THE EFFECTS OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE ON THE EMPLOYEES MOTIVATION IN CHILD-FOCUSED NGOs WITHIN KAJIADO WEST, KENYA

Organizational culture plays an immense role in the performance of any company or business. This is because it enables the organization to prioritize its goals and then structure itself to meet those goals. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of organizational culture on employee’s motivation, in child-focused NGOs within Kajiado West Sub County. The objectives of the research entailed: to examine the effects of team-oriented culture on employee motivation in child-focused organizations in Kajiado West Sub County; to assess the influence of outcome orientation on employee motivation in child-focused organizations in Kajiado west Sub County; and to analyze the effects of innovation on employee motivation in child-focused organizations in Kajiado West Sub County. The study was guided by the theories of Goal-setting, Equity and Expectancy. Target population of the study was 319 employees of both ChildFund Kenya and Compassion International, of which purposive sampling was used to get the two child- focused organizations. A sample size of 96 respondents was chosen using simple random sampling method. Lastly the researcher used stratified sampling to group respondents consisting of management committee, program/ sponsorship offices, finance and registered members of NGO’s in Kajiado West. The study adopted a mixed method research design and questionnaires used as tools for data collection. The quantitative data coded in SPSS was analyzed using thematic analysis while the qualitative data from interviews managed through descriptive analysis. The study established that team orientation, outcome orientation and innovation played a major role in the motivation of employees working in child- focused NGOs in Kajiado West. The study is available for reference to benefit policy makers, managers of the NGOs and scholars in management. Article visualizations

The Genetic Use Restriction Technologies, Intellectual Property Rights and Sustainable Development in Eastern and Southern Africa

support of the ICTSD-UNCTAD Project on IPRs and Sustainable Development. Readers are encouraged to quote and reproduce this material for educational, non-profit purposes, provided the source is acknowledged. All views and opinions expressed remain solely those of the authors and do not purport to reflect the views of TRALAC, ICTSD or UNCTAD or funding institutions. Acknowledgement Funding for the TRALAC-ICTSD Project on Intellectual Property Rights, Innovation and Sustainable Development in Eastern and Southern Africa has been generously provided by UNCTAD/ICTSD project on IPRs and Sustainable Development. The broad aim of this Project is to improve the understanding of intellectual property rights related issues among developing countries and to assist them in building their capacity for ongoing as well as future negotiations on intellectual property rights (IPRs). For details on the activities of the UNCTAD/ICTSD Project and all available material, se

Sexually transmitted infections among HIV-infected adults in HIV care programs in Kenya: A national sample of HIV clinics

BACKGROUND: Identifying sexually transmitted infections (STI) in HIV-infected individuals has potential to benefit individual and public health. There are few guidelines regarding routine STI screening in sub-Saharan African HIV programs. We determined sexual risk behavior and prevalence and correlates of STI in a national survey of large HIV treatment programs in Kenya. METHODS: A mobile screening team visited 39 (95%) of the 42 largest HIV care programs in Kenya and enrolled participants using population-proportionate systematic sampling. Participants provided behavioral and clinical data. Genital and blood specimens were tested for trichomoniasis, gonorrhea, chlamydia, syphilis, and CD4 T-lymphocyte counts. RESULTS: Among 1661 adults, 41% reported no sexual partners in the past 3 months. Among those who reported sex in the past 3 months, 63% of women reported condom use during this encounter compared with 77% of men (P < 0.001). Trichomoniasis was the most common STI in women (10.9%) and men (2.8%); prevalences of gonorrhea, chlamydia, and syphilis were low (<1%–2%). Among women, younger age (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 0.96 per year; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.94–0.98) and primary school education or lower level (adjusted OR, 2.16; 95% CI, 1.37–3.40) were independently associated with trichomoniasis, whereas CD4 count, cotrimoxazole use, and reported condom use were not. Reported condom use at last sex was associated with reporting that the clinic provided condoms among both women (OR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.17–2.35) and men (OR, 2.4; 95% CI, 1.18–4.82). CONCLUSIONS: Women attending Kenyan HIV care programs had a 10.9% prevalence of trichomoniasis, suggesting that screening for this infection may be useful. Condom provision at clinics may enhance secondary HIV prevention efforts

Total number of secondary key informant interviews, by province.

<p>The figure shows the total number of secondary key informants interviewed within each province to identify spots frequented by FSW.</p

Population of towns with over 5,000 population and mapping coverage, by province.

a<p>Number of towns shown in parentheses.</p

Proportional distribution of FSW population by typology of spot.

<p>The figure shows percentage distribution of estimated FSW population within each province by the types of spots from which they operate.</p

Number of key informants by type of key informant and by state.

<p>Number of key informants by type of key informant and by state.</p