Physical, physicochemical and nutritional profile of honey produced in nine localities in Côte d'Ivoire

Honey is a syrupy substance produced by bees, highly rich in monosaccharides (glucose, fructose), which give it a sweet flavor. In Côte d’Ivoire, there is very little information on the honey that is produced. The current work is to our knowledge the first of its kind. Its main objective is to assess the quality of the honey produced in nine localities in Côte d'Ivoire in terms of their physicochemical composition. All of the physicochemical characteristics (refractive index, total acidity, pH, viscosity, electrical conductivity and diastase index were within the limits established by the Codex Alimentarius Commission. The moisture content did not exceed 19.4%, which would indicate that the honey samples have long-term storage capacity and resistance to fermentation. The results were also distinguished by a high sugar content (78.60 - 83.80% of dry matter of honey), mentioning their maturity and nutritional value. In addition, the sucrose content was between 2.14 and 7.61%. Honey's total acidity index found between 7.50 and 24.20 meq/kg, is a proof of their bactericidal activity. The low HMF content (< 60 mg/kg) of most of samples taken reflects their good technological treatment and good quality. The content of fat (0.41 to 0.78 mg/100g) and protein (0.88 to 3.50%) certifies their acceptable nutritional qualities, with a significant energy value (from 396.39 to 402.70 kcal/100g of honey). Thus, the honey collected on Ivorian territory actually meets the requirements of the standards proposed by the Codex Alimentarius Commission.Keywords: Natural honey, physical parameters, physicochemical characteristics, nutritional properties, Côte d'Ivoire

LANNEA BARTERI ENGL. (ANACARDIACEAE) PLANT USED IN THE TREATMENT OF URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS IN IVORY COAST: BIOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL STUDIES OF THE AQUEOUS EXTRACT

Objective: This research aims to evaluate the antibacterial activity and determine the chemical composition of the aqueous extract of the bark of Lannea barteri Engl. (DA) used in the traditional treatment of urinary tract infections in the Ivory Coast. Methods: The material is composed of DA, the bacterial strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii, isolated from the urine of patients from different hospitals and subsequently stored. The qualitative analysis was performed using color-based detection tests and thin layer chromatography (TLC) reactions and the quantification of total phenols, flavonoids, flavone aglycones and anthocyanins using the method of Folin Ciocalteu. The method of diffusion on Mueller Hinton (MH) agar medium has been used for sensitivity tests. Results: The phytochemical screening of DA has revealed the presence of polyphenols, terpenes, and derivatives, coumarins, tannins, flavonoids, and alkaloids. Furthermore, the quantification of some polyphenols such as flavonoids, flavone aglycones, and anthocyanins was determined. The total polyphenols found was 0.757±0.003 mg/g MS representing respectively; 0.230±0.01 for flavonoids; 0.028±0.02 for flavone aglycones and 0.016±0.02 mg/g MS for anthocyanins. DA is bactericidal against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii, which are mainly responsible for urinary tract infections. Conclusion: The bark of Lannea barteri Engl. (DA) is rich in flavonoids, flavone aglycones, and anthocyanins which are probably responsible for its antibacterial properties on Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii. This research thereby supports the use of this plant in the treatment of urinary tract infections

Physiological mechanism of resistance antibiosis to anthracnose of different Manihot varieties

Cassava is one of the main food crops in Africa, particularly in Côte d'Ivoire. However, the cultivated varieties are prone to attack by diseases. The present work focused on the role of phenolic and in particular flavonoid resistance markers in the Manihot esculenta-Colletotrichum gloeosporioides pathosystem. The aim was to elucidate the involvement of flavonoid antibiosis in the natural defense of three cultivars of M. esculenta when confronted with attacks by C. gloeosporioides. The quantitative dosage approach for total phenolics and flavonoids as well as the identification of flavonoid antibiosis have been carried out. The results revealed that the cultivars 9620A, TMS30572 and YACE of M. esculenta have, after the C. gloeosporioides inoculation tests, reacted early 2 days after inoculation (JAI) and accumulated relatively high levels of antibiosis phenolic and flavonoid 9JAI. The three cultivars accumulated constitutive flavonoid antibiosis and 3 neosynthesized antibiosis from 7JAI to 9JAI. The accumulation of flavonoid antibacterials neosynthesized in the stems and in the leaves testify to the expression of a systemic resistance of the cassava plants. The cultivars 9620A and TMS30572 are more tolerant than cultivar YACE. This study approach has made it possible to discriminate between cultivars and can therefore be used as a complementary selection tool to traditional selection tests.Keywords: Manihot esculenta, anthracnose, flavonoïd antibisis, glyphosate

STUDY OF CRUDE EXTRACTS FROM CASSIA SIEBERIANA ROOT BARK AND KHAYA GRANDIFOLIOLA TRUNK BARK: PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING, QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS AND RADICAL SCAVENGING ACTIVITY

