Impact and Awareness of Soil Health Card on Soybean Production Technology in Ujjain block of Ujjain District, M.P, India

The SHC is a simple document, which contains useful data on soil based on chemical analysis of the soil to describe soil health in terms of its nutrient availability and its physical and chemical properties. The SHC is a simple document, which contains useful data on soil based on chemical analysis of the soil to describe soil health in terms of its nutrient availability and its physical and chemical properties. An amount of Rs 568 crore (US$89 million) was allocated by the government for the scheme. In 2016 Union budget of India,100 crore (US$16 million) had been allocated to states for making soil health cards and set up labs. The target for 2015–16 was to collect 100 lakh soil samples and test these for issue of soil health cards. The government plans to distribute 14 crore soil health cards by 2017. it is therefore, important to find out the impact and awareness associated with farmer towards the usefulness and application of Soil Health Card on their agricultural production, diversification and cropping pattern. Considering the above points, an effort will be made to conduct study with the following objective with 120 beneficiaries of KVK Ujjain, M.P. The main findings is majority of beneficiaries were found to have high level of awareness about various components of soybean production technology followed by medium and low level of awareness about various components of Soybean production technology. Introduction Soil is one of the elements required for farming as it provides nutrients to the plants. Healthy soil containing all the elements for growth and development of crop and on the other hand soil deprived of one or more elements either reduces production or degrades quality of crops. Proportion and quantity of macro and micro nutrients refers to the soil health. As far as agriculture production is concerned, soil health plays a vital role in ensuring sustainable production with optimizing the utilization of fertilizers and reducing its wastage. Soil Health Card (SHC) is a scheme launched by the Government of India in February 2015 in Gujarat. The SHC is a simple document, which contains useful data on soil based on chemical analysis of the soil to describe soil health in terms of its nutrient availability and its physical and chemical properties. status of farmers. Madhya Pradesh is known as the Soybean bowl of India, because major chunk of Soybean production is contributed by Madhya Pradesh State alone. Nutrients are essential for plants' growth and development. When soil nutrients are missing or in short supply, plants suffer from nutrient deficiency and stop growing. Then, application of fertilizers to soils as per requirement is very important to provide balanced nutrients to the plants grown on it. Considering the growing importance of soil testing

Discriminant analysis – simplified

Background: Discriminant function analysis is the statistical analysis used to analyze data when the dependent variable or outcome is categorical and independent variable or predictor variable is parametric. Discriminant function analysis is used to find out the accuracy of a given classification system or predictor variable in predicting the sample into a particular group. Discriminant function analysis includes the development of discriminant functions for each sample and deriving a cutoff score. The cutoff score is used for classifying the samples into different groups. Aim: The aim of this review article is to simplify and explain the discriminant function analysis so that it can be used by medical and dental researchers whenever it is applicable. Conclusion: Discriminant function analysis is a statistical analysis used to find out the accuracy of a given classification system or predictor variables. This paper explains the basics of discriminant analysis and how to interpret the results along with one simple example of mandibular canine index for gender identification. Clinical significance: Whenever a new classification system is introduced or any predictor variable is identified, discriminant function analysis can be used to find out the accuracy with which the classification system or predictor variable can differentiate a sample into different groups. Thus, it is a very useful tool in dental and medical research

Overview of platelet-rich plasma: Orthodontics perspective

Background: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is an autologous concentration of human platelets in a small volume of plasma. It comprised several fundamental growth factors which actively work for the initiation of the wound healing process of both soft and hard tissues. PRP in dentistry is in use since 1998 for many reasons, one of which is the orthodontic tooth movement. Many studies have been performed to check the role of PRP in orthodontic tooth movement and most of them found it is an effective method with fewer drawbacks compared to other methods. Aim: This article aims to highlight the effects of PRP in orthodontic tooth movement. Conclusion: PRP is an effective and simplest method to accelerate orthodontic tooth movement. Clinical significance: It can be used to reduce the time for treatment by incorporating it into our routine treatment practice

Probabilistic Clustering of Time-Evolving Distance Data

We present a novel probabilistic clustering model for objects that are represented via pairwise distances and observed at different time points. The proposed method utilizes the information given by adjacent time points to find the underlying cluster structure and obtain a smooth cluster evolution. This approach allows the number of objects and clusters to differ at every time point, and no identification on the identities of the objects is needed. Further, the model does not require the number of clusters being specified in advance -- they are instead determined automatically using a Dirichlet process prior. We validate our model on synthetic data showing that the proposed method is more accurate than state-of-the-art clustering methods. Finally, we use our dynamic clustering model to analyze and illustrate the evolution of brain cancer patients over time

Examination of the relation of localization of placenta at 18-24 weeks of gestation by ultrasonography with the development of preeclampsia later in pregnancy

