Surgical Technique for Release of Anterior Interval Scarring of the Knee After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction

Postoperative scarring is a known complication after arthroscopic anterior ligament reconstruction of the knee. The anterior interval of the knee has been previously identified as a common location for anterior scar formation. The anterior interval is defined as the space between the infrapatellar fat pad and the anterior border of the tibia. Patients with anterior interval scarring often present with lack of terminal knee extension, anterior knee pain, decreased patellar mobility, and quadriceps atrophy. The goal of this paper is to describe the technique for anterior interval release of the knee

Open Repair of Acute Proximal Adductor Magnus Avulsion

Hip adduction is accomplished through coordinated effort of the adductor magnus, brevis, and longus and the obturator externus and pectineus muscles. Each of these muscles may be injured at its proximal or distal insertion or in its midsubstance. The incidence of injuries to the adductor complex is difficult to determine in sport because of players' underreporting and playing through minor strains. The most commonly injured adductor muscle is the adductor longus muscle. The injury most frequently occurs at the proximal or distal musculotendinous junction, but several case reports of origin and insertional ruptures of the adductor longus exist in the literature. Successful outcomes have been obtained with both operative and nonoperative approaches in these cases. Reports of isolated proximal avulsion of the adductor magnus are less common. This article describes our surgical technique for management of a rare acute proximal adductor magnus avulsion

Characterization of graphene films grown on CuNi foil substrates

The electronic properties of graphene films depend on the number of atomic layers and the stacking sequence between the layers. One method of growing graphene films that are more than one atomic layer thick is by chemical vapor deposition on metal substrates that have non-negligible carbon solubility. This allows precipitation of carbon from the bulk during the cooling phase of the growth process. In this study, graphene films were grown on foil substrates composed of a CuNi alloy with a nominal bulk composition of 90:10 by weight. To determine the average thickness of the graphene films, angle-resolved X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used. For films grown at 1050 ??C for 5, 25, and 50 min on the CuNi substrates, thicknesses of 1.06 ?? 0.14, 1.19 ?? 0.13, and 1.87 ?? 0.13 monolayers were measured, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy was used to measure the growth morphology of the graphene films and provided a method of confirming the coverages determined by the analysis of the photoemission data. Ultra-violet Raman spectroscopy measurements were also performed on the graphene films, and it was found that the G-peak intensity increases and the frequency decreases with graphene thicknessclose0