2,092 research outputs found
Dynamical tachyons on fuzzy spheres
We study the spectrum of off-diagonal fluctuations between displaced fuzzy
spheres in the BMN plane wave matrix model. The displacement is along the plane
of the fuzzy spheres. We find that when two fuzzy spheres intersect at angles
classical tachyons develop and that the spectrum of these modes can be computed
analytically. These tachyons can be related to the familiar Nielsen-Olesen
instabilities in Yang-Mills theory on a constant magnetic background. Many
features of the problem become more apparent when we compare with maximally
supersymmetric Yang-Mills on a sphere, of which this system is a truncation. We
also set up a simple oscillatory trajectory on the displacement between the
fuzzy spheres and study the dynamics of the modes as they become tachyonic for
part of the oscillations. We speculate on their role regarding the possible
thermalization of the system.Comment: 34 pages, 4 figures; v2: 35 pages, expanded sec. 4.3, added
reference
The decay of quantum D-branes
We study the {\em quantum} decay of D0-branes in two-dimensional 0B string
theory. The quantum nature of the branes provides a natural cut-off for the
closed string emission rate. We find exact quantum mechanical wavefunctions for
the decaying branes and show how one can include the effects of the Fermi sea
for any string coupling (Fermi energy).Comment: 15 pages, 2 figure
ForestGEO Dead Wood Census Protocol
After stems die, the wood persists in the ecosystem, either as standing deadwood or woody debris on the ground. Deadwood plays an important role in forest ecosystems, providing significantly different substrate, nutrient source, and microclimate to seedlings as well as habitat to vertebrates and invertebrates. Measurements of dead material on the forest floor can be used to more completely estimate biomass, carbon pools, and carbon fluxes. These methods continue the philosophy of the ForestGEO demography data by tracking the status of individual woody stems after mortality and thereby extending observations to the entire period each woody stem exists in the forest
Quantum memories for fundamental science in space
Investigating and verifying the connections between the foundations of quantum mechanics and general relativity will require extremely sensitive quantum experiments. To provide ultimate insight into this fascinating area of physics, the realization of dedicated experiments in space will sooner or later become a necessity. Quantum technologies, and among them quantum memories in particular, are providing novel approaches to reach conclusive experimental results due to their advanced state of development backed by decades of progress. Storing quantum states for prolonged time will make it possible to study Bell tests on astronomical baselines, to increase measurement precision for investigations of gravitational effects on quantum systems, or enable distributed networks of quantum sensors and clocks. We here promote the case of exploiting quantum memories for fundamental physics in space, and discuss both distinct experiments as well as potential quantum memory platforms and their performance
Dental Professionals’ Perspective on Direct-To-Consumer Clear Aligners
Background: Technology continues to drastically change the practice of orthodontics. One
recent change includes direct-to-consumer (DTC) clear aligners, a model that omits a clinical exam by a licensed dentist and radiographic evaluation prior to initiating treatment. The purpose of this study was to collect quantitative data about dental professionals’ perspectives of the DTC treatment model. Materials and Methods: The Qualtrics-based survey was disseminated to dental professionals using several email lists. The survey included 26 questions, containing four domains: basic demographic information, perceptions of the direct-to-consumer clear aligner model, standards of orthodontic care, and patient experiences. Responses were summarized with descriptive statistics. Associations between respondent demographics and their perceptions about
DTC clear aligner treatment and standards of orthodontic care were evaluated using Mantel- Haenszel Chi-squared tests. Results: There were 334 completed surveys, with 155 orthodontists (46.4%), 154 general dentists (46.1%), and 25 other dental specialties (7.5%) participants. More than 95% of respondents had a generally negative view of the DTC treatment model, with most respondents citing “suboptimal orthodontic care” and “misleading the public about orthodontic treatment” as the biggest influence in their view. Over 94% of respondents agreed that it is not within the standard of care to initiate orthodontic treatment without an in-person clinical exam or radiographs. Conclusion: Results suggest that dental professionals regard treatment rendered by DTC modalities not in the best interest of the public. Practical Implications: Dentists should be more active with educating patients about the impact of different dental treatment modalities.Indiana University School of Dentistr