Background: The aim of the study was to examine the relation of localization of placenta at 18-24 weeks of gestation by ultrasonography with the development of preeclampsia later in pregnancy.Methods: Hospital based Prospective observational Cohort study at department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dr. BSA Hospital Delhi. 150 pregnant women of gestational age18-24 weeks attending ANC clinic were enrolled for ultrasound examination and on the basis of ultrasonography (USG) findings placenta was classified as Group-A (patient found to have laterally located placenta). And Group-B (patients found to have centrally located placenta). All women in both the group were followed up regularly till term. Study duration was 1 year, June 2017-June 2018.Results: The overall risk of developing Preeclampsia with a late rally located placenta was 8.5(odds ratio) with 95% confidence interval (4.0339 to17.9108). This difference was highly statistically significant (p<.0001). Placental laterality has a sensitivity of 77.27%, beside that it has a good specificity of 71.43% and negative predictive value of 80%. Lateral localization of placenta by ultrasonography at mid trimester can be used as a screening test. The presence of urine albumin in group A was found in 70.67% as compared to 13.33% in group B. This difference was statistically significant. (p=0.0001). Around 72% of total complications were seen in Group-A as compared to 28% in Group-B. This difference was found to be statistically significant (p=0.028).Conclusions: Significant correlation exists between placental laterality and the development of preeclampsia and thus placental localization by ultrasonography in midtrimester (at 18-24 weeks) can be used for prediction of development of preeclampsia later in pregnancy

USE OF CRONBACH'S ALPHA IN DENTAL RESEARCH

Cronbach’s alpha is commonly used in statistics to measure reliability of tests. Reliability of any measuring instrument/questionnaire refers to the extent to which it measures consistently. Cronbach’s alpha is one of the way of measuring the strength of that consistency. This article is intended to highlight its use in dental research by creating an understanding of Cronbach’s alpha by giving suitable example

DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF CHRONOMODULATED DELIVERY SYSTEM OF METOCLOPRAMIDE HYDROCHLORIDE

Objective: Metoclopramide hydrochloride (meto) is indicated in the treatment of diabetic gastro paresis. It is also used in the treatment of pregnancy-induced morning sickness. Present work involved the development of a chrono-modulated delivery system of meto, intended to be taken at bedtime which would elicit the therapeutic response early in the morning when needed the most to prevent the symptoms of diabetic gastro paresis and morning sickness. Methods: Immediate release tablets of meto were prepared and optimized for disintegration time and in vitro drug release. Subsequently, these tablets were compression coated using various ratios of glyceryl dibehenate and diluents. The resulting tablets were evaluated for disintegration time and in vitro drug release. Optimized formulation was subjected to accelerated stability studies for 3 mo. Results: The optimized immediate release tablets exhibited disintegration time of 2-3 min and more than 90% drug release within 30 min. These tablets when compression coated with the optimized ratio of glyceryl dibehenate and di-calcium phosphate could delay the disintegration time to 251 min. In vitro release study of the tablets showed the lag phase of 4 h after which there was a complete drug release within 1 h. Accelerated stability studies indicated good physical and chemical stability of the formulation. Conclusion: Chrono-modulated formulation of meto could delay the release of the drug by four h. This lag in the release is expected to modulate the time of therapeutic response of meto early in the morning at 6-7 h interval after the administration of dosage form at bedtime

Oxidized cellulose: an unusual cause of post hysterectomy hemorrhage

Haemostatic material made of oxidized cellulose is a bio-absorbable fabric used widely for intraoperative haemostasis and adhesion prevention in surgery. The knit mesh facilitates platelet adhesion and aggregation during surgery. However, rarely it may cause a foreign-body reaction, which is indistinguishable from abscess or granuloma formation. This report describes a case of a local tissue reaction due to oxidized regenerated cellulose followed by vault erosion and vaginal bleeding, mimicking pelvic sepsis post hysterectomy. The signs and symptoms resolved completely following removal of the oxidized cellulose fabric

Primary abdominal pregnancy causing diagnostic dilemma: a case report

The aim of the study was to present a case of primary abdominal pregnancy, a rare entity and highlighting the diagnostic dilemma and importance of surgical management. Primigravida with an amenorrhea of 35 days presented to the casualty with acute abdomen, with faintly positive UPT test and USG pelvis was suggestive of ill-defined hypoechoeic mass lesion in right sided adnexal region abutting right ovary. Intra-operatively, blood clots with products of conception were found adherent to anterior layer of right broad ligament. Uterus, both fallopian tubes and both ovaries found intact with normal morphology. On histopathology, no chorionic villi was found inside the lumen of the fallopian tube. Presence of occasional ghost chorionic villi embedded in blood clots, scattered cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblasts also seen in the sample obtained from the anterior leaf of broad ligament. Primary abdominal pregnancy is not only rare but the diagnosis is also a challenge. It can be diagnosed conclusively after laparotomy. There are no symptoms which are pathognomonic for abdominal pregnancy. The symptoms are akin to other types of ectopic pregnancy, so a high index of suspicion is highly necessary for diagnosis. The keys to management are an early diagnosis and prompt surgery