La justicia restaurativa y su incidencia en la reinserción social de los jóvenes en conflicto con la Ley Penal del Programa IV del Centro Juvenil de Diagnóstico y Rehabilitación de Lima

El objetivo del presente trabajo de investigación es examinar la forma en que una debida aplicación de la justicia penal juvenil restaurativa en el Centro Juvenil de Diagnóstico y Rehabilitación de Lima incide en la reinserción de los jóvenes en conflicto con la Ley Penal, sobre todo demostrar las inconsistencias en el Protocolo de Mediación Juvenil aprobado y vigente a la fecha, con el fin de hallar un mejor tratamiento legal en cumplimiento con los objetivos primordiales, cuando se tiene la medida socioeducativa del internamiento, como la reinserción a la sociedad. Asimismo, está asociada con otras especialidades como el derecho de familia y de medios alternativos de solución de controversias. Como parte del estudio, utilizaremos técnicas y herramientas de investigación científica como la encuesta, el análisis de libros, normas y estándares legales. Hemos encontrado que la mediación con el enfoque de justicia restaurativa lograría sus objetivos al ya existir actualmente el interés de los jóvenes en conflicto con la Ley Penal del Programa IV del Centro Juvenil de Diagnóstico y Rehabilitación de Lima en participar en esta práctica restaurativa. En suma, para consolidar el programa de Justicia Restaurativa, presentamos las modificaciones al Protocolo de Mediación Penal Juvenil, principalmente en la medida de internación, el cual estará ajustado a las necesidades que aseguran tanto los jóvenes en conflicto con la Ley Penal, como el de las autoridades que están dispuestos a coadyuvar en la producción del mismo, alcanzando de esta forma efectos tan importantes como la tolerancia, la indulgencia, la disculpa mutua, los efectos pedagógicos y la reinserción social para los jóvenes, con ello lograremos los adolescentes comprendan las consecuencias de sus actos, pero también la posibilidad de reincorporarse exitosamente a la sociedad por medio del perdón y la empatía de la víctima, el joven y la sociedad.The objective of this research work is to examine the way in which a proper application of restorative juvenile criminal justice in the Juvenile Diagnosis and Rehabilitation Center of Lima affects the reintegration of young people in conflict with the Criminal Law, especially to demonstrate the Inconsistencies in the Juvenile Mediation Protocol approved and in force to date, in order to find better legal treatment in compliance with the primary objectives, when there is a socio-educational measure of internment, such as resocialization and reincorporation of said young people to the society. Likewise, it is associated with other specialties such as family law and alternative means of dispute resolution. As part of the study, we will use scientific research techniques and tools such as the survey, the analysis of books, norms and legal standards. We have found that mediation with the restorative justice approach would achieve its objectives as there is currently the interest of young people in conflict with the Penal Law of Program IV of the Juvenile Diagnosis and Rehabilitation Center of Lima in participating in this restorative practice. Finally, to strengthen the Restorative Justice program, we present the modifications to the Juvenile Criminal Mediation Protocol, mainly the internment measure, which will be adjusted to the needs that ensure both young people in conflict with the Criminal Law, as well as that of the authorities. who are available to assist in its production, thus achieving such important effects of forgiveness, mutual satisfaction, and resocializing effects for young people, making them understand the consequences of their actions, but also the possibility of successfully reincorporating to society through the forgiveness and empathy of the victim, the young person and society

ESTRUTURAÇÃO, AMPLIAÇÃO E MANUTENÇÃO DA COLEÇÃO DE VIDEIRAS DO CAMPUS SANTA ROSA DO SUL PARA AULAS PRÁTICAS DE VITICULTURA E ENOLOGIA E AGRICULTURA III DOS CURSOS DE ENGENHARIA AGRONÔMICA E TÉCNICO EM AGROPECUÁRIA

A videira é cultivada desde 7.000 anos a.C.. Para produção de uvas duas espéciessão cultivadas no Brasil, Vitis labrusca (uvas americanas) e Vitis vinifera (uvaseuropeias). Devido aos cursos de Técnico em Agropecuária e de EngenhariaAgronômica, foi instalada uma coleção de videiras no Campus Santa Rosa do Sul doIFC com o objetivo de manter, estruturar, ampliar e avaliá-las quanto a suaadaptação e qualidade de seus frutos e produtos, quando cultivadas nas condiçõesclimáticas da região do Extremo Sul de Santa Catarina. Ao longo de 2018 e 2019foram realizadas as práticas de: poda de frutificação, retirada de feminelas, desfolhado cacho, amarrio, manejo fitosanitário, adubações e colheita. Após a colheita, asuvas das 35 cultivares foram pesadas para avaliar sua produtividade. As cultivaresIsabel Precoce e Poloske foram as que mais produziram com uma média aproximadade 9 quilos por planta. As demais cultivares produziram de um a dois quilos porplanta. A maior média na Isabel Precoce e Poloske é explicada por ser a terceirasafra destas cultivares, enquanto nas demais foi a primeira

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030