Bis(2,4,6-triamino-1,3,5-triazin-1-ium) hydrogen phosphate trihydrate

In the title hydrated mol­ecular salt, 2C3H7N6 +·HPO4 2−·3H2O, three of the O atoms of the hydrogen phosphate anion are disordered over two positions, with relative occupancies of 0.763 (1) and 0.237 (1). In the crystal, the components are linked by N—H⋯N, N—H⋯O and O—H⋯O hydrogen bond

Struktura społeczna wsi w Królestwie Polskim

Zadanie pt. „Digitalizacja i udostępnienie w Cyfrowym Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego kolekcji czasopism naukowych wydawanych przez Uniwersytet Łódzki” nr 885/P-DUN/2014 zostało dofinansowane ze środków MNiSW w ramach działalności upowszechniającej naukę

The Tourist and Recreational Function of Mielno

W opracowaniu szczegółowej ocenie poddano zagospodarowanie turystyczne, użytkowanie ziemi oraz ruch turystyczny w celu określenia funkcji turystyczno-wypoczynkowej Mielna

The role of radiopharmaceuticals in diagnosis of melanoma malignum

Melanoma malignum belongs to the group of neoplasms with the highest lethality. Due to the continuous increase of incidence in numerous countries, this malignance has become a serious health problem. This highly aggressive neoplasm is a source of metastases to most organs and eo ipso of bad prognosis. Early detection of the primary tumour and of metastases creates a chance for optimal therapy. The methods of nuclear medicine are becoming more popular in diagnostics of melanomas because they offer advantages over traditional methods of anatomic imaging. Functional imaging, based on the use of modern radiopharmaceuticals frequently offers more successful identification and characterization of malignant neoplasms. Over the last few decades there have been numerous attempts to utilize, in the diagnostics of melanomas, a number of compounds labelled with radioactive nuclides. An accepted role in diagnosis of melanoma found a technique of lymphoscintigraphic mapping of lymphatic nodes and of detection of the sentinel node. In addition, modern positron emission tomography (PET) with use of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose has found acceptance in melanoma diagnostics. The present review refers to information on the presently used and potential new radiopharmaceuticals promising effective melanoma diagnostics

Doctor of Philosophy

dissertationType 2 isopentenyl diphosphate:dimethylallyl diphosphate isomerase (IDI-2) catalyzes the reversible conversion of isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) to dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP). The enzyme requires a divalent cation (Mg2+) and a reduced flavin mononucleotide (FMNred) cofactor to be catalytically active. To probe the role of FMNred, substrate analogues were incubated with enzyme-bound FMNred and analyzed under various conditions by UV-vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. The spectral characteristics indicated a covalent bond was formed between the analogues and flavin at either the C4a- or N5-position (dependent on the substrate analogues). Similar methodology was applied to study a flavin adduct that formed when IDI-2 was incubated with IPP or DMAPP. Furthermore, mass spectrometry demonstrated that this adduct was the result of a loss of inorganic diphosphate and yielded a single isoprene unit addition to flavin. Bond formation observed with many analogues and the natural substrates supports a role where flavin is involved with catalysis directly as a proton donor/acceptor and/or as a stabilizer of an intermediate. Additionally, the kinetic mechanism was established for the apo form of Streptococcus pneumoniae IDI-2, a potential antibacterial drug target. Bisubstrate studies (where IPP and FMN were varied) and competitive inhibition experiments (with a competitive inhibitor of both substrates) were employed to determine an ordered sequential mechanism, where FMN binds first. The kinetic data appeared sigmoidal and could only be fit when Hill coefficients where included in the mathematical models, particularly for FMN. The Hill coefficients were thoroughly evaluated statistically and their inclusion was determined to be significant, thus a possible cooperative or allosteric effect occurs upon the binding of FMN. These experiments suggest that allosteric inhibitors could be investigated to inactivate the S. pneumoniae IDI-2 enzyme. In a different application of statistics, transient kinetic isotope effect studies were evaluated using the bootstrap statistical technique. While statistically significant isotope effects were determined, the values were 100 % larger than expected. Thus, the technique was successful and identified an underlying problem with the experimental design during data collection

Pamięci profesora Zbigniewa Kuchowicza (1927-1991)

Zadanie pt. Digitalizacja i udostępnienie w Cyfrowym Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego kolekcji czasopism naukowych wydawanych przez Uniwersytet Łódzki nr 885/P-DUN/2014 zostało dofinansowane ze środków MNiSW w ramach działalności upowszechniającej naukę