Germline bias dictates cross-serotype reactivity in a common dengue-virus-specific CD8(+) T cell response.

Adaptive immune responses protect against infection with dengue virus (DENV), yet cross-reactivity with distinct serotypes can precipitate life-threatening clinical disease. We found that clonotypes expressing the T cell antigen receptor (TCR) β-chain variable region 11 (TRBV11-2) were 'preferentially' activated and mobilized within immunodominant human-leukocyte-antigen-(HLA)-A*11:01-restricted CD8(+) T cell populations specific for variants of the nonstructural protein epitope NS3133 that characterize the serotypes DENV1, DENV3 and DENV4. In contrast, the NS3133-DENV2-specific repertoire was largely devoid of such TCRs. Structural analysis of a representative TRBV11-2(+) TCR demonstrated that cross-serotype reactivity was governed by unique interplay between the variable antigenic determinant and germline-encoded residues in the second β-chain complementarity-determining region (CDR2β). Extensive mutagenesis studies of three distinct TRBV11-2(+) TCRs further confirmed that antigen recognition was dependent on key contacts between the serotype-defined peptide and discrete residues in the CDR2β loop. Collectively, these data reveal an innate-like mode of epitope recognition with potential implications for the outcome of sequential exposure to heterologous DENVs

Dodecaamide Cages: Organic 12-Arm Building Blocks for Supramolecular Chemistry

A simple, one-step amidation reaction is used to produce a range of 12-arm organic building blocks for supramolecular chemistry via the derivatization of porous imine cages. As an example, microporous dendrimers are prepared

Dodecaamide Cages: Organic 12-Arm Building Blocks for Supramolecular Chemistry

A simple, one-step amidation reaction is used to produce a range of 12-arm organic building blocks for supramolecular chemistry via the derivatization of porous imine cages. As an example, microporous dendrimers are prepared

Dodecaamide Cages: Organic 12-Arm Building Blocks for Supramolecular Chemistry

A simple, one-step amidation reaction is used to produce a range of 12-arm organic building blocks for supramolecular chemistry via the derivatization of porous imine cages. As an example, microporous dendrimers are prepared

Dodecaamide Cages: Organic 12-Arm Building Blocks for Supramolecular Chemistry

A simple, one-step amidation reaction is used to produce a range of 12-arm organic building blocks for supramolecular chemistry via the derivatization of porous imine cages. As an example, microporous dendrimers are prepared

Dodecaamide Cages: Organic 12-Arm Building Blocks for Supramolecular Chemistry

A simple, one-step amidation reaction is used to produce a range of 12-arm organic building blocks for supramolecular chemistry via the derivatization of porous imine cages. As an example, microporous dendrimers are prepared

Dodecaamide Cages: Organic 12-Arm Building Blocks for Supramolecular Chemistry

A simple, one-step amidation reaction is used to produce a range of 12-arm organic building blocks for supramolecular chemistry via the derivatization of porous imine cages. As an example, microporous dendrimers are prepared

Controlling the crystallization of porous organic cages: molecular analogs of isoreticular frameworks using shape-specific directing solvents

Small structural changes in organic molecules can have a large influence on solid-state crystal packing, and this often thwarts attempts to produce isostructural series of crystalline solids. For metal–organic frameworks and covalent organic frameworks, this has been addressed by using strong, directional intermolecular bonding to create families of isoreticular solids. Here, we show that an organic directing solvent, 1,4-dioxane, has a dominant effect on the lattice energy for a series of organic cage molecules. Inclusion of dioxane directs the crystal packing for these cages away from their lowest-energy polymorphs to form isostructural, 3-dimensional diamondoid pore channels. This is a unique function of the size, chemical function, and geometry of 1,4-dioxane, and hence, a noncovalent auxiliary interaction assumes the role of directional coordination bonding or covalent bonding in extended crystalline frameworks. For a new cage, CC13, a dual, interpenetrating pore structure is formed that doubles the gas uptake and the surface area in the resulting dioxane-directed crystals

<i>In silico</i> Design of Supramolecules from Their Precursors: Odd–Even Effects in Cage-Forming Reactions

We synthesize a series of imine cage molecules where increasing the chain length of the alkanediamine precursor results in an odd–even alternation between [2 + 3] and [4 + 6] cage macrocycles. A computational procedure is developed to predict the thermodynamically preferred product and the lowest energy conformer, hence rationalizing the observed alternation and the 3D cage structures, based on knowledge of the precursors alone