Leading-edge pressure measurements of airfoil vortex interaction

Experimental pressure-differential measurements made at 10% chord of an airfoil-vortex interaction are presented. A line vortex was oscillated over an airfoil perpendicular to the span and parallel to the chord. The pressure time history was recorded in order to show the sharp pressure pulses resulting from the bursting of the vortex core as it impinges upon the airfoil. Results for various vortex sizes and free stream velocities were obtained. Measurements were also made when the airfoil was yawed to the line vortex. Maximum pressure differences were observed to occur in phase across the blade even with yaw, and were directly proportional to the square of the free stream velocity. The maximum dynamic pressure coefficients obtained were as high as 1.0 when vortex bursting occurred

The light ion trough, the main trough, and the plasmapause

Extensive observations of mid-latitude depletions in electron and total ion density by both direct and indirect techniques, have prompted numerous studies of the possible association between these troughs, observed in the F-region, the topside ionosphere, and the plasmapause. One basic problem arises, in that while the plasmapause was detected as a global phenomenon both by VLF and ion composition measurements, the electron and ion density troughs were identified primarily as nightside features. This problem, as well as the difficulty in explaining various inconsistencies in relating the position of the plasmapause and the ionization trough, is explained by a close examination of the ion composition. In particular, ion composition results from the polar orbiting OGO satellites identify the persistence of a pronounced light ion trough in H(+) and He(+) identified by order of magnitude decreases in the light ion concentrations

A study to analyze six band multispectral images and fabricate a Fourier transform detector

An automatic Fourier transform diffraction pattern sampling system, used to investigate techniques for forestry classification of six band multispectral aerial photography is presented. Photographs and diagrams of the design, development and fabrication of a hybrid optical-digital Fourier transform detector are shown. The detector was designed around a concentric ring fiber optic array. This array was formed from many optical fibers which were sorted into concentric rings about a single fiber. All the fibers in each ring were collected into a bundle and terminated into a single photodetector. An optical/digital interface unit consisting of a high level multiplexer, and an analog-to-digital amplifier was also constructed and is described

Spectral studies of signals present in the command and communications system up-link transmitter

Spectral studies of signals present in command and communications system uplink transmitter of Saturn 5 radio frequency tracking and ranging system

The Irrevocable Inter Vivos Trust: Income and Estate Tax Consequences to the Donor and the Trustee

One of the most useful estate planning mechanisms for substantial estates is the irrevocable inter vivos trust. Such a trust might provide that all the income from the trust property be paid to the donor\u27s wife (or child) for life with the income beneficiary having a power of appointment by will limited as to objects so as not to cause the trust property to be includible in her estate for federal estate tax purposes. In addition, the trustee might be given discretion to distribute corpus to or for the benefit of the income beneficiary either (a) in the trustee\u27s absolute discretion, (b) according to a standard relating to the beneficiary\u27s health, maintenance, support or education, or (c) according to a broader standard, such as the beneficiary\u27s benefit, comfort, welfare or happiness. A somewhat varied form of trust might provide that the trustee .may in his discretion distribute income and corpus to or for the benefit of the primary beneficiary (donor\u27s child), the primary beneficiary\u27s spouse, issue and spouses of issue. The primary beneficiary might be given a limited power to appoint by will, in default of the exercise of which the trust continues for the other beneficiaries

The lender of last resort function under a currency board : the case of Argentina

Within the current rules of the game, Argentina's central bank (BCRA) is charged with being the lender of last resort as well as providing full convertibility between pesos and U.S. dollars - two objectives with one instrument, namely, reserves. Within those rules, it may be well that the balance of responsibilities needs to shift. Complete dollarization can significantly reduce risks but not entirely eliminate them. If the BCRA can concentrate more on building up reserves and helping to ward off crises of confidence in the currency, perhaps the banking system can protect itself better from liquidity shocks. But this will require, among other things, consolidation of the sector (which could give it greater access to outside liquidity) and prudential strengthening of the system. Triage of weaker banks should continue and not await another crisis. More experience with the new liquidity policy is needed and so is reform of the settlement system, as it affects the functioning of the interbank market, which is essential for containing crises. Essentially, however, no grand solution seems to exist for the problems that seem inevitable in a system where the central bank is also the currency board. Argentina's strategy must therefore turn on actively strengthening its banking systems to reduce the risks of insolvency.Financial Intermediation,Payment Systems&Infrastructure,Banks&Banking Reform,Financial Crisis Management&Restructuring,Economic Theory&Research,Banks&Banking Reform,Financial Intermediation,Financial Crisis Management&Restructuring,Economic Theory&Research,Banking Law