1,479 research outputs found

    On Mars too, expect macroweather

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    Terrestrial atmospheric and oceanic spectra show drastic transitions at τw ≈10 days and τow ≈ 1 year respectively; this has been theorized as the lifetime of planetary scale structures. For wind and temperature, the forms of the low and high frequency parts of the spectra (macroweather, weather) as well as the τw can be theoretically estimated, the latter depending notably on the solar induced turbulent energy flux. We extend the theory to other planets and test it using Viking lander and reanalysis data from Mars. When the Martian spectra are scaled by the theoretical amount, they agree very well with their terrestrial atmospheric counterparts. We discuss the implications for understanding planetary fluid dynamical systems

    Quantitative nucleolar proteomics reveals nuclear re-organization during stress- induced senescence in mouse fibroblast

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    <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Nucleolus is the most prominent mammalian organelle within the nucleus which is also the site for ribosomal biogenesis. There have been many reports indicating the involvement of nucleolus in the process of aging. Several proteins related to aging have been shown to localize in the nucleolus, which suggests the role of this organelle in senescence.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>In this study, we used quantitative mass spectrometry to map the flux of proteins into and out of the nucleolus during the induction of senescence in cultured mammalian cells. Changes in the abundance of 344 nucleolar proteins in sodium butyrate-induced senescence in NIH3T3 cells were studied by SILAC (stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture)-based mass spectrometry. Biochemically, we have validated the proteomic results and confirmed that B23 (nucleophosmin) protein was down-regulated, while poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and nuclear DNA helicase II (NDH II/DHX9/RHA) were up-regulated in the nucleolus upon treatment with sodium butyrate. Accumulation of chromatin in the nucleolus was also observed, by both proteomics and microscopy, in sodium butyrate-treated cells. Similar observations were found in other models of senescence, namely, in mitoxantrone- (MTX) treated cells and primary fibroblasts from the Lamin A knockout mice.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Our data indicate an extensive nuclear organization during senescence and suggest that the redistribution of B23 protein and chromatin can be used as an important marker for senescence.</p

    Measurement of Exclusive B Decays to Final States Containing a Charmed Baryon

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    Using data collected by the CLEO detector in the Upsilon(4S) region, we report new measurements of the exclusive decays of B mesons into final states of the type Lambda_c^+ p-bar n(pi), where n=0,1,2,3. We find signals in modes with one, two and three pions and an upper limit for the two body decay Lambda_c^+ pbar. We also make the first measurements of exclusive decays of B mesons to Sigma_c p-bar n(pi), where n=0,1,2. We find signals in modes with one and two pions and an upper limit for the two body decay Sigma_c p-bar. Measurements of these modes shed light on the mechanisms involved in B decays to baryons.Comment: 11 pages postscript, also available through http://w4.lns.cornell.edu/public/CLNS, submitted to PR

    Measurement of the Masses and Widths of the Sigma_c^++ and Sigma_c^0 Charmed Baryons

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    Using data recorded by the CLEO II and CLEO II.V detector configurations at CESR, we report new measurements of the masses of the Sigma_c^{++} and Sigma_c^0 charmed baryons, and the first measurements of their intrinsic widths. We find M(Sigma_c^{++}) - M(Lambda_c^+) = 167.4 +- 0.1 +- 0.2 MeV, Gamma(Sigma_c^{++}) = 2.3 +- 0.2 +- 0.3 MeV, and M(Sigma_c^0) - M(Lambda_c^+) = 167.2 +- 0.1 +- 0.2 MeV, Gamma(Sigma_c^0) = 2.5 +- 0.2 +- 0.3 MeV, where the uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively.Comment: 9 pages postscript, also available through http://w4.lns.cornell.edu/public/CLNS, submitted to PRD, Rapid Communications. Reference [13] correcte

    Modified f(R) gravity from scalar-tensor theory and inhomogeneous EoS dark energy

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    The reconstruction of f(R)-gravity is showed by using an auxiliary scalar field in the context of cosmological evolution, this development provide a way of reconstruct the form of the function f (R) for a given evolution of the Hubble parameter. In analogy, f(R)-gravity may be expressed by a perfect fluid with an inhomogeneous equation of state that depends on the Hubble parameter and its derivatives. This mathematical equivalence that may confuse about the origin of the mechanism that produces the current acceleration, and possibly the whole evolution of the Hubble parameter, is shown here.Comment: 8 page

    Evidence for the Decay D0K+ππ+πD^0\to K^+ \pi^-\pi^+\pi^-

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    We present a search for the ``wrong-sign'' decay D0 -> K+ pi- pi+ pi- using 9 fb-1 of e+e- collisions on and just below the Upsilon(4S) resonance. This decay can occur either through a doubly Cabibbo-suppressed process or through mixing to a D0bar followed by a Cabibbo-favored process. Our result for the time-integrated wrong-sign rate relative to the decay D0 -> K- pi+ pi- pi+ is (0.0041 +0.0012-0.0011(stat.) +-0.0004(syst.))x(1.07 +-0.10)(phase space), which has a statistical significance of 3.9 standard deviations.Comment: 9 pages postscript, also available through http://w4.lns.cornell.edu/public/CLNS, submitted to PR

