1,851 research outputs found

    Massive transfusion and survival in a university hospital

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    Aglutinación de microvesículas eritrocitarias por anticuerpos IGG como un fenómeno independiente del citoesqueleto

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    Los factores que contribuyen a la aglutinación eritrocitaria son complejos. La participación y contribución del citoesqueleto del glóbulo rojo (GR) a este fenómeno son difíciles de separar de aquellas de la membrana plasmática. Microvesículas inmunoreactivas, libres de citoesqueleto y enriquecidas en Banda 3 pueden ser generadas a partir de GR normales. La Banda 3 ha sido definida como un importante antígeno en la anemia hemolítica autoinmune (AHAI). Microvesículas eritrocitarias fueron generadas y sensibilizadas con eluidos obtenidos de pacientes con AHAI. Se agregó anti-IgG humana (AGH) monoclonal y se investigó la aglutinación. La fijación específica de auto-anticuerpo se evaluó empleando 125I proteína A. Se obtuvo una aglutinación de vesículas eritrocitarias 4+ con los 10 eluidos de pacientes con AHAI, las cuales fijaron 67 a 167 veces mas 125I proteína A que aquellas incubadas con solución salina normal amortiguada, y de 18 a 45 veces mas que las vesículas incubadas con suero humano normal. Las proteínas mayores del citoesqueleto eritrocitario no se requieren para que la aglutinación de microvesículas eritrocitarias mediada inmunológicamente se lleve a cabo

    Nest Association between Camponotus fallax (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and Vespa crabro (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) in Central Iberian Peninsula

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    Because social wasps often defend their nests by inflicting painful stings or bites, some animals associate with them looking for protection against potential predators. Some neotropical vespids are known to maintain associations with other insect and vertebrate taxa, such as birds and bats, however there are not previous records about associations between ants and hornets in Europe. In this study, we reported the first case of association between the arboreal ant Camponotus fallax and the European hornet Vespa crabro in Europe. The observations were made in Central Spain, where two colonies of C. fallax were found in two different avian nest-boxes inhabited by V. crabro when spotless starlings finished their breeding season. The reasons of this possible association are also discussed

    Actividad de las proteínas anticoagulantes C, S y antitrombina al diagnóstico de leucemia linfoblástica aguda

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    Antecedentes: los niños con leucemia linfoblástica aguda tienen un riesgo elevado de complicaciones trombóticas asociadas a la disminución de actividad de las proteínas C, S y antitrombina que se ha relacionado con el tratamiento, particularmente con la administración de L-asparaginasa y la colocación de una catéter venoso central. Objetivo: investigar si la actividad de estas proteínas disminuye al diagnóstico, antes de aplicar quimioterapia y de colocar una línea central. Métodos: se midió la actividad de las proteínas C, S y AT al momento del diagnóstico de leucemia linfoblástica aguda; en 83 niños se dio seguimiento clínico documentando episodios tromboembólicos durante la fase de tratamiento de inducción a la remisión con un régimen de mediana intensidad en la administración de L asparaginasa. Resultados: la actividad de las proteínas anticoagulantes al diagnóstico de leucemia linfoblástica aguda estuvo dentro del rango normal, aunque existió una heterogeneidad considerable, probablemente debida a una tasa de síntesis hepática alterada. Esta variación en la actividad no se relacionó con el desarrollo de trombosis. Conclusión: no se encontró disminución significativa en la actividad funcional de las proteínas C, S y AT ni episodios trombóticos en los pacientes con un nuevo diagnóstico de leucemia linfoblástica aguda

    Células madre

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    Las células madre tienen la capacidad de autorenovarse y diferenciarse para producir diversos tipos de células especializadas. Las células madre se clasifican por su potencial de diferenciación en totipotenciales, pluripotenciales y multipotenciales, y según el tejido de origen en embrionarias o adultas. Estas células generan gran interés por los diferentes modelos de diferenciación a los que pueden conducirse: desde el modelo convencional (célula madre-célula hija), hasta procesos de transdiferenciación y desdiferenciación celular. Estos modelos se aplican para entender el fenómeno de plasticidad. Se denomina plasticidad de las células madre a la capacidad de generar diferentes grupos celulares a los de su tejido de origen, como las de las células madre hematopoyéticas, que forman hepatocitos y miocitos en condiciones controladas. En la actualidad existen controversias éticas, ya que los estudios en células madre se realizan a partir de óvulos donados en los centros de fertilización humana; sin embargo, pueden obtenerse células madre con características pluripotenciales de otras fuentes, como las del líquido amniótico. La legislación internacional, respecto de la obtención de células madre es heterogénea y divergente, mientras que la legislación nacional resulta limitada ante los retos que plantea la investigación científica