International audienceObjective: Cassia sieberiana and Khaya grandifoliola are two plants commonly used in traditional medicine in Côte d’Ivoire. Photochemical screening of crud extract obtained from C. sieberiana root bark and K. grandifoliola trunk bark revealed the presence of alkaloids, sterols, terpenes, polyphenols, flavonoids, coumarins, tannins, reducing sugars, glycosides, carbohydrates, cardiac glycosides and saponins.Methods: Quantitative analysis was screened in C. sieberiana root bark and K. grandifoliola trunk bark.Results: The results respectively showed high concentrations of total phenols (225.57±7.57 and 186.75±12.76 μgGAE/mg), total flavonoids (64.70±5.25 and 117.88±8, 68 μgQE/mg) and total tannins (170.60±5.85 and 39.96±1, 58 μgTAE/mg). The antioxidant activity of the glycosides extracts CS1, KG1 and their corresponding aglycones CS2, KG2 of these plants has been studied by scavenging free radicals by DPPH and that, compared with L-ascorbic acid (vitamin C, IC 50 = 0.07 μg/ml). IC 50 values of CS1 (2.69 μg/ml), KG1 (3.16 μg/ml) and CS2 (1.30 μg/ml), KG2 (0.726 μg/ml) showed that the aglycones are clearly more effective than the glycosides.Conclusion: Qualitative analysis of Cassia sieberiana root bark and Khaya grandifoliola trunk bark showed a presence of a variety of secondar

A practical multi-step synthesis of ethyl N-functionalized β-amino benzimidazole acrylate derivatives as promising cytotoxic agents

International audienceA series of 16 new ethyl [Formula: see text]-amino benzimidazole acrylate derivatives 12(a-p) with a (2E)-s-cis/trans conformation and bearing two points of diversity was designed and synthesized by using a multi-step strategy (reductive amination, deprotection in acidic media and transamination) in moderate to good yields from ethyl 3-dimethylamino-2-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)acrylate (5) and monosubstituted N-Boc diamines (7a,7b) as starting building blocks. Products 12 were evaluated for their in vitro cytotoxic potential against six selected human cell lines (Huh7-D12, Caco2, MDA-MB231, HCT116, PC3 and NCI-H727). Compounds 12a, 12e and 12l exhibited selective and micromolar antitumor activities against Huh7-D12 and Caco2 cell lines

Analysis of a Rutaceae fat matter from Côte d’Ivoire

International audienceThe fat matter from Afraegle paniculata has been extracted from its almonds by means of a Soxhlet apparatus withhexane (38.4% average grade). This is unconventional golden yellow colored oil, mainly consisting of 48.56% oleicacid, 19.52% stearic acid, palmitic acid 17.95% and 12.06% of linoleic acid. This oil presents itself like a source ofessential fatty acids. Its content of unsaponifiable matter is 1.325%. Its Physical characteristics namely density(0.8844), the refractive index (1.468), were determined following the IUPAC standardized methods. Thesaponification value (200.55), acid value (2.08), ester value (197.75), iodine number (105.75), peroxide number(3.43) and the lower calorific value (39518.88 kJ/kg) evaluated according to the standardized methods, meet thephysicochemical properties of this oil that confer its nutritional quality

Influence de la floraison sur la composition chimique et l’activité anti sinusite de l’huile essentielle des feuilles de Diphasia klaineana Pierre (Rutaceae) de Côte d’Ivoire

