pi. Não foi detectada produção de anticorpos específicos para o VACV em nenhum animal inoculado. Em resumo, a inoculação de cavalos com os isolados P1V e P2V resultou em um baixo nível de replicação viral e em baixa frequência, resultando em lesões cutâneas mais discretas em comparação com outras espécies susceptíveis ao VACV. Apesar dos equinos serem susceptíveis à infecção pelo VACV, possivelmente apresentam baixo potencial de manutenção e de transmissão do vírus para outras espécies.Vaccinia virus (VACV) is the etiologic agent of bovine vaccinia, an emerging zoonotic disease with potential health issues for dairy herds and humans. VACV may occasionally infect other species, including horses. In this sense, an outbreak of VACV disease in horses was described in Pelotas, RS, in 2008, where a co-infection with two VACV strains (named Pelotas Virus 1 [P1V] and Pelotas Virus 2 [P2V]) was detected. Considering the rare occurrence of VACV infection in horses, the objective of this study was to investigate the susceptibility and pathogenesis of VACV infection in this species. Six adult horses were inoculated with VACV P1V or P2V (106.3TCID50/ml) through scarification of the nasolabial surface and monitored for virological and clinical aspects during 28 days. Four inoculated horses (4/6) developed mild lesions in the site of inoculation. Ulcers and scabs restricted to inoculated areas were observed between days 2 and 8 post-inoculation (pi). Microscopically there were acanthosis, ballooning degeneration of the stratum spinosum, necrosis and loss of the epidermis. Infiltration of neutrophils, macrophages and lymphocytes were observed in the dermis. Intracytoplasmic eosinophilic inclusions were infrequently observed in degenerate keratinocytes from adjacent necrotic areas. Virus shedding was detected between days 4 and 8 pi by PCR and virus isolation (infectious virus) from the lesions of one horse inoculated with P2V. No neutralizing antibodies were detected in inoculated animals at day 28 pi. In summary, inoculation of horses with VACV P1V and P2V isolates resulted in a low level of replication and at low frequency, with mild cutaneous lesions, when compared with the course of infection of other susceptible species to VACV. Therefore, horses possibly have a low potential for viral maintenance and transmission to other species, albeit being susceptible to VACV infection

Doença de Marek visceral em pavão-branco (Pavo cristatus)

Doença de Marek (MD) é uma desordem linfoproliferativa causada pelo Gallid herpesvirus 2 (MDV), que infecta principalmente galináceos domésticos, porém aves silvestres podem ser ocasionalmente afetadas. O presente relato descreve os achados anatomopatológicos e moleculares de um caso de MD em um pavão-branco (Pavo cristatus). Os sinais clínicos incluíram apatia, hiporexia e diarreia. Macroscopicamente, foram observados nódulos macios, de 0,5 a 1,5cm de diâmetro, no músculo esquelético, no pulmão, nos rins, nos sacos aéreos, no intestino delgado, no coração, no ovário, no ventrículo e no proventrículo. Microscopicamente, numerosas células redondas neoplásicas atípicas foram notadas. A detecção molecular do DNA do MDV foi implementada para amplificar parte do gene meq, e os produtos foram sequenciados para análise filogenética. DNA foi obtido de tecidos de aves afetadas e do sangue de todos os galináceos do zoológico. A esperada amplificação de parte do gene meq de MDV amplificado foi ampliada e sequenciada. As sequências obtidas permitiram o agrupamento da cepa (acesso KT768121) com cepas do sorotipo 1 de MDV do GenBank.. O diagnóstico de MD em pavão-branco foi obtido com base nos achados anatomopatológicos e moleculares e, pelo conhecimento dos autores, não há relatos anteriores publicados de MD em Pavo cristatus.Marek's disease (MD) is a lymphoproliferative disorder caused by Gallid herpesvirus 2 (MDV) that infects mainly domestic gallinaceous birds although wild birds may occasionally be affected. The current report describes the anatomopathological and molecular findings of a case of MD in a white-peafowl (Pavo cristatus). The signs included apathy, hyporexia, and diarrhea. Grossly, 0.5 to 1.5cm in diameter, yellow, soft nodules were observed in the skeletal muscle, lung, kidney, air sacs, small intestine, heart, ovary, ventriculus, and proventriculus. Microscopically, numerous atypical round neoplastic cells were noted. The molecular detection of MDV DNA was implemented to amplify part of the meq gene and products were sequenced for the phylogenetic analysis. Template DNA was obtained from tissues of the affected bird and from blood of all the gallinaceous birds of the Zoo. The expected amplicon for the partial amplification of MDV meq gene was obtained and the amplicons were sequenced. Sequences obtained enabled grouping the strain (accession no. KT768121) with MDV serotype 1 strains from the GenBank. Based on the anatomopathological and molecular findings, the diagnosis of MD in a white-peafowl was reached, and to the authors' knowledge, no previous report regarding MD was published in Pavo cristatus