    Childhood T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia in a single Latin American center: impact of improved treatment scheme and support therapy on survival

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    Background and objective: T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) in children representsa high-risk disease. There is a lack of studies assessing the outcome of T-ALL in Hispanicpopulations, in which it is a rare malignancy. We report the characteristics and results oftreatment for childhood T-cell ALL in children over 14 years at a Latin American referencecenter.Material and methods: From January 2005 to December 2018, there occurred the analysisof twenty patients ≤ 16 years of age from a low-income open population diagnosed ata university hospital in Northeast Mexico. Clinical and laboratory characteristics, treat-ment regimens and outcomes were assessed by scrutinizing clinical records and electronicdatabases. Diagnosis was confirmed by flow cytometry, including positivity for CD-2, 5, 7and surface/cytoplasmic CD3. Survival rates were assessed by the Kaplan-Meier method.Results: There was a male preponderance (70 %), with a 2.3 male-to-female ratio (p = .074), themedian age being 9.5 years. Leucocytes at diagnosis were ≥ 50 × 109/L in 13 (65 %) children,with CNS infiltration in 6 (30 %) and organomegaly in 10 (50 %). The five-year overall survival(OS) was 44.3 % (95 % CI 41.96–46.62), significantly lower in girls, at 20.8 % (95 % CI 17.32–24.51)vs. 53.1 % (95 % CI 50.30–55.82), (p = .035) in boys; there was no sex difference in the event-freesurvival (EFS) (p = .215). The survival was significantly higher after 2010 (p = .034).Conclusion: The T-cell ALL was more frequent in boys, had a higher mortality in girls and thesurvival has increased over the last decade with improved chemotherapy and supportivecare

    Human communication, the internet, medicine and its addictions

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    Communication amongst human beings is vital for the development and support of the human race. It is impressive how we have gone from smoke signals, carrier pigeons, ‘‘foot’’ or ‘‘horse’’ messengers, to land and air mail, fax, and telephones. However, nothing is as interesting and as incredible as communication through the internet and its derivations, like ‘‘social networks’’ and the use of the smartphone. This device allows the user to be connected with practically everybody, it even allows audio and video recording and to make commercial transactions. The question is, how does this impact health, science and medicine? The answer is not that simple, and we approach this topic in this issue of Medicina Universitari

    Sweet syndrome presenting late after non Hodgkin’s lymphoma and dermatomyositis

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    Abstract Sweet syndrome is a rare neutrophilic dermatosis consisting in the onset of high fever, neutrophilia, and typical painful skin lesions including erythematous papules, nodules, and plaques on the face, trunk, and extremities, with a bilateral and asymmetrical pattern. Sweet syndrome is classiied as idiopathic, predominating in women; malignancy-associated, mainly with hematological cancer, and drug-induced. The diagnosis is based on clinical history and skin manifestations, being conirmed by a complete blood count showing neutrophilic leukocytosis, and speciic indings in the skin biopsy. We report the case of a 68 year-old man with a 10-year evolution of dermatomyositis complicated by lung ibrosis, followed 8 years later by non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accompanied by worsening of his ibrosis. Two years after the successful treatment of NHL the patient developed an acute episode of severe dyspnea, multiple skin lesions, and 95% neutrophilia. At that time the patient had a severe lung function impairment complicated by nosocomial pneumonia that led to his death, a few days after the diagnosis of Sweet syndrome was established by histopathology examination. Sweet syndrome is a rare dermatologic entity that can appear several years after diseases characterized by immune dysfunction such as dermatomyositis and NHL
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