Study serum anti-Mullerian hormone levels in women undergoing IVF and its association with affecting factors

Background: Infertility means inability of pregnancy after one year of natural continuous intercourse, not using any prevention which is one of the most important problems in every human society. The average rate of infertility in different societies is been estimated to be 8-12%. The aim of this study was to determine the level of anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) in women undergoing IVF and its associations with effective factors. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study which was done by using library and field methods. A number of 170 women with the diagnosis of infertility referring to the infertility clinic of Alavi hospital in Ardabil city from August 2021 to December 2021 were enrolled randomly in the study and their clinical data including demographic, anthropometric and hormone levels were gathered and then analyzed by using statistical methods in SPSS version 22 software. Results: The mean age of women were 31.7±4.68 and AMH level were 3.35±2 ng/ml. There was a strong association between age and AMH level (r=0.68, p=0.001). There was not a significant correlation BMI and AMH levels. In women with the complaint of secondary infertility, prevalence of AMH deficiency was significantly lower than other women (p=0.045). There was no difference in AMH levels between regular and irregular monthly menses. Conclusions: It can be concluded from our study that increase of age is one of the main factors in AMH levels. Also, the deficiency of this hormone can be a cause in secondary infertility

Examining the rate of pregnancy with assisted reproductive technology and the outcome of pregnancy in women referring to the infertility center of Ardabil city

Background: Assisted reproductive technology (ART), including in vitro fertilization (IVF) and microinjection or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and intrauterine sperm injection (IUI) has been widely used to solve the problem of human infertility and has brought many benefits to millions of women and men. The husband is dealing with infertility disorders. The aim of this study was to determine the rate of pregnancy with ART and the outcome of pregnancy in women. Methods: In this descriptive-cross-sectional retrospective study 380 women who visited the infertility center of Ardabil city Alavi hospital from the beginning of October 2017 to the end of September 2019 to get pregnant with assisted reproductive methods. Data were collected by a checklist and then were analyzed by statistical methods in statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) version 24. Results: The most important cause of infertility was attributed to ovarian causes with 36.5% and then male causes with 27.8%. In total, 82 people (22.6%) got pregnant out of 380 people referred for infertility treatment. Among these 82 people, 51.2% of healthy and full-term babies and 22.0% of healthy and pre-term babies were born. Also, 26.8% had no birth due to various reasons. Conclusions: The results showed that the results of treatment with pregnancy methods in Ardabil are acceptable. The IUI method had the highest success rate in terms of pregnancy and the IVF method had the highest success rate in terms of the birth of a healthy baby

Effect of combining estradiol valerate with sildenafil in increasing the thickness of the endometrium in infertile women before intrauterine insemination: a randomized clinical trial

Background: Therapies available for thin endometrium are limited and are mostly performed experimentally which most of these treatments have a similar function and increase blood flow to the endometrium, causing it to thicken and develop. The aim of the study was to compare the effect of estradiol valerate in combination with sildenafil on endometrial thickness in infertile women before intrauterine insemination. Methods: In this randomized clinical trial 100 infertile women referred to Reyhaneh Infertility Center in Ardabil were randomly divided into two groups. Patients' endometrial thickness was assessed by vaginal ultrasound before treatment and then on day 9 of the cycle. The intervention group received one tablet of estradiol valerate every 12 h from the ninth day of menstruation for 4 days and sildenafil as 25 mg orally daily from day 9 to 12, but in the control group, patients received placebo tablets orally in addition to estradiol. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the intervention and control groups before and after the intervention in term of endometrial thickness. The rate of increase in endometrial thickness was 1.35 mm in the intervention group and 1.37 mm in the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusions: Estradiol valerate alone or in combination with sildenafil resulted in a significant increase in endometrial thickness and increasing oral sildenafil supplementation with oral estradiol valerate had no significant effect on increasing endometrial thickness

Comparison of the effect of kalsitrapine and metformin as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of infertility in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

Background: Chronic anovulation is one of the most common causes of infertility. In women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), other factors related to oocyte quality or endometrial and nesting disorders may also play a role. Infertile and non-ovulatory women who tend to become pregnant are candidates for ovulation induction. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Kalsitrapine and metformin on the treatment of patients with PCOS.Methods: The clinical trial study was performed on 80 female patients with PCOS who had referred to Ardabil city hospital for infertility treatment were randomly divided in two groups with personal consent. One group received Kalsitrapine and another group received metformin.Results: The mean age of all patients was 26.08±5.21. There was no significant difference between 2 groups in term of age and BMI. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of primary and secondary infertility. The mean duration of infertility was 3.68±3.49 years. There was no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups in terms of infertility duration. There was no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups in terms of the type of menstrual cycle. The response rate to treatment was 17.5% in the metformin group and 10% in the Kalsitrapine group. There was no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups in terms of response to treatment. In comparison, none of the studied factors in the 2 groups was significantly associated with the response to treatment.Conclusions: It is true that the recovery rate of the herbal medicine Kalcitropine in this study was slightly lower than metformin, but due to the side effects of metformin, including lethargy, abdominal pain, diarrhea, headache, constipation, bloating, weight loss, heartburn, nausea and Vomiting, unpleasant taste of metal in the mouth In some people, such people may be prescribed kalcitrapine for a longer period of time to evaluate its effect

Investigating the prevalence of menopausal complications and its related factors in women referred to Shahroud Health Centers in 2014

Introduction and Objective: Epidemiological studieshave shown that 65-85% of women experience menopausalcomplications. These complications can cause illnessand disability, and decrease women’s quality of lifeand endanger the health of the family and society. Therefore,it is important to address menopause and preventand treat menopausal complications. The aim of this researchwas to investigate the most common menopausalcomplications and related factors in Shahroud.Methodology: This descriptive cross-sectional study wasperformed on 350 women referred to Shahrood healthcenters in 2014. A questionnaire including demographicvariables, age and duration of menopause, weight, andbody mass index (BMI) was used for data collection. Datawere analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferentialtests through SPSS software.Results: According to the results, 79.1% of patientshad psychological complications, 61.1% had skin complications,51.7% of them had urogenital complications,70.9% had cardiac complications, 54% had musculoskeletalcomplications, and 82.6% had hot flashes. Hotflashes (82.6%) and psychological complications especiallyhopelessness (82.57%) and depression (80.28%) werethe most common menopausal complications.Conclusion: According to the results, although menopauseis a physiological process, the changes that occurin a woman during this period have a negative effect onher temperament and cause depression and anxiety; fordecreasing the rate of depression and increasing quality oflife, adaptation is needed. Moreover, adequate awarenessshould be given