Influences of Friends and Friendships on Adjustment to Junior High School

To explore influences of friends and friendships on adjustment to junior high school, 101 students were interviewed about their friendships in the spring of sixth grade and again in the fall and spring of seventh grade. Adjustment was judged from self-reports, peer nominations, teacher ratings, and school records. Sociability and leadership increased across the transition if students had high-quality friendships in 6th grade that were mostly stable across the transition. Behavior problems increased if students had stable friendships with sixth-grade friends high in behavioral problems. Sensitivity-isolation of students with sensitive-isolated friends increased across the transition unless they had high-quality, stable friendships. Separate and interactive effects of friendships and friends\u27 characteristics were discussed

Panel 3: Natural Resources and Biodiversity

An international law of property will have implications on the development of natural resources, as well as implications for biodiversity around the world. Development of natural resources has an impact on national economic growth. A number of legal regimes currently exist that govern the environmental impacts of natural resource development and biodiversity protection. This panel will explore the intersections of property law and cultural and natural resources

An analysis of the effect of Chicago school reform on student performance

Education - Middle West - Chicago (Ill.)

Use of the Corail stem for revision total hip arthroplasty: Evaluation of clinical outcomes and cost

© 2019 Joule Inc. or its licensors. Background: With the growing number of total hip arthroplasty (THA) procedures performed, revision surgery is also proportionately increasing, resulting in greater health care expenditures. The purpose of this study was to assess clinical outcomes and cost when using a collared, fully hydroxyapatite-coated primary femoral stem for revision THA compared to commonly used revision femoral stems. Methods: We retrospectively identifed patients who underwent revision THA with a primary stem between 2011 and 2016 and matched them on demographic variables and reason for revision to a similar cohort who underwent revision THA. We extracted operative data and information on in-hospital resource use from the patients\u27 charts to calculate average cost per procedure. Patient-reported outcomes were recorded preoperatively and 1 year postoperatively. Results: We included 20 patients in our analysis, of whom 10 received a primary stem and 10, a typical revision stem. There were no signifcant between-group differences in mean Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index score, Harris Hip Score, 12-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) Mental Composite Scale score or Physical Composite Scale score at 1 year. Operative time was signifcantly shorter and total cost was signifcantly lower (mean difference -3707.64, 95% confdence interval -5532.85 to -1882.43) with a primary stem than with other revision femoral stems. Conclusion: We found similar clinical outcomes and signifcant institutional cost savings with a primary femoral stem in revision THA. This suggests a role for a primary femoral stem such as a collared, fully hydroxyapatite-coated stem for revision THA

A physics-based earthquake simulator replicates seismic hazard statistics across California

Seismic hazard models are important for society, feeding into building codes and hazard mitigation efforts. These models, however, rest on many uncertain assumptions and are difficult to test observationally because of the long recurrence times of large earthquakes. Physics-based earthquake simulators offer a potentially helpful tool, but they face a vast range of fundamental scientific uncertainties. We compare a physics-based earthquake simulator against the latest seismic hazard model for California. Using only uniform parameters in the simulator, we find strikingly good agreement of the long-term shaking hazard compared with the California model. This ability to replicate statistically based seismic hazard estimates by a physics-based model cross-validates standard methods and provides a new alternative approach needing fewer inputs and assumptions for estimating hazard

Metformin and erlotinib synergize to inhibit basal breast cancer

Basal-like breast cancers (BBCs) are enriched for increased EGFR expression and decreased expression of PTEN. We found that treatment with metformin and erlotinib synergistically induced apoptosis in a subset of BBC cell lines. The drug combination led to enhanced reduction of EGFR, AKT, S6 and 4EBP1 phosphorylation, as well as prevented colony formation and inhibited mammosphere outgrowth. Our data with other compounds suggested that biguanides combined with EGFR inhibitors have the potential to outperform other targeted drug combinations and could be employed in other breast cancer subtypes, as well as other tumor types, with activated EGFR and PI3K signaling. Analysis of BBC cell line alterations led to the hypothesis that loss of PTEN sensitized cells to the drug combination which was confirmed using isogenic cell line models with and without PTEN expression. Combined metformin and erlotinib led to partial regression of PTEN-null and EGFR-amplified xenografted MDAMB- 468 BBC tumors with evidence of significant apoptosis, reduction of EGFR and AKT signaling, and lack of altered plasma insulin levels. Combined treatment also inhibited xenografted PTEN null HCC-70 BBC cells. Measurement of trough plasma drug levels in xenografted mice and a separately performed pharmacokinetics modeling study support possible clinical translation