Reconstructing the Boundary of a Web Document

Documents found on the World Wide Web (WWW) may be composed of a single web page, or several web pages that are linked together by a table of contents or some other commonly known document construct. When a document spans multiple web pages, it is often inconvenient to print or download the entire document using available tools. This thesis introduces a concept called the document boundary to facilitate representation and analysis of multi-page web documents, and suggests a two-phase approach towards automated identification of document boundaries. In the first phase, individual pages are examined to determine which links are most likely to represent an intra-document link. This procedure is applied recursively to identify a group of candidate pages which may be part of the same document. In the second phase, the link topology and other features of the identified pages are examined in aggregate for indications of a multi-page document. A test suite of both single- and multi-page web documents was assembled using a mixture of handpicked documents and documents which were gathered by an arbitrary third party. The document boundary detection system was applied to the main page of each document. The document boundary detection system was able to achieve a success rate of 73% when its results were compared to the ground truth documents

Assessment of the microbial communities associated with white syndrome and brown jelly syndrome in aquarium corals

Bacterial and ciliate assemblages associated with aquarium corals displaying white syndrome (WS) and brown jelly syndrome (BJS) were investigated. Healthy (n = 10) and diseased corals (WS n = 18; BJS n = 3) were analysed for 16S rRNA gene bacterial diversity, total bacterial abundance and vibrio-specific 16S rRNA gene abundance. This was conducted alongside analysis of 18S rRNA gene sequenc-ing targeting ciliates, a group of organisms largely overlooked for their potential as causal agents of coral disease. Despite significant differences between healthy and diseased corals in their 16S rRNA gene bacterial diversity, total bacterial abundance and vibrio-specific rRNA gene abundance, no domi-nant bacterial ribotypes were found consistently within the diseased samples. In contrast, one ciliate morphotype, named Morph 3 in this study (GenBank Accession Numbers JF831358 for the ciliate isolated from WS and JF831359 for the ciliate isolated from BJS) was observed to burrow into and underneath the coral tissues at the disease lesion in both disease types and contained algal endosym-bionts indicative of coral tissue ingestion. This ciliate was observed in larger numbers in BJS compared to WS, giving rise to the characteristic jelly like substance in BJS. Morph 3 varied by only 1 bp over 549 bp from the recently described Morph 1 ciliate (GenBank Accession No. JN626268), which has been shown to be present in field samples of WS and Brown Band Disease (BrB) in the Indo-Pacific. This result indicates a close relationship between these aquarium diseases and those observed in the wild

Hybrid TiO2 Solar Cells Produced from Aerosolized Nanoparticles of Water-Soluble Polythiophene Electron Donor Layer

Hybrid solar cells (HSCs) with water soluble polythiophene sodium poly[2-(3-thienyl)-ethyloxy-4-butylsulfonate] (PTEBS) thin films produced using electrospray deposition (ESD) were fabricated, tested, and modeled and compared to devices produced using conventional spin coating. A single device structure of FTO/TiO2/PTEBS/Au was used to study the effects of ESD of the PTEBS layer on device performance. ESD was found to increase the short circuit current density (Jsc) by a factor of 2 while decreasing the open circuit voltage (Voc) by half compared to spin coated PTEBS films. Comparable efficiencies of 0.009% were achieved from both device construction types. Current-voltage curves were modeled using the characteristic solar cell equation and showed a similar increase in generated photocurrent with an increase by two orders of magnitude in the saturation current in devices from ESD films. Increases in Jsc are attributed to an increase in the interfacial contact area between the TiO2 and PTEBS layers, while decreases in Voc are attributed to incomplete film formation from ESD

A Preliminary Study of the Attitudes and Barriers of Family Physicians to Prescribing HIV Preexposure Prophylaxis

Introduction. Attitudes of individuals who provide HIV caretowards prescribing Preexposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) to at-riskpopulations have been studied, but few studies indicate if familyphysicians would be willing to prescribe PrEP as most familyphysicians do not specialize in HIV medicine. Few data existon the perceived barriers preventing family physicians fromprescribing PrEP. The purpose of this project was to assess theattitudes and perceived barriers of family physicians in Kansastowards prescribing PrEP to high risk patient populations. Methods. This study was a descriptive, observational,and cross-sectional survey of family physicians who respondto email surveys issued through the Family MedicineResearch and Data Information Office (FM RADIO). Results. Fifty-three percent of family physicians take a sexualhistory on new patients less than frequently, and only35% frequently ask about the use of safe sex practices. Only29% frequently ask if the patient has sex with men, women,or both. Seventy-six percent of respondents would be willingto prescribe PrEP to men who have sex with men, and anequal percentage would be willing to prescribe to heterosexuallyactive men and women who are at substantial risk of acquiringHIV. While 59% of participants agreed that PrEP belongsin the primary care domain of treatment, 71% agreedthat they had limited or no knowledge of PrEP guidelines. Conclusions. This preliminary study indicated a need for increasedfamily physician screening of new patients for high risksexual behaviors who would be eligible for PrEP. The limitedknowledge of PrEP guidelines and its use in clinical practiceare significant limiting factors to increasing prescribing practicesin the family medicine community rather than a perceivedethical dilemma of prescribing PrEP to men who have sex withmen. As a result, an increase in continuing medical educationabout PrEP could significantly increase its prescribing inthe family medicine community. KS J Med 2017;10(2):40-42

James M. Sweet Correspondence

Entries include a typed introductory letter to Sweet about the Maine Author Collection from the Maine State Library, a typed letter of presentation from Sweet, a typed biography Facts About Me concerning his published works, collecting used sets of encyclopedias, the supernatural, and poetic correspondence with U.S. soldiers in Vietnam, and a typed composition with reference to gospel tracts, songs, and a diary written by Sweet, in response to film and theater productions of A Streetcar Named Desire

Completing the life cycle of a broadcast spawning coral in a closed mesocosm

Studies of broadcast spawning in corals are fundamental to our understanding of early life history characteristics, reproductive biology, restoration etc. Spawning of corals for research is routinely conducted, but this is mostly restricted to sites adjacent to reefs and from broodstock collected from the wild just prior to gamete release. Only recently has it been possible to induce predictable broadcast spawning in an ex situ environment, and nobody has successfully closed the life cycle (i.e., production of an F2 generation) of these corals. Here, for the first time, we closed the life cycle of the broadcast spawning coral Acropora millepora in a fully closed ex situ mesocosm. This breakthrough has numerous implications for our understanding of reproductive biology, specifically it offers potential to deepen our understanding of the genetic influence on adaptive traits such as heat tolerance, growth and disease resistance over multiple generations