The Ethanolization of Agriculture and the Roles of Agricultural Economists

Agricultural and Food Policy, Resource /Energy Economics and Policy,

Will the Mississippi and Louisiana Dairy Industry Survive Hurricane Katrina?

The Mississippi and Louisiana dairy industry was devastated by Hurricane Katrina when 400+ farms were severely damaged. These producers face difficult choices between repairing damages (estimated at $120,000/farm) or ceasing operations. An estimated 25-30 percent of impacted farms may quit milking, which reduces the critical mass needed to sustain this industry.Livestock Production/Industries,

Financial Analysis of Implementing an Anaerobic Digester and Free Stall Barn System on a Mississippi Dairy Farm

The installation of an anaerobic digestion system and a free stall barn on a Mississippi dairy farm is only feasible with the presence of a cost-share plan. A 60% cost-share plan is the minimum amount of support a farmer must receive in order to install both facilities.Anaerobic digester, Dairy farm, Cost-share plan, Farm Management,

Engineering prediction of turbulent skin friction and heat transfer in high-speed flow

A large collection of experimental turbulent-skin-friction and heat-transfer data for flat plates and cones was used to determine the most accurate of six of the most popular engineering-prediction methods; the data represent a Mach number range from 4 to 13 and ratio of wall to total temperature ranging from 0.1 to 0.7. The Spalding and Chi method incorporating virtual-origin concepts was found to be the best prediction method for Mach numbers less than 10; the limited experimental data for Mach numbers greater than 10 were not well predicted by any of the engineering methods except the Coles method

Effect of two-dimensional multiple sine-wave protrusions of the pressure and heat-transfer distributions for a flat plate at Mach 6

Effect of two dimensional multiple sine wave protrusions on pressure and heat transfer distributions for flat plate in hypersonic flo

Discrete sonic jets used as boundary-layer trips at Mach numbers of 6 and 8.5

The effect of discrete three-dimensional sonic jets used to promote transition on a sharp-leading-edge flat plate at Mach numbers of 6 and 8.5 and unit Reynolds numbers as high as 2.5 x 100,000 per cm in the Langley 20-inch hypersonic tunnels is discussed. An examination of the downstream flow-field distortions associated with the discrete jets for the Mach 8.5 flow was also conducted. Jet trips are found to produce lengths of turbulent flow comparable to those obtained for spherical-roughness-element trips while significantly reducing the downstream flow distortions. A Reynolds number based upon secondary jet penetration into a supersonic main flow is used to correlate jet-trip effectiveness just as a Reynolds number based upon roughness height is used to correlate spherical-trip effectiveness. Measured heat-transfer data are in agreement with the predictions

Experiments with hypersonic turbulent boundary layers on flat plates and delta wings

Hypersonic turbulent boundary layers on flat plates and delta wing

The Impacts of Ethanol on the US Catfish Farm Sector

In this study, we estimated catfish feed and farm price reduced form equations. Of particular importance was the impact of the recent increase in grain prices induced by ethanol production on feed cost and farm prices. This relationship was examined using an autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model. Results show that a 1% increase in corn prices caused a 0.134% and 0.263% increase in feed prices in the short- and long-run, respectively. Catfish farm prices increased by 0.106% (short-run) and 0.211% (long-run) given a 1% increase in feed prices. Between 2004 and 2008, corn prices increased from $2 to$6 per bushels. Taheripour and Tyner (2008) state that of the total increase, 25% was due to US ethanol subsidies and 75% was due to the increase in the price of crude oil. Given the $1 increase in corn prices (50%), this should result in a feed price increase of 13% and a farm price increase of 2.7% in the long-run. Park and Fortenbery (2007) found that for every percentage increase in ethanol production, corn prices increased by 0.16 % in the short run. From this we conclude that a 100% increase in ethanol production will cause catfish feed prices to increase by 4.21% in the long run, and catfish farm prices to increase by 0.89%.catfish, price, catfish feed, ethanol, autoregressive distributed lag model, ARDL, Demand and Price Analysis, Research Methods/ Statistical Methods,

Construction Cost Sensitivity of a Lignocellulosic Ethanol Biorefinery

The technology has been developed to convert feedstock with cellulose content into ethanol. However, ethanol produced from cellulosic feedstock is the same as ethanol distilled from grain. The objective of research is to determine the price per gallon of ethanol needed so that producing lignocellulosic based ethanol become economically feasible.Environmental Economics and Policy, Production Economics,

Downstream influence of swept slot injection in hypersonic turbulent flow

Results of an experimental and numerical investigation of tangential swept slot injection into a thick turbulent boundary layer at Mach 6 are presented. Film cooling effectiveness, skin friction, and flow structure downstream of the swept slot injection were investigated. The data were compared with that for unswept slots, and it was found that cooling effectiveness and skin friction reductions are not significantly affected by sweeping the slot