A comparative study using silicon carbide and zirconium dioxide nano material’s to improve the mechanical properties of 6261AA

The applications of nanotechnology differ in different areas of life. Despite all the advantages of nano-materials, there are many difficulties that need further research the most important of which is obtaining cheap, practical materials with appropriate specifications for use in various applications. This study examines the addition of multiple proportions of two materials (Silicon Carbide and Zirconia) to 6261 Aluminum alloy. Results were obtained stating that using the two nano-materials together is better than using each one separately. The best ultimate tensile strength (UTS)waders were obtained at (1.5-2.0 wt%)ratios ranging. 1.5% wt. of ZrO2 and (%SiC+% ZrO2).The improvements were (75.1 %) and (92 %) respectively. The UTS improvements (84.3%) for Al/ 2.0wt. %SiC. Also, a significant improvement was seen in the hardness values for all the weight ratios of the nano-additives with respect to the base alloy. The percentage of ductility has decreased after adding nano-materials

Genetic Characterization of Three Deer Species in Malaysia

In recent years, there has been much interest in the domestication and farming of deer in Malaysia for velvet, skin and meat production. Various deer species and subspecies have been imported into the country and this has resulted in the introduction of new germplasm and the risk of mixture of these, making it necessary to evaluate the genetic background of the various species before they are indiscriminately diluted or altered. This study was carried out to characterize three deer species i n Malaysia, namely rusa (Cervus timorensis), sambar (Cervus unicolor) and sika (Cervus nippon), by using the karyotyping, biochemical polymorphisms and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) techniques. The rusa herd at the Deer Breeding Unit of University Research Park, Universiti Putra Malaysia, the sambar herd at Pusat Permbiakan Ternakan Sabray, Kenungu, Sabah and the sika herd at Pusat Temakan Haiwan, Batu Arang were used as the research populations. Conventional, G-banded and C-banded karyotypes were generated for three male and three female deer of each species. The chromosome number was derived from 100 good metaphase spreads per animal. The morphology of the chromosomes was based on their relative lengths and position of the centromeres. Rusa, sambar and sika displayed a total of 60, 62 and 66 chromosomes in the majority of the cell spreads, respectively. The rusa deer had five pairs of metacentric/submetacentric and 24 pairs of acrocentric autosomes, and a pair of sex chromosomes. The X chromosome was characterised as the largest acrocentric chromosome, while the Y chromosome was a small acrocentric chromosome. The sambar deer had four pairs of metacentric/submetacentric and 26 pairs of acrocentric autosomes. The sex chromosomes were similar to that of rusa deer. In the sika deer there were two pairs of metacentric/submetacentric and 30 pairs of acrocentric autosomes. The pair of sex chromosomes was similar to those of the rusa and the sambar. The homologous chromosomes were paired with respect to their sizes, shapes and banding patterns generated from C-banding and G-banding. The nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) for the three deer species were 1 ocated on different chromosomes. The male r usa displayed NORs on the telomeric regions both homologues of Chromosomes 1 and 6, but the female displayed NORs on only one homologue of Chromosome 1, and both homologues of Chromosome 6. Male and female sambar deer both had three telomeric NORs located on the homologous pair of Chromosome 6 and a single homologue of Chromosome 7. Female and male sika deer displayed four NORs which were on the acrocentric Chromosomes 1 and 2. Cellulose acetate and starch g el electrophoresis were u sed to s tudy e nzymelprotein polymorphisms. Blood samples from 38 rusa, 9 sambar and 34 sika deer were analysed for 15 b iochemical m arkers, h owever, only six m arkers generated results. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), Albumin (ALB), Transferrin and X-protein were monomorphic. Haemoglobin (HB) was polymorphic with three phenotypes for the three species, which could b e attributed to two c odominant alleles, H B~ and HB*. The frequency of H B w~as highest in the rusa population, 0.553, while HBB was predominant in sambar, 0.61 1, and sika, 0.574. The rusa and sika populations showed significant (P<0.05) deviations from HWE for this locus. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (GGPD), although polymorphic, was monomorphic within each species. Rusa and sambar showed the same phenotype, but this was different from that of the sika. The genetic distance between rusa and sambar based on the above biochemical markers was 0.001, between rusa and sika it was 0.144, and between sambar and sika it was 0.141. The animals used in the biochemical study were a Iso analyzed for RAPD markers using 10 arbitrary primers. The primers amplified a total of 164 makers, of which 59 were shared by a 11 three species. The overall percent polymorphism was 9 9.39%, with rusa showing 128 polymorphic markers (97.71%), sambar showing 66 (68.04%) and sika showing 118 (95.16%) polymorphic markers. The 62B-1 (800 bp) band was a c ornrnon monomorphic m arker for the three species. Sambar had five e xclusive monomorphic markers, while sika had one and rusa none. The genetic distance based on Dice and Jaccard similarity indices showed sambar and sika to be the most closely related, followed by rusa and sambar

