24 research outputs found
The Kelp Forest Challenge: A collaborative global movement to protect and restore 4 million hectares of kelp forests
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On the Conversion of Bauxite Ores to Highly Activated Alumina Media for Water Remediation
Good quality drinking water is necessary to maintain a high quality of life. Millions lack access to clean and safe drinking water, and current trends suggest that billions will face acute water shortages in the coming decades. Development of new materials has led to technological impacts on water purification, from desalination membranes to atmospheric water scavenging. However, the most challenging aspect of technological solutions is cost: if the community being serviced cannot afford the solution, it is not likely to be sustainable. Repurposing Earth-abundant materials to replace highly engineered solutions is an atractive solution. Herein, minimal processing of bauxite rocks produces a high-porosity and reactive activated alumina in situ, without purification directly from the ore. This acid-treated, thermally activated bauxite (ATAB) exhibits a high surface area of 401 ± 6 m2 g−1, a 40-fold increase relative to its parent ore, and a 2× increase relative to the state-of-the-art fluoride adsorbent, activated alumina. The composition, preparation, and mechanism of adsorption are studied by X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and multiple-quantum magic-angle spinning 27Al nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The maximum adsorption density of ATAB is comparable with that of activated alumina, but ATAB requires fewer processing steps, thus warranting future consideration as a primary adsorbent of choice for fluoride removal from water
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Controlling the Schottky Barrier at the Pt/TiO2Interface by Intercalation of a Self-Assembled Monolayer with Oriented Dipole Moments
Interfacial Schottky barriers can impact the catalytic function of Pt on TiO2. Since the electronic structure is characteristic of each material, it may be advantageous to tailor the interfacial Schottky barrier by the addition of adsorbed layers. Here, we show that the Schottky barrier in Pt/TiO2can be mitigated by the insertion of self-assembled monolayers (SAM) of carboranethiols that possess an oriented dipole moment. A Pt substrate with the SAM on which TiO2nanoparticles are deposited is used to that effect. Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy shows thatm-9-carboranethiolate SAM with perpendicular dipole moments decreases the potential difference between TiO2and Pt by ∼0.3 eV due to the interfacial electric field of the SAM. Our findings open new opportunities for tailoring interfacial electronic structures not only in the metal-semiconductor junction, but also the semiconductor heterojunctions
Cognitive Impairment, Depression, Comorbidity of the Two and Associated Factors among the Early Sixties in a Rural Korean Community
A micro-needle induced strategy for preparation of monodisperse liquid metal droplets in glass capillary microfluidics
Extremely stretchable and self-healing conductor based on thermoplastic elastomer for all-three-dimensional printed triboelectric nanogenerator
Effects of Integrated Trauma Treatment on Outcomes in a Racially/Ethnically Diverse Sample of Women in Urban Community-based Substance Abuse Treatment
This study presents findings from a quasiexperimental, nonequivalent, group-design study with repeated measures that explored the effects of integrated trauma-informed services on the severity of substance abuse, mental health, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptomatology among women with histories of trauma in urban, community-based substance abuse treatment. The study also explored if the model of integrated services was equally beneficial for women of various racial/ethnic groups. Participants in the study were 342 women receiving substance abuse treatment in intervention and comparison sites. Results indicated that at 6 and 12 month follow-ups, those in the trauma-informed intervention group, in contrast to the comparison group, had significantly better outcomes in drug abstinence rates in the past 30Â days as well as in mental health and PTSD symptomatology. Results also showed that, overall, integrated services were beneficial for women across the different racial/ethnic groups in substance abuse treatment, although some differences appear to exist across racial/ethnic groups in improving addiction severity and mental health and PTSD symptomatology