Objectifs: Cette recherche vise à montrer l’impact de la floraison sur la composition chimique de l’huile essentielle (HE) des feuilles de Diphasia klaineana ainsi que sa propriété anti sinusite in vitro.Méthodologie et résultats: Les huiles essentielles des feuilles de Diphasia klaineana avant la floraison (H1) et pendant la floraison (H2) ont été analysées par chromatographie en phase gazeuse couplée à la spectrométrie de masse (CPG/SM) et leur propriété anti sinusite évaluée contre Staphylococcus aureus par la méthode de diffusion par disque. Ainsi 38 molécules ont été identifiées, représentant 89,17% et 94,10% des constituants respectivement de H1 et H2 avec 8 composés majoritaires dont le sabinène et le β-élémol. Les monoterpènes hydrocarbonés sont plus abondants dans H1 (45,88%) que dans H2 (34,61%). H2 est plus riche en sesquiterpènes oxygénés (56,95%) que H1 (38,36%). Seulement H1 a une activité bactéricide contre Staphylococcus aureus avec une CMI= 1,25 mg/mL.Conclusion et application des résultats: Les résultats obtenus ont montré d’une part une variabilité qualitative et quantitative de la composition chimique de HE des feuilles au cours du développement reproducteur de Diphasia klaineana : H1 est plus riche en monoterpènes hydrocarbonés et H2 est riche en sesquiterpènes oxygénés. D’autre part l’évaluation de l’activité antibactérienne sur Staphylococcus aureus a été conduite aux fins de suivre l’évolution de l’activité antisinusite de des feuilles de Diphasia klaineana contre Staphylococcus aureus avant et pendant la floraison. Les résultats obtenus ont montré que seule l’huile essentielle des feuilles avant la floraison (H1) a des propriétés bactéricides. En revanche, pour une meilleure prise en charge de la sinusite, les acteurs de la médecine traditionnelle doivent utiliser les feuilles de Diphasia klaineana avant la floraison en bain de vapeur.Mots clés: Diphasia klaineana, floraison, huile essentielle, activité bactéricideEnglish Title:  Effect of flowering on the chemical composition and anti-sinusitis activity of the essential oil of the leaves of Diphasia klaineana Pierre (Rutaceae) from Ivory CoastEnglish AbstractObjective: this study aims to show the influence of flowering on the chemical composition of the essential oil of the leaves of Diphasia klaineana as well as on its anti-sinusitis property in vitro.Methodology and Results: The essential oil of Diphasia klaineana leaves before flowering (H1) and during flowering (H2) were analyzed by gas chromatographymass spectrometry (GC-MS) and evaluated their antisinusitis property against Staphylococcus aureus by the disk diffusion method. So 38 constituents have been identified, representing 89.17% and 94.10% of the constituents respectively of H1 and H2 with 8 major compounds including sabinene and β-elemol. Hydrocarbon monoterpenes are more abundant in H1 (45.88%) than in H2 (34.61%). In contrast, H2 (56.95%) is richer in oxygenated sesquiterpenes than H1 (38.36%). In addition, only H1 has a bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus aureus with a MIC = 1.25 mg / ml.Conclusion and application of results: The results obtained showed on the one hand a qualitative and quantitative variability of the chemical composition of HE of the leaves during the reproductive development of Diphasia klaineana: H1 is richer in hydrocarbon monoterpenes and H2 is rich in oxygenated sesquiterpenes. On the other hand, the evaluation of the antibacterial activity on Staphylococcus aureus was conducted to follow the evolution of the antisinusite activity of leaves of Diphasia klaineana against Staphylococcus aureus before and during flowering. The results obtained made it possible to identify the harvest period for the traditional treatment of sinusitis, which corresponds to the high content of hydrocarbon monoterpenes. Our work has thus made it possible to highlight the chemical composition of HE of the leaves of Diphasia klaineana never studied and to evaluate the antisinusite activity of HEs before and during flowering.Keywords: Diphasia klaineana, flowering, essential oil, bactericidal activit

Squalene and ß-sitosterol from Afraegle paniculata unsaponifiable

International audienc

Composition organique et activité anti-radicalaire de Bombax costatum de Côte d’Ivoire

International audienceL’utilisation traditionnelle des feuilles de Bombax costatum dans le traitement des troubles mentaux et l’absence d’informations relatives à la phytochimie de cette plante, nous a incités à réaliser le présent travail. Le criblage phytochimique des extraits sélectifs des feuilles de B. costatum à l’aide de la chromatographie sur couche mince (CCM) a permis d’identifier ses principes actifs secondaires au nombre desquels les flavonoïdes, les coumarines, les anthocyanes, les stérols, les terpènes, les alcaloïdes et les tanins. En sus, l’activité anti-radicalaire vis-à-vis du radical DPPH de l’extrait brut hydrométhanolique de cette plante, a été quantifiée par spectrophotométrie. L’analyse GC-MS dudit extrait a révélé la présence des acides p-hydroxybenzoïque, vanillique, isophtalique, protocatéchique et gallique

Preliminary phytochemical screening and protective effect of Erythrina Senegalensis in an in vivo mouse model of Alzheimer's disease

International audienceErythrina senegalensis is a therapeutic plant selective extracts from bark of of the African Pharmacopoeia, widely used E. senegalensis by identification tests, and by populations in the treatment many evaluated its anti-radical activity (DPPH pathologies, including mental disorders and test) and compared to vitamin C. Finally, we cognitive impairments. We qualitatively examined its neuroprotective potential in analyzed crude methanol, acidic extracts and vivo in a pharmacological mouse model of Alzheimer's disease at the behavioral and biochemical level. The neuroprotective activity was evaluated in vivo in mice intracerebroventricularly injected with oligomeric amyloid-β25-35 peptide. The different tests were analyzed and compared to donepezil, anacetylcholinesteraseinhibitor. Sterols, terpenes, coumarins, alkaloids, flavonoids, polyphenolstannins were identified in the plant. The best inhibitory profile of DPPH radical was observed for the chloroform extract. The crude methanol extract had high neuroprotective activities in vivo