Vertebral chondrosarcoma in a blue-fronted parrot (Amazona aestiva)

Chondrosarcoma is a malignant mesenchymal tumor in which the neoplastic cells produce cartilaginous matrix and is uncommonly described in birds. This report describes the clinical and pathological findings of one case of chondrosarcoma in a blue-fronted parrot (Amazona aestiva). Macroscopically a 3.6x3.5x1.8cm, nodular, ulcerated, and firm mass was identified in the dorsal synsacrum. Microscopically, the mass was composed of a monomorphic proliferation of pleomorphic spindle chondrocytes with abundant cartilaginous matrix, consistent with chondrosarcom

Pyogranulomatous dermatitis and panniculitis due to Nocardia nova in a cat

This report describes the clinical, pathological and microbiological findings of an uncommon infection in a cat by Nocardia nova. A 3-year-old male domestic short hair cat with an ulcerated and exudative cutaneous wound was presented for clinical examination. Samples were collected for histopathology and bacteriology diagnosis. Microscopically, the lesion was diagnosed as pyogranulomatous dermatitis and panniculitis with large and irregular colonies of branching filamentous bacterium. Skin bacteriological culture showed gram-positive rods and partially acid-fast branching filaments by gram and kinyoun staining, respectively. The identity of Nocardia nova was confirmed by 16S rDNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. This is the first case of pyogranulomatous dermatitis and panniculitis in a cat caused byNocardia nova reported in Brazil

Experimental infection of horses with Vaccinia virus

ABSTRACT: Vaccinia virus (VACV) is the etiologic agent of bovine vaccinia, an emerging zoonotic disease with potential health issues for dairy herds and humans. VACV may occasionally infect other species, including horses. In this sense, an outbreak of VACV disease in horses was described in Pelotas, RS, in 2008, where a co-infection with two VACV strains (named Pelotas Virus 1 [P1V] and Pelotas Virus 2 [P2V]) was detected. Considering the rare occurrence of VACV infection in horses, the objective of this study was to investigate the susceptibility and pathogenesis of VACV infection in this species. Six adult horses were inoculated with VACV P1V or P2V (106.3TCID50/ml) through scarification of the nasolabial surface and monitored for virological and clinical aspects during 28 days. Four inoculated horses (4/6) developed mild lesions in the site of inoculation. Ulcers and scabs restricted to inoculated areas were observed between days 2 and 8 post-inoculation (pi). Microscopically there were acanthosis, ballooning degeneration of the stratum spinosum, necrosis and loss of the epidermis. Infiltration of neutrophils, macrophages and lymphocytes were observed in the dermis. Intracytoplasmic eosinophilic inclusions were infrequently observed in degenerate keratinocytes from adjacent necrotic areas. Virus shedding was detected between days 4 and 8 pi by PCR and virus isolation (infectious virus) from the lesions of one horse inoculated with P2V. No neutralizing antibodies were detected in inoculated animals at day 28 pi. In summary, inoculation of horses with VACV P1V and P2V isolates resulted in a low level of replication and at low frequency, with mild cutaneous lesions, when compared with the course of infection of other susceptible species to VACV. Therefore, horses possibly have a low potential for viral maintenance and transmission to other species, albeit being susceptible to VACV infection