Determination and Comparison of Forage Quality of Five Species in Different Phenological Stages in Alborz Rangelands (Iran)

In order to evaluate grazing capacity and integrated management of rangelands and grasslands , it is necessary to be aware of the quality of range plants. Phenological (growth) stage has the greatest effect on forage quality with most of the qualitative indices decreasing with the progress of the phenological stage (Holecheck et al., 2001). This research studied the changes in forage quality for species in the Alborz rangelands

Seroprevalence of Neospora caninum Infection in Dairy Cattle in Tabriz, Northwest Iran

Background: The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of antibody to Neospora can­inum in healthy and aborted dairy cattle in Tabriz, capital of East-Azarbaijan in northwest of Iran.Methods: In this cross-sectional study serum samples were collected from 266 healthy and ab­orted Holestein-Feriesisnc cows from September 2008 to August 2009. The sera were analyzed to de­tect of antibody against N. caninum using the commercially ELISA kit.Results: Seroprevalence of antibody to N. caninum was 10.5% in Tabriz dairy cattle. Also the abortion rate in all cattle sampled was 33.6% but percentage of seropositive aborted cattle was 18.4%.Conclusion: Neosporosis could be one of the possible causes of abortion in dairy cattle in Tabriz and regarding the distribution in dogs as definitive host for the parasite, further studies in dog and cat­tle are recommended

Evaluation de l’antibioprophylaxie en chirurgie urologique au sein de l’Hôpital Militaire Moulay Ismail de Meknès L’antibioprophylaxie en urologie

No Abstrac

RAPD analysis of three deer species in Malaysia

The genetic variability within and among three deer species in Malaysia, namely Cervus nippon (sika), Cervus timorensis (rusa) and Cervus unicolor (sambar), were evaluated using the RAPD technique. The DNA extracted from the buffy coat of 34 sika, 38 rusa and 9 sambar were analysed using ten primers that gave bands which showed good resolution. The primers generated 164 RAPD markers in total, and these ranged in size from 150 to 900 bp. The percent of polymorphism of the bands generated per primer ranged from 66.66-93.33% for rusa, 36.84-61.14% for sambar and 52.38-100% for sika. The overall percent polymorphism observed for the 164 RAPD markers was 99.39%. The results revealed five exclusive, monomorphic markers for sambar and one exclusive, monomorphic marker for sika; none was observed for rusa. However, these cannot be declared as markers for the identification of the species without analysis of more samples, populations and species. The means of within population genetic distances, based on Dice's and Jaccard's similarity indices, were similar for the rusa (0.383 and 0.542, respectively) and sika (0.397 and 0.558, respectively) populations with the sambar population being the least variable (0.194 and 0.323, respectively). The Dice based genetic distances within the species ranged from 0.194 to 0.397 and the genetic distances among the species were 0.791-0.911. The genetic distances based on Dice's and Jaccard's similarity indices between the rusa and sambar were 0.556 and 0.713, between the rusa and sika populations were 0.552 and 0.710, and between sambar and sika were 0.622 and 0.766, respectively

The Role of Liposomal CpG ODN on the Course of L. major Infection in BALB/C Mice

"nBackground: Historically, leishmanization is the most effective protective measure against Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL), CL lesion induced by leishmanization sometimes takes a long time to heal. Ma­nipulation of leishmanization inoculums needed to induce a mild and acceptable CL lesion. The aim of this study was to explore if liposomal form of CpG ODN (Cytosin phosphate Guanin Oligodeoxynu­cleotides) mixed with Leishmania major   would induce a milder lesion size in Balb/c mice."nMethods: This study was performed in Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad, and Center for Re­search and Training in Skin Diseases and Leprosy, Tehran, Iran during 2008-2009.  mice were subcutaneously (SC) inoculated with L. major mixed with liposomal form of CpG ODN, or L. major plus free CpG ODN, or L. major mixed with empty liposomes or L. major in PBS. The lesion onset and the size of lesion were recorded; the death rate was also monitored. "nResult: Footpad thickness was significantly (P<0.01) smaller, death rate was also significantly (P<0.05) lower in the mice received L. major mixed with liposomal CpG ODN or free CpG ODN than control groups received L. major in PBS or L. major plus liposomes, also mice which received L. ma­jor mixed with CpG ODN in soluble form showed a significantly (P < 0.001) smaller lesion size than control groups."nConclusion: CpG ODN seems to be an appropriate immunopotentiator mixed with Leishmania stabi­late in leishmanization

Adénome de prostate révélé par des hypoglycémies profondes: A propos d'un cas

RésuméIntroductionEnviron 90% des patients diabétiques présentent un diabète de type 2. L'hypoglycémie constitue le principal effet indésirable des antidiabétiques oraux. Elle est d'autant plus grave qu'elle s'accompagne d'une insuffisance rénale.Cas cliniqueNous rapportons le cas d'un homme âgé de 85ans suivi pour un diabète de type 2 et une hypertension artérielle. Il a été admis via les urgences dans un tableau de trouble de conscience associé à une fièvre. Le bilan réalisé a objectivé une hypoglycémie profonde, une insuffisance rénale obstructive et un taux de PSA élevé (antigène spécifique de la prostate). Les antidiabétiques oraux ont été arrêtés et un sondage vésical a été effectué avec comme résultats une correction des hypoglycémies et de la fonction rénale. Le patient a eu une résection trans-urétrale de la prostate (RTUP) et l'examen anatomopathologique était en faveur d'un adéno-myo-fibrome. Les troubles neurologiques en rapport avec l'hypoglycémie étaient sous forme d'agitations, délire, trouble des fonctions supérieures et troubles du sommeil. Cependant notre patient n'a pas présenté de déficit neurologique. L’évolution clinique était favorable.ConclusionL'insuffisance rénale obstructive peut constituer une complication de l'adénome de la prostate à un stade ultime. Elle est responsable d'accumulation dans le sang de médicaments y compris les antidiabétiques oraux. L'hypoglycémie qui en résulte est délétère pour la qualité de vie du patient et peut être responsable d'accidents neurologiques.AbstractIntroductionApproximately 90% of patients with diabetes have type 2 diabetes. Hypoglycemia is the main side effect of oral antidiabetics, and it can be more serious when it is accompanied by renal failure.Clinical caseWe report the case of a man aged 85 years followed for type 2 diabetes and hypertension. He was admitted via the emergency with a disturbed level of consciousness associated with fever. The medical evaluation revealed profound hypoglycemia, obstructive renal failure and an elevated PSA (prostate specific antigen). Oral hypoglycemic agents were discontinued and catheterization was performed resulting in correction of hypoglycemia and renal function. The patient underwent a transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) and pathologic examination was in favor of benign hyperplasia. Neurological disorders related to hypoglycemia were agitation, delirium, impaired higher functions and sleep disorders. However our patient did not present any neurological deficit. The clinical course was favorable.ConclusionThe obstructive renal failure can be a complication of benign prostatic hyperplasia in a final stage. It is responsible for accumulation in the blood of drugs including oral anti-diabetic agents. The resulting hypoglycemia is deleterious to the quality of life of the patient and may be responsible for neurological disorders

Radiobiological comparison of 3D conformal and intensity modulated radiation therapy in the treatment of left-sided breast cancer

Background: The current study aimed to compare the tumor control probability (TCP) and normal tssue complicaton probability (NTCP) of three-dimensional conformal radiaton therapy (3D-CRT) and intensity-modulated radiaton therapy (IMRT) for left-sided breast cancer using radiobiological models. Methods: This study was conducted on 30 patents with left-sided breast cancer, who were planned for 3D-CRT and 6-9 fields IMRT treatments using the PROWESS treatment planning system. The planning target volume (PTV) dose of 50 Gy was administered for the 3D-CRT and IMRT plans, respectvely. The Niemierko's equivalent uniform dose (EUD) model was utlized for the estmaton of tumor control probability (TCP) and normal tssue complicaton probability (NTCP). Results: According to the results, the mean TCP values for 3D-CRT, 6-fields IMRT, and 9-fields IMRT plans were 99.07 ±0.07, 99.24 ±0.05 and 99.28 ±0.04, respectvely, showing no statstcally significant difference. The NTCPs of the lung and heart were considerably lower in the IMRT plans, compared to those in the 3D-CRT plans. Conclusions: From the radiobiological point of view, our results indicated that 3D-CRT produces a lower NTCP for ipsilateral lung. In contrast, for TCP calculatons, there was a higher gain with IMRT plans compared to 3D-CRT plans. © 2020 Novin Medical Radiation Institute. All rights reserved