The Impact of Distinctive Root Canal Instrumentation Systems on Endotoxin Lessening from the Root Canal: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Objective: To determine the impact of distinctive instrumentation systems of the root canals on the endotoxin lessening through the root canals . Material and Methods: From the electronic databases, MEDLINE, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, ISI, Google Scholar have been used to perform a systematic literature review between 2015 and 2020. Therefore, a software program (Endnote X9) has been utilized for managing electronic titles. Searches were performed with keywords, “root canal,” “instrumentation,” "endotoxin,” "root canal preparation,” “biofilm” “endodontics,” and “lipopolysaccharide.” This systematic review has been conducted on the basis of the key consideration of the PRISMA Statement-Preferred Reporting Items for the Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Results: Hence, 163 potentially important abstracts and research topics have been discovered by electronic searches and three studies (3 RCTs) have been included. According to the outputs, any statistically significant differences have been not found between the rotary files and reciprocation (SMD 0.51, 95% CI [0.11, 0.90], p=0.011) (I2 = 49.5%; p=0.138) . Conclusion: Analyses indicated that instrumentation methods decreased the content of endotoxin from the root canals

The Impact of Distinctive Root Canal Instrumentation Systems on Endotoxin Lessening from the Root Canal: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Objective: To determine the impact of distinctive instrumentation systems of the root canals on the endotoxin lessening through the root canals . Material and Methods: From the electronic databases, MEDLINE, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, ISI, Google Scholar have been used to perform a systematic literature review between 2015 and 2020. Therefore, a software program (Endnote X9) has been utilized for managing electronic titles. Searches were performed with keywords, “root canal,” “instrumentation,” "endotoxin,” "root canal preparation,” “biofilm” “endodontics,” and “lipopolysaccharide.” This systematic review has been conducted on the basis of the key consideration of the PRISMA Statement-Preferred Reporting Items for the Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Results: Hence, 163 potentially important abstracts and research topics have been discovered by electronic searches and three studies (3 RCTs) have been included. According to the outputs, any statistically significant differences have been not found between the rotary files and reciprocation (SMD 0.51, 95% CI [0.11, 0.90], p=0.011) (I2 = 49.5%; p=0.138) . Conclusion: Analyses indicated that instrumentation methods decreased the content of endotoxin from the root canals

Cellular Underwater Wireless Optical CDMA Network: Potentials and Challenges

Underwater wireless optical communications is an emerging solution to the expanding demand for broadband links in oceans and seas. In this paper, a cellular underwater wireless optical code division multiple-access (UW-OCDMA) network is proposed to provide broadband links for commercial and military applications. The optical orthogonal codes (OOC) are employed as signature codes of underwater mobile users. Fundamental key aspects of the network such as its backhaul architecture, its potential applications and its design challenges are presented. In particular, the proposed network is used as infrastructure of centralized, decentralized and relay-assisted underwater sensor networks for high-speed real-time monitoring. Furthermore, a promising underwater localization and positioning scheme based on this cellular network is presented. Finally, probable design challenges such as cell edge coverage, blockage avoidance, power control and increasing the network capacity are addressed.Comment: 11 pages, 10 figure

Success Rate of Contemporary Regenerative Endodontic Therapy and the Expected Outcomes of the Endodontic Microsurgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Objective: To examine the level of the accumulating success of the modern Resin-Based Endodontic Surgery (RES) and comparison with Endodontic Microsurgery (EMS) and finally offer a replacement at the predicted final results of EMS. Material and Methods: MEDLINE, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, ISI, Google Scholar have been utilized as electronic databases for systematic literature until 2019. Therefore, Endnote X9, which can be provided in the market, has been applied to manage the electronic titles. Searches have been made with keywords “Endodontic Microsurgery OR EMS ”, “Resin-Based Endodontic Surgery OR RES”, “Regenerative Endodontic Therapy”,” Root-End Filling”, “Root-End Surgery”, “Periapical Surgery” and “Endodontics”. Thus, this systematic review has been conducted concerning the basic investigation of the PRISMA Statement-Preferred Reporting Items designed for the Meta-analyses and Systematic Reviews. Results: A total of RES =19 and EMS =31 with potential pertinent abstracts and topics were discovered in manual and electronic searches. Then, three articles for RES and four studies for EMS publications satisfied our inclusion criteria necessary for systematically reviewing the studies. The analysis showed the success rate for EMS as equal to 1.16 times the probability of the success rate for RES. Conclusion: Micro-surgical procedures superiorly achieved the predictable high success rate for the Root-end surgery compared to conventional methods

Success Rate of Contemporary Regenerative Endodontic Therapy and the Expected Outcomes of the Endodontic Microsurgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Objective: To examine the level of the accumulating success of the modern Resin-Based Endodontic Surgery (RES) and comparison with Endodontic Microsurgery (EMS) and finally offer a replacement at the predicted final results of EMS. Material and Methods: MEDLINE, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, ISI, Google Scholar have been utilized as electronic databases for systematic literature until 2019. Therefore, Endnote X9, which can be provided in the market, has been applied to manage the electronic titles. Searches have been made with keywords “Endodontic Microsurgery OR EMS ”, “Resin-Based Endodontic Surgery OR RES”, “Regenerative Endodontic Therapy”,” Root-End Filling”, “Root-End Surgery”, “Periapical Surgery” and “Endodontics”. Thus, this systematic review has been conducted concerning the basic investigation of the PRISMA Statement-Preferred Reporting Items designed for the Meta-analyses and Systematic Reviews. Results: A total of RES =19 and EMS =31 with potential pertinent abstracts and topics were discovered in manual and electronic searches. Then, three articles for RES and four studies for EMS publications satisfied our inclusion criteria necessary for systematically reviewing the studies. The analysis showed the success rate for EMS as equal to 1.16 times the probability of the success rate for RES. Conclusion: Micro-surgical procedures superiorly achieved the predictable high success rate for the Root-end surgery compared to conventional methods

Evaluation of the Effect of the Intensity and Occurrence of Postoperative Pain of Resin-Based and Bioceramic Root Canal Sealers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trial Studies

Objective: To evaluate resin- and bioceramic root canal sealers affect postoperative intensity and pain occurrence. Material and Methods: From the electronic databases, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, ISI have been used to perform systematic literature until September 2020. Electronic titles were managed using the Endnote X8 software. They performed searches with mesh terms. Two reviewers blindly and independently extracted data from studies that included data for data extraction. Results: A total of 186 potentially relevant titles and abstracts were found. Finally, four studies were included. Pain score was (RR = -0.20; 95% CI -1.09–0.68; p= 0.65). This result showed no statistically significant difference for the resin-based and bioceramic root canal sealers after 24 hours between the VAS scores. Conclusion: Postoperative pain was low in Patients requiring root canal retreatment and obturated with resin-based or bioceramic-based sealers without extrusion beyond the apex. No differences were observed between postoperative pain in resin-based and bioceramic root canal sealers 24 and 48 hours postoperatively

Comparison of Microscopic Endodontic Techniques: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Objective: To evaluate the success rates of resin-based endodontic surgery (RES) and endodontic microsurgery (EMS), and compare their results. Material and Methods: A total of 19 and 34 full-text papers were reviewed, and finally, 2 and 6 studies were selected for RES and EMS, respectively. The stages of the study selection process were illustrated in Figure 1. The demographic characteristics were also described using the IBM SPSS Software, and the meta-analysis was fulfilled via Stata V.14. Results: A total number of 811 teeth were analyzed in this systematic review and meta-analysis, with a mean follow-up of 38.63 months. Besides, the results of the meta-analysis indicated that both methods not only differed in terms of implementation but also produced varying outcomes. Accordingly, EMS demonstrated a higher success rate likelihood with a significant difference from that of RES. Conclusion: An excellent proof was made available through this meta-analysis regarding the resin-based endodontic surgery success rate likelihood (79.9%) and an update for the endodontic microsurgery success rate possibility (100%)

Insilco study of the effect of hesperetin on three pre-apoptotic factors Bad, Bak, Bim

Background and Aim Many compounds derived from medicinal plants, such as antioxidants and polyphenols have significant roles in prevention and treatment of various cancers. Activation of apoptosis related pathways is one of the mechanisms for inhibition of cancer progression. In this study, we investigated the effect of molecular dynamics simulation of hesperetin on the pre-apoptotic factors of Bad, Bak, and Bim. Material and Methods In this study we collected data about 3 dimensional structure and Protein Data Bank (PDB) files of three apoptotic factors of Bad, Bak, and Bim from Protein Data Bank (http://www.rscb.org/pdb). Using VMD v1.9.2, AutoDock v.4.2, and Gromacs v.4.5.4 softwares, we started processes such as optimization, simulation, molecular docking and molecular dynamics calculations. Results Binding of Bad molecule to hesperetin led to release of the highest amount of energy and reduced changes in the radius of gyration of Bad protein. But after binding of Bim and Bak proteins to hesperetin, changes in the radius of gyration, increased. The most frequent change in the secondary protein structure was related to increased amount of Bent structure and decreased amount of β-sheet structure in Bim molecule. Conclusion Hesperetin can affect the activities of pre-apoptotic factors of Bad, Bak, and Bim by influencing their molecular dynamics. It seems that hesperetin has the highest effect on the activation of Bad molecule. Also, it can activate Bim protein and induce apoptosis via inducing alternations in the secondary structure of the protein. Keywords: Molecular dynamic , Apoptosis , Hespereti

Investigation the integration of heliostat solar receiver to gas and combined cycles by energy, exergy, and economic point of views

Due to the high amount of natural gas resources in Iran, the gas cycle as one of the main important power production system is used to produce electricity. The gas cycle has some disadvantages such as power consumption of air compressors, which is a major part of gas turbine electrical production and a considerable reduction in electrical power production by increasing the environment temperature due to a reduction in air density and constant volumetric airflow through a gas cycle. To overcome these weaknesses, several methods are applied such as cooling the inlet air of the system by different methods and integration heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) with the gas cycle. In this paper, using a heliostat solar receiver (HSR) in gas and combined cycles are investigated by energy, exergy, and economic analyses in Tehran city. The heliostat solar receiver is used to heat the pressurized exhaust air from the air compressor in gas and combined cycles. The key parameter of the three mentioned analyses was calculated and compared by writing computer code in MATLAB software. Results showed the use of HSR in gas and combined cycles increase the annual average energy efficiency from 28.4% and 48.5% to 44% and 76.5%, respectively. Additionally, for exergy efficiency, these increases are from 29.2% and 49.8% to 45.2% and 78.5%, respectively. However, from an economic point of view, adding the HRSG increases the payback period (PP) and it decreases the net present value (NPV) and internal rate of return (IRR)