7 research outputs found

    Comparaison des diversités génétiques de Dacryodes edulis (G.Don) H.J. Lam et de Dacryodes buettneri (Engel.) H.J. Lam (Burséracées), deux espÚces forestiÚres utiles en Afrique centrale

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    Dacryodes buettneri et Dacryodes edulis sont des espĂšces Ă  usages multiples en Afrique centrale. Elles servent principalement de bois d’oeuvre et de fruitier. Des Ă©chantillons de leurs folioles ont Ă©tĂ© rĂ©coltĂ©s sur 694 arbres rĂ©partis dans 29 populations au Cameroun et au Gabon, afin d’extraire l’ADNn et amplifier cinq marqueurs microsatellites. Les paramĂštres gĂ©nĂ©tiques des populations ont Ă©tĂ© calculĂ©s pour Ă©valuer et comparer leur diversