Religious Service Attendance and Volunteering: A Growth Curve Analysis

Despite methodological advances in studying the relationship between religious attendance and volunteering, its dynamic nature still needs to be elucidated. We apply growth curve modeling to examine whether trajectories of religious attendance and volunteering are related to each other over a 15-year period in a nationally representative sample from the Americans’ Changing Lives data (1986-2002). Multivariate results showed that the rates of change in religious attendance and volunteering were positively related, and excluding religious volunteering did not alter the finding. It was also found that the initial level of religious attendance was positively associated with the rate of increase in volunteer hours over the period. Mediation analyses revealed that participation in voluntary associations explained the dynamic relationships between religious attendance and volunteering. These results provide evidence that involvement in organized religion and volunteering are dual activities that change together over the adult life course

Tying Knots With Communities: Youth Involvement in Scouting and Civic Engagement in Adulthood

Using data from a nationally representative sample of American adult males (N = 2,512), this study examines (a) whether duration of membership in the Boy Scouts of America is associated with adult civic engagement and (b) whether five characteristics of positive youth development (confidence, competence, connection, character, and caring) account for the relationship between duration of Scouting membership and adult civic engagement. The results from structural equation modeling indicate that duration of participation in Scouting is positively associated with four indicators of civic engagement: community involvement, community volunteering, community activism, and environmental activism. Among the five positive characteristics, confidence and competence were found to fully mediate the effects of Scouting on all four types of civic engagement, whereas the other three only to partly mediate the effects

Eagle Scouts: Merit beyond the Badge

Previous studies have shown that participation in Scouting produces better citizens.6 And, there is no shortage of examples or anecdotal accounts that would affirm these findings. Surprisingly, however, there is very little scientific evidence to confirm the prosocial benefits associated with Scouting or earning the rank of Eagle Scout. Thus, the central question of this study is to determine if participation in Scouting and ultimately becoming an Eagle Scout is associated with prosocial behavior and positive youth development that carries over into young adulthood and beyond

품질 관리 및 분류 성능 향상을 위한 흉부 방사선 이미지 검사 네트워크

학위논문(석사) -- 서울대학교대학원 : 데이터사이언스대학원 데이터사이언스학과, 2022.2. 이승근.Predicting the presence of diseases in chest radiographs using deep learning methods is one of the most common medical imaging tasks. Recently, the performances of the state-of-the-art models outperformed the radiologists for some diseases. However, there are still many chest radiographs that even those state-of-the-art models cannot correctly classify. Some chest radiographs are either too difficult to classify or contain elements that are confusing to the models. This paper proposes a chest radiograph inspection network (CRI-Net), a deep learning method that quantifies how well or poorly a disease classification model will classify chest radiographs. Large dataset experiments showed that the method can perform quality control on chest radiographs and further can enhance the AUROC of the disease classification predictions for some diseases.딥러닝 방법론을 사용해 흉부 방사선 사진에서 질병의 존재를 예측하는 것은 가장 일반적인 의료 영상 작업 중 하나다. 최신 모델들은 일부 질병 분류에 대해 방사선 전문의를 능가할 정도로 발전했다. 그러나 이러한 모델로도 정확하게 분류할 수 없는 흉부 방사선 사진은 여전히 많다. 일부 흉부 방사선 사진은 분류하기에 너무 어렵거나 모델에게 혼동을 주는 요소를 갖고 있다. 본 논문은 질병 분류 모델이 흉부 방사선 사진을 얼마나 잘, 혹은 잘못 분류할지를 정량화하는 딥러닝 방법론인 흉부 방사선 사진 검사 네트워크(CRI-Net)를 제안한다. 대용량 데이터로 실험한 결과, 해당 방법론이 일부 질병에 대해 흉부 방사선 사진에 대한 품질 관리를 수행할 수 있고 질병 분류 예측 AUROC를 강화할 수 있음을 확인했다.Abstract i Contents ii List of Figures iv List of Tables v 1 Introduction 1 2 Related Works 3 3 Methods 5 3.1 Data 5 3.2 Disease Classification Model 5 3.3 Cross-Validation 7 3.4 DifficultyLabeling 7 3.5 CRI-Net 10 4 Experiments 12 4.1 Setup 12 4.2 Quality Control 12 4.3 AUROC Performance Boosting 13 5 Results 16 5.1 Quality Control 16 5.2 AUROC Performance Boosting 18 6 Discussion 20 Bibliography 22 초 록 24석

Reclaiming the Self: How Korean Housewives Make Meaning of their Reentry Experiences

Well-educated Korean women are returning to higher education in unprecedented numbers with the motivation of recovering their personal identity. The purpose of this qualitative study is to understand in what ways this experience is meaningful to these reentry women. In-depth interviews were conducted with 13 Korean full-time housewives aged 25 to 45 who already had a Bachelor’s degree yet enrolled as students at a four-year university, a graduate school, or a university-affiliated lifelong education center. The constant comparative method was employed for data analysis. The major finding of this study was that the experience of returning to university was meaningful for the participants in that they re-established themselves as independent individuals, broke their isolation, obtained a sense of accomplishment, gained recognition, and structured everyday life. These experiences are perceived meaningful because schooling addressed the sources of discontent in their lives of full-time housewive

Korean-Canadian Children’s Bilingualism: Language Positions and Supporting Factors Within and Beyond a Multi-Generational Ethnic Church

Adopting Bourdieu’s (1991) theoretical and analytic tools of field, habitus and capital, this year-long ethnographic case study examines the positions of the Korean and English languages at various levels within a multi-generational ethnic church. The research also identifies multiple levels of supporting factors of Korean-Canadian children’s bilingual development within and beyond this church. Data sources include classroom observations, interviews, curriculum materials, children’s artifacts, Korean government documents, as well as records of school meetings. In this study, the positions of Korean and English within the church are unveiled in the Korean and English ministries, which are closely linked to immigrant generations, and in the language use and socialization of children in the Grades 3 and 4 focus class. The positions of the languages within the church are influenced by the status of those languages beyond the church, demonstrating the close relationship between language and identity. This study also finds that the Korean language school in this church is a field in which the aims of the Korean government and Korean-Canadian immigrants intersect vis-à-vis heritage language education. For the Korean government, it is ultimately a field for strengthening national resources. For the church congregants, it is essentially for their heritage language and culture maintenance