Simulation of Thermal Stratification and Salinity Using the Ce-Qual-W2 Model (Case Study: Mamloo Dam)

Due to the shortage of fresh water, the quality of stored water in reservoirs has become increasingly important. Thermal regime and salinity are factors that affect the quality of water reservoirs. These two parameters were studied in Mamloo Dam in Tehran province. This dam has recently started to be uses as a source of drinking water for Tehran and thus its water quality is of increased importance. In this regard, the hydrodynamic model for 2014 to 2015 was built and calibrated by the CE-QUAL-W2 model and the model was used to simulate the thermal regime and salinity up to 2020. Two main scenarios were studied in this period, the continuation of the current situation or a 2.5% increase in water requirements and 5% decrease in discharge. The results show that the reservoir will experience thermal stratification in the summer and vertical mixing in the winter. Dased on these results Mamloo reservoir is in branch of warm Monomictic lake. Also results showed that thermal stratification and ssalinity stratification dominates simultaneity. Besides this issue with 2.5% increase in water requirements and 5% decrease in discharge, duration of summer thermal stratification will decrease although intensity of thermal stratification will increase

The upper normal limit of serum alanine aminotransferase in Golestan Province, Northeast Iran

Background: The objective of this study was to determine the upper normal limit of serum alanine aminotransferase level in a population-based study in Golestan Province, northeast Iran. Methods: From the randomly invited individuals (2,292), 698 out of the 916 males and 1,351 out of the 1,376 females participated in the study (participation rate: 76.2 and 98.1, respectively). One hundred and twenty-one participants were excluded due to positive hepatitis B surface antigen or hepatitis C virus antibody and/or drinking more than 20 grams of alcohol per day. A total of 1,928 participants (1300 females) were included. The upper normal limit of serum alanine aminotransferase level was defined as the 95th percentile. Results: The upper normal limit of serum alanine aminotransferase level in normal weight and nondiabetics was significantly lower than the total study group (36 versus 45 U/L). Serum alanine aminotransferase level was independently associated with male gender, body mass index, and diabetes mellitus (OR=2.05; 95Cl: 1.44 - 2.94, OR=2.76; 95Cl: 1.84 - 4.13, and OR=2.96; 95Cl: 1.56-5.61, respectively). Conclusion: Considering the lower calculated upper normal limit in normal weight nondiabetic participants in this study, we recommend setting new upper normal limit for serum alanine aminotransferase level, It seems reasonable to set upper normal limit for serum alanine aminotransferase level in males and females separately

The upper normal limit of serum alanine aminotransferase in Golestan Province, Northeast Iran

Background: The objective of this study was to determine the upper normal limit of serum alanine aminotransferase level in a population-based study in Golestan Province, northeast Iran. Methods: From the randomly invited individuals (2,292), 698 out of the 916 males and 1,351 out of the 1,376 females participated in the study (participation rate: 76.2 and 98.1, respectively). One hundred and twenty-one participants were excluded due to positive hepatitis B surface antigen or hepatitis C virus antibody and/or drinking more than 20 grams of alcohol per day. A total of 1,928 participants (1300 females) were included. The upper normal limit of serum alanine aminotransferase level was defined as the 95th percentile. Results: The upper normal limit of serum alanine aminotransferase level in normal weight and nondiabetics was significantly lower than the total study group (36 versus 45 U/L). Serum alanine aminotransferase level was independently associated with male gender, body mass index, and diabetes mellitus (OR=2.05; 95Cl: 1.44 - 2.94, OR=2.76; 95Cl: 1.84 - 4.13, and OR=2.96; 95Cl: 1.56-5.61, respectively). Conclusion: Considering the lower calculated upper normal limit in normal weight nondiabetic participants in this study, we recommend setting new upper normal limit for serum alanine aminotransferase level, It seems reasonable to set upper normal limit for serum alanine aminotransferase level in males and females separately

Jender dalam perspektif Nasaruddin Umar / H Jamali Sahrodi MA and Amin Maulana

Gerakan Kesetaraan Jender (Gender Equality Movement) merupakan respons kaum feminis terhadap ketimpangan sikap sosial terhadap kaum wanita. Keberadaannya, bukanlah menjadi saingan kaum pria. Namun lebih mengedepankan kesetaraan hubungan antara pria-wanita. Perbedaan bologis antara pria dan wanita merupakan kodrat yang bersifat anugerah (taken for granted). Kesetaraan jender menilik pada relasi yang memberi peluang dan peran yang sama antara pria dan wanita. Kelemahan, keterbelakangan dan kondisi yang kurang menguntungkan bagi wanita—sejatinya—bukanlah kodratnya namun lebih disebabkan oleh kesempatan dan peluang untuk mengembangkan diri yang terbatas. Kenyataan berubah bahwa wanita dapat meraih prestasi sebagaimana yang pernah diraih kaum pria setelah diberikan kesempatan dan peluang berpendidikan dan berkarya. Jadi, label dan penyematan wanita lebih bodoh, lemah dan terbelakang dari kaum pria merupakan mitos hasil konstruk sosial. Konstruks sosial ini dapat berubah setelah kesempatan, peran dan peluang diberikan secara sama kepada kaum wanita dan pria

Emergence of world-stock-market network

In the age of globalization, it is natural that the stock market of each country is not independent form the other markets. In this case, collective behavior could be emerged form their dependency together. This article studies the collective behavior of a set of forty influential markets in the world economy with the aim of exploring a global financial structure that could be called world-stock-market network. Towards this end, we analyze the cross-correlation matrix of the indices of these forty markets using Random Matrix Theory (RMT). We find the degree of collective behavior among the markets and the share of each market in their structural formation. This finding together with the results obtained from the same calculation on four stock markets reinforce the idea of a world financial market. Finally, we draw the dendrogram of the cross-correlation matrix to make communities in this abstract global market visible. The dendrogram, drawn by at least thirty percent of correlation, shows that the world financial market comprises three communities each of which includes stock markets with geographical proximity

Simultaneous Inference of User Representations and Trust

Inferring trust relations between social media users is critical for a number of applications wherein users seek credible information. The fact that available trust relations are scarce and skewed makes trust prediction a challenging task. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work on exploring representation learning for trust prediction. We propose an approach that uses only a small amount of binary user-user trust relations to simultaneously learn user embeddings and a model to predict trust between user pairs. We empirically demonstrate that for trust prediction, our approach outperforms classifier-based approaches which use state-of-the-art representation learning methods like DeepWalk and LINE as features. We also conduct experiments which use embeddings pre-trained with DeepWalk and LINE each as an input to our model, resulting in further performance improvement. Experiments with a dataset of $\sim$356K user pairs show that the proposed method can obtain an high F-score of 92.65%.Comment: To appear in the proceedings of ASONAM'17. Please cite that versio

Microstructural Rearrangements and their Rheological Implications in a Model Thixotropic Elastoviscoplastic Fluid

We identify the sequence of microstructural changes that characterize the evolution of an attractive particulate gel under flow and discuss their implications on macroscopic rheology. Dissipative particle dynamics is used to monitor shear-driven evolution of a fabric tensor constructed from the ensemble spatial configuration of individual attractive constituents within the gel. By decomposing this tensor into isotropic and nonisotropic components we show that the average coordination number correlates directly with the flow curve of the shear stress versus shear rate, consistent with theoretical predictions for attractive systems. We show that the evolution in nonisotropic local particle rearrangements are primarily responsible for stress overshoots (strain-hardening) at the inception of steady shear flow and also lead, at larger times and longer scales, to microstructural localization phenomena such as shear banding flow-induced structure formation in the vorticity direction

The Antiinflammatory Action and Pharmacokinetics of a Novel Glucosamine-based Di-Peptide Aminosugar

Purpose. We have previously shown favorable in vitro gut permeability for three novel dipeptide esters of glucosamine (GlcN) likely facilitated by the peptide transporter 1 (PepT1). Herein, we report the development of a novel assay for the determination of bioavailability of the peptide ester of interest, the anti-inflammatory properties of a glycine-valine ester derivative of GlcN (GVG) as well as its pharmacokinetics under healthy and inflammatory conditions. Methods. A pre-column derivatization (with 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl) HPLC assay was developed to study bioavailability of GVG, GlcN or cleaved GlcN in the rats that were cannulated in their right jugular vein for blood collection. The compounds of interest were orally administered to both healthy and arthritic rats. Serial blood samples and urine were collected and assayed for the compounds. The stability of the GVG was also tested after incubation with the rat feces. Efficacy of GVG was tested in inflamed rats (injection of 0.2 mL of Mycobacterium butyricum in squalene) following GVG (20 and 30 mg/kg/day GlcN equivalent) or GlcN (20 and 90 mg/kg/day) administration. Arthritis index was calculated at the end of the experiment. Results. The assay was linear (ranged between 0.05-20 mu g/mL) and reproducible (intra- and inter-day\u3c10%). Among the tested compounds, only GVG showed a significantly higher plasma concentrations and urinary excretion than GlcN (approximate to 3-fold increase). GVG showed a favorable stability in the rat feces. Adjuvant arthritis was completely prevented with doses greater than 20 mg/kg/day with GVG being 3-fold more potent than GlcN. Conclusion. The examined glycine-valine-GlcN di-peptide aminosugar is a potent anti-inflammatory compound due to its favorable properties to deliver GlcN into the systemic circulation

Time-Rate-Transformation framework for targeted assembly of short-range attractive colloidal suspensions

The aggregation of attractive colloids has been extensively studied from both theoretical and experimental perspectives as the fraction of solid particles is changed, and the range, type and strength of attractive or repulsive forces between particles varies. The resulting gels consisting of disordered assemblies of attractive colloidal particles, have also been investigated with regards to percolation, phase separation, and the mechanical characteristics of the resulting fractal networks. Despite tremendous progress in our understanding of the gelation process, and the exploration of different routes for arresting the dynamics of attractive colloids, the complex interplay between convective transport processes and many-body effects in such systems has limited our ability to drive the system towards a specific configuration. Here we study a model attractive colloidal system over a wide range of particle characteristics and flow conditions undergoing aggregation far from equilibrium. The complex multiscale dynamics of the system can be understood using a Time-Rate-Transformation diagram adapted from understanding of materials processing in block copolymers, supercooled liquids and much stiffer glassy metals to direct targeted assembly of attractive colloidal particles