S-matrix for magnons in the D1-D5 system
We show that integrability and symmetries of the near horizon geometry of the
D1-D5 system determine the S-matrix for the scattering of magnons with
polarizations in AdS3 S3 completely up to a phase. Using
semi-classical methods we evaluate the phase to the leading and to the one-loop
approximation in the strong coupling expansion. We then show that the phase
obeys the unitarity constraint implied by the crossing relations to the
one-loop order. We also verify that the dispersion relation obeyed by these
magnons is one-loop exact at strong coupling which is consistent with their BPS
nature.Comment: 40 pages, Latex, Role of Virasoro constraints clarified, version
matches with published versio
Phase diagram for non-axisymmetric plasma balls
Plasma balls and rings emerge as fluid holographic duals of black holes and
black rings in the hydrodynamic/gravity correspondence for the Scherk-Schwarz
AdS system. Recently, plasma balls spinning above a critical rotation were
found to be unstable against m-lobed perturbations. In the phase diagram of
stationary solutions the threshold of the instability signals a bifurcation to
a new phase of non-axisymmetric configurations. We find explicitly this family
of solutions and represent them in the phase diagram. We discuss the
implications of our results for the gravitational system. Rotating
non-axisymmetric black holes necessarily radiate gravitational waves. We thus
emphasize that it would be important, albeit possibly out of present reach, to
have a better understanding of the hydrodynamic description of gravitational
waves and of the gravitational interaction between two bodies. We also argue
that it might well be that a non-axisymmetric m-lobed instability is also
present in Myers-Perry black holes for rotations below the recently found
ultraspinning instability.Comment: 1+22 pages, 3 figures. v2: minor corrections and improvements,
matches published versio
Non-Hermitian Delocalization and Eigenfunctions
Recent literature on delocalization in non-Hermitian systems has stressed
criteria based on sensitivity of eigenvalues to boundary conditions and the
existence of a non-zero current. We emphasize here that delocalization also
shows up clearly in eigenfunctions, provided one studies the product of left-
and right-eigenfunctions, as required on physical grounds, and not simply the
squared modulii of the eigenfunctions themselves. We also discuss the right-
and left-eigenfunctions of the ground state in the delocalized regime and
suggest that the behavior of these functions, when considered separately, may
be viewed as ``intermediate'' between localized and delocalized.Comment: 8 pages, 11 figures include
"Single Ring Theorem" and the Disk-Annulus Phase Transition
Recently, an analytic method was developed to study in the large limit
non-hermitean random matrices that are drawn from a large class of circularly
symmetric non-Gaussian probability distributions, thus extending the existing
Gaussian non-hermitean literature. One obtains an explicit algebraic equation
for the integrated density of eigenvalues from which the Green's function and
averaged density of eigenvalues could be calculated in a simple manner. Thus,
that formalism may be thought of as the non-hermitean analog of the method due
to Br\'ezin, Itzykson, Parisi and Zuber for analyzing hermitean non-Gaussian
random matrices. A somewhat surprising result is the so called "Single Ring"
theorem, namely, that the domain of the eigenvalue distribution in the complex
plane is either a disk or an annulus. In this paper we extend previous results
and provide simple new explicit expressions for the radii of the eigenvalue
distiobution and for the value of the eigenvalue density at the edges of the
eigenvalue distribution of the non-hermitean matrix in terms of moments of the
eigenvalue distribution of the associated hermitean matrix. We then present
several numerical verifications of the previously obtained analytic results for
the quartic ensemble and its phase transition from a disk shaped eigenvalue
distribution to an annular distribution. Finally, we demonstrate numerically
the "Single Ring" theorem for the sextic potential, namely, the potential of
lowest degree for which the "Single Ring" theorem has non-trivial consequences.Comment: latex, 5 eps figures, 41 page
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