Alterações da coagulação associadas à leucemia promielocítica aguda

Acute promyelocytic leukemia is frequently accompanied by coagulation abnormalities usually described as laboratorial disseminated intravascular coagulation, which is the main cause of morbidity and early mortality. Aberrant activation of the coagulation cascade and hyperfibrinolysis play an important role in the pathogenesis of bleeding diathesis, but their contribution varies from case to case. Here we review the main laboratorial findings and the recommended clinical management of coagulopathy associated with acute promyelocytic leukemia.A leucemia promielocítica aguda (LPA) é geralmente acompanhada por anormalidades da coagulação usualmente descritas como coagulação intravascular disseminada e que são a principal causa de mortalidade precoce. A ativação anormal da cascata de coagulação e a hiperfibrinólise desempenham importante papel na patogênese da diátese hemorrágica, mas a contribuição de cada fator varia de caso a caso. Apresentamos aqui uma revisão dos principais achados laboratoriais e da recomendação para o manejo clínico da coagulopatia associada a LPA

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality

Designlab4u: Journal

Designlab4u it´s a laboratory designed to immerse design students in real pedagogical work; social or research contexts to create a professionally laboratory capable of responding to design requests through innovative methodologies that enables students more competitive and more creative in design practice. Created in November 2016, this laboratory is characterized by a research space applied to the practice and teaching of Design. DesignLab4u is defined as a laboratory within the Lisbon Polytechnic Higher School of Education, which recreates the real working environment of an agency. This laboratory aims to provide students with the opportunity to collaborate on real projects, with community projection, generated in an immersive learning context, facilitating and fostering creativity, as well as the development of cultural and social enrichment activities. It is intended to prepare professionals capable of executing projects in the design area of different genres and formats. This laboratory currently has a multidisciplinary team consisting of current students taking the ESELx Visual Arts and Technology course, former students with a scientific scholarship and master students from other partner institutions.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The presence of CD56/CD16 in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia correlates with the expression of cytotoxic molecules and is associated with worse response to treatment

Some cases of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) express markers found in natural-killer (NK) cells, such as CD56 and CD16. Out of 84 T-cell ALL cases diagnosed at our Institution, CD56 and/or CD16 was detected in 24 (28.5%), which we designated T/NK-ALL group. Clinical features, laboratory characteristics, survival and expression of cytotoxic molecules were compared in T/NK-ALL and T-ALL patients. Significant differences were observed regarding age (24.9 vs. 16.4 years in T/NK-ALL and T-ALL, respectively, P = 0.006) and platelet counts (177 x 10(9)/l vs. 75 x 10(9)/l in T/NK-ALL and T-ALL, respectively, P = 0.03). Immunophenotypic analysis demonstrated that CD34, CD45RA and CD33 were more expressed in T/NK-ALL patients, whereas CD8 and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase were more expressed in T-ALL patients (P < 0.05). The mean overall survival (863 vs. 1869 d, P = 0.02) and disease-free survival (855 vs. 2095 d, P = 0.002) were shorter in patients expressing CD56/CD16. However, multivariate analysis identified CD56/CD16 as an independent prognostic factor only for DFS. Cytotoxic molecules were highly expressed in T/NK-ALL compared to T-ALL. Perforin, granzyme B and TIA-1 were detected in 12/17, 4/17 and 7/24 T/NK-ALL patients and in 1/20, 0/20 and 1/20 T-ALL respectively (P < 0.001, P = 0.036 and P = 0.054). Therefore, the presence of CD56/CD16 was associated with distinct clinical features and expression of cytotoxic molecules in the blasts.Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo`s (FAPESP)[05/58519-5]Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo`s (FAPESP)[05/04296-5]Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo`s (FAPESP)[02/11086-9

The expression of Delta NTP73, TATP73 and TP53 genes in acute myeloid leukaemia is associated with recurrent cytogenetic abnormalities and in vitro susceptibility to cytarabine cytotoxicity

TP73 encodes for two proteins: full-length TAp73 and Delta Np73, which have little transcriptional activity and exert dominant-negative function towards TP53 and TAp73. We compared TATP73 and Delta NTP73 expression in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) samples and normal CD34(+) progenitors. Both forms were more highly expressed in leukaemic cells. Amongst AML blasts, TATP73 was more expressed in AML harbouring the recurrent genetic abnormalities (RGA): PML-RARA, RUNX1-RUNX1T1 and CBFB-MYH11, whereas higher Delta NTP73 expression was detected in non-RGA cases. TP53 expression did not vary according to Delta NTP73/TATP73 expression ratio. Leukaemic cells with higher Delta NTP73/TATP73 ratios were significantly more resistant to cytarabine-induced apoptosis

Methionine-induced hyperhomocysteinemia reverts fibrinolytic pathway activation in a murine model of acute promyelocytic leukemia

Increased fibrinolysis is an important component of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) bleeding diathesis. APL blasts overexpress annexin II (ANXII), a receptor for tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), and plasminogen, thereby increasing plasmin generation. Previous studies suggested that ANXII plays a pivotal role in APL coagulopathy. ANXII binding to tPA can be inhibited by homocysteine and hyperhomocysteinemia can be induced by L-methionine supplementation. In the present study, we used an APL mouse model to study ANXII function and the effects of hyperhomocysteinemia in vivo. Leukemic cells expressed higher ANXII and tPA plasma levels (11.95 ng/mL in leukemic vs 10.74 ng/mL in wild-type; P = .004). In leukemic mice, administration of L-methionine significantly increased homocysteine levels (49.0 mu mol/mL and &lt; 6.0 mu mol/mL in the treated and nontreated groups, respectively) and reduced tPA levels to baseline concentrations. The latter were also decreased after infusion of the LCKLSL peptide, a competitor for the ANXII tPA-binding site (11.07 ng/mL; P = .001). We also expressed and purified the p36 component of ANXII in Pichia methanolica. The infusion of p36 in wild-type mice increased tPA and thrombin-antithrombin levels, and the latter was reversed by L-methionine administration. The results of the present study demonstrate the relevance of ANXII in vivo and suggest that methionine-induced hyperhomocysteinemia may reverse hyperfibrinolysis in APL. (Blood. 2012;120(1):207-213)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnologicoConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico [573754/2008-0]Fundacao de Apoio a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo [1998/14247-6, 02/11086-9]Fundacao de Apoio a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paul