Abrikossoff tumour – review of epidemiology, morphology and clinical features of the rare tumour

Abrikossoff tumour is the granular cell tumour. This is a type of peripheral nerve sheath tumour that was initially described by Abrikosoff in 1926. It is rare type of tumour classified as a benign lesion. Anatomical localization is very variable. Most are found in the oral cavity, especially the tongue, and the skin and subcutaneous tissue. This article is to review available publication about morphological, epidemiological characteristics features and clinical picture of this tumour

Renormalized mean-field t-J model of high-Tc superconductivity: comparison with experiment

Using an advanced version of the renormalized mean-field theory (RMFT) for the t-J model, we examine spin-singlet superconducting (SC) state of $d_{x^2 - y^2}$-symmetry. Overall doping dependence of the SC gap magnitude is in good agreement with experimental results for $\text{Bi}_{2}\text{Sr}_{2}\text{Ca} \text{Cu}_2 \text{O}_{8 + \delta}$ (BSCCO) and $\text{La}_{2-x}\text{Sr}_{x}\text{Cu} \text{O}_{4}$ (LSCO) compounds at the optimal doping and in the overdoped regime. We also calculate the dispersion relation for the Bogoliubov quasiparticles and compare our findings both with the angle resolved photoemission data for the cuprates, as well as with the variational Monte Carlo and other mean-field studies. Within the method proposed by Fukushima [cf. Phys. Rev. B \textbf{78}, 115105 (2008)], we analyze different forms of the t-J Hamiltonian, i.e. modifications caused by the form of exchange interaction, and by the presence of three-site terms. It is shown that although the former has a small influence, the latter suppresses strongly the superconductivity. We also analyze the temperature dependence of the gap magnitude and compare the results with those of the recently introduced finite-temperature renormalized mean-field theory (TRMFT) of Wang et al. [cf. Phys. Rev. B \textbf{82}, 125105 (2010)].Comment: 7 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables. Submitted to Physical Review

Anthropometric aspects of the human skeleton

The anatomy deals with learning about the shape and structure of the human body, and at the same time it is the basis for all sciences whose scope of interest relates to the human body. Anthropometric studies are aimed at translating the size and shapes of the human body into specific numbers and quantitative ratios, thus they constitute a set of measurement techniques and methods, through which it is possible to closely examine the diversity of human measurable features as well as variability in individual and evolutionary development. The scope of measurements in anthropometry applies mainly to sections, circumferences, angles between planes or body lines. The aim of the work is to present selected anatomical features of the human skeleton in the aspect of sexual dimorphism and individual human variabilit

Ankylosing spondylitis of the cervical spine - a case study

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS), (synonyms: Bechterew's disease, Marie Strumpell disease, rheumatoid spondylitis) is a chronic inflammatory disease that attacks the spine, causing its pain and stiffness. The severity of this disease ranges from mild to very heavy. Clinical manifestations of this disease are focused on changes in body posture, for example, inclining the body figure forward or may be a condition for severe disability. The analyzed case concerns the bone material obtained from archaeological excavations conducted in Kielce. During the osteological analysis of the female skeleton at the age of about 50 years, two vertebrae from the cervical segment were joined together. It was established that the fusion occurred between C6 and C7. In exact terms, the association occurred as a result of fusion of the vertebral body by marginal syndesmophytes and fusion of the posterior vertebral elements as well (facet joints). The exact cause of this disease is unknown. Probably for the disease to develop, several factors need to be imposed: genetic, immune (immune system disorders) and environmental factors, such as bacterial infections (especially the gastrointestinal tract and genitourinary tract)

Neoangiogenesis - forming an effective network of blood vessels as a critical determinant of tumor development

The development of a tumor in the early stages of growth is associated with the delivery of nutrients and oxygen to the tumor cells by diffusion from the surrounding healthy tissue, while in the later stages, when the tumor size is so large that it begins to lack oxygen and nutrients, comes to neoangiogenesis - the formation of blood vessels in the area of the affected tissue. Tumor vessels are leaky, winding and have a lot of bottlenecks and dead-ends. Abnormalities of blood vessels anatomy determine the deceleration rate and residual blood flow. Tumor vascularization affects its local growth, and in the case of tumors with the potential to distant metastases, the increase vascularity of tumor by increasing the density of the blood vessel network is directly proportional to the risk of distant metastasis. The aim of the study was to summary the role of the formation of tumor blood vessels in the context of the development of tumors

Alzheimer's disease - etiology and pathogenesis

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the neurodegenerative diseases of the senile age that is most prevalent in the modern world. With regard to the population of people aged 60 years, the incidence of Alzheimer's disease is estimated at 1%, while in the population of people aged 90 and over even up to 50%. This type of dementia causes serious deficits in cognitive functions. From the neuroanatomical point of view, the changes taking place in the brain are the result of the disappearance of areas within the hippocampus, additionally, as one of the key causes of this disease, the accumulation of beta-amyloid in brain tissue is considered. The consequence of many changes is the loss of neurons, aggregation of amyloid plaques and the formation of tau protein into tangles. There are many hypotheses regarding the mechanisms and causes of the AD, but there are still many doubts about the existing health problem of older people. The aim of the study is to investigate the etiology and pathogenesis of AD in the context of the current state of knowledge and possible prognoses for the future in the light of research into this disease

Magnetic and thermodynamic properties of correlated fermions : application to liquid ^{3}He

We have analyzed the Hubbard model within an extended Gutzwiller approach, which eliminates original statistical inconsistencies. Within this approximation, for both simple and facecentered cubic lattices we have calculated the magnetic field dependence of the spin polarization and have found a good semi-quantitative agreement with experimental data concerning bulk liquid ^{3}He. Within the range of parameters describing the experimental magnetization curve at ambient pressure, our model does not show a pronounced metamagnetic transition predicted within the original Gutzwiller approach. However, the field dependent magnetic susceptibility and the specific heat show hallmarks of the metamagnetic-like behavior