    Hadronic Mass Moments in Inclusive Semileptonic B Meson Decays

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    We have measured the first and second moments of the hadronic mass-squared distribution in B -> X_c l nu, for P(lepton) > 1.5 GeV/c. We find <M_X^2 - M_D[Bar]^2> = 0.251 +- 0.066 GeV^2, )^2 > = 0.576 +- 0.170 GeV^4, where M_D[Bar] is the spin-averaged D meson mass. From that first moment and the first moment of the photon energy spectrum in b -> s gamma, we find the HQET parameter lambda_1 (MS[Bar], to order 1/M^3 and beta_0 alpha_s^2) to be -0.24 +- 0.11 GeV^2. Using these first moments and the B semileptonic width, and assuming parton-hadron duality, we obtain |V_cb| = 0.0404 +- 0.0013.Comment: 11 pages postscript, also available through http://w4.lns.cornell.edu/public/CLNS, submitted to PR

    Observation of Exclusive barB --> D(*) K*- Decays

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    We report the first observation of the exclusive decays \bar B\to D^{(*)}K^{*-}, using 9.66 x 10^{6} B\bar{B} pairs collected at the \Upsilon(4S) with the CLEO detector. We measure the following branching fractions: {\cal B}(B^- -> D^0 K^{*-})=(6.1 +- 1.6 +-1.7)x10^{-4}, {\cal B}(\bar{B^0} -> D^+K^{*-})=(3.7 +- 1.5 +- 1.0) x 10^{-4}, {\cal B}(\bar{B^0} -> D^{*+}K^{*-})=(3.8 +- 1.3 +- 0.8) x 10^{-4} and {\cal B}(B^- --> D^{*0} K^{*-})=(7.7 +- 2.2 +- 2.6) x 10^{-4}. The \bar B ->D^*K^{*-} branching ratios are the averages of those corresponding to the 00 and 11 helicity states. The errors shown are statistical and systematic, respectively.Comment: 9 pages postscript, also available through http://w4.lns.cornell.edu/public/CLNS, Published in Phys.Rev.Lett.88:101803,200

    Observation of the Ωc0\Omega_{c}^{0} Charmed Baryon at CLEO

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    The CLEO experiment at the CESR collider has used 13.7 fb1^{-1} of data to search for the production of the Ωc0\Omega_c^0 (css-ground state) in e+ee^{+}e^{-} collisions at s10.6\sqrt{s} \simeq 10.6 {\rm GeV}. The modes used to study the Ωc0\Omega_c^0 are Ωπ+\Omega^- \pi^+, Ωπ+π0\Omega^- \pi^+ \pi^0, ΞKpi+π+\Xi^- K^- pi^+ \pi^+, Ξ0Kpi+\Xi^0 K^- pi^+, and Ωπ+ππ+\Omega^- \pi^+ \pi^- \pi^+. We observe a signal of 40.4±\pm9.0(stat) events at a mass of 2694.6±\pm2.6(stat)±\pm1.9(syst) {\rm MeV/c2c^2}, for all modes combined.Comment: 10 pages postscript, also available through http://w4.lns.cornell.edu/public/CLN

    Evidence of New States Decaying into Ξcπ\Xi^{\prime}_{c}\pi

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    Using 13.7 fb1fb^{-1} of data recorded by the CLEO detector at CESR, we report evidence for two new charmed baryons: one decaying into Ξc0π+\Xi_c^{0 \prime}\pi^+ with the subsequent decay Ξc0Ξc0γ\Xi_c^{0 \prime} \to \Xi_c^0 \gamma, and its isospin partner decaying into Ξc+π\Xi_c^{+ \prime} \pi^- followed by Ξc+Ξc+γ\Xi_c^{+\prime} \to \Xi_c^+\gamma. We measure the following mass differences for the two states: M(Ξc0γπ+)M(Ξc0)M(\Xi_c^0 \gamma \pi^+)-M(\Xi_c^0)=318.2+-1.3+-2.9 MeV, and M(Ξc+γπ)M(Ξc+)M(\Xi_c^+ \gamma \pi^-)-M(\Xi_c^+)=324.0+-1.3+-3.0 MeV. We interpret these new states as the JP=1/2Ξc1J^P = 1/2^- \Xi_{c1} particles, the charmed-strange analogs of the Λc1+(2593)\Lambda_{c1}^+(2593).Comment: 10 pages postscript, also available through http://w4.lns.cornell.edu/public/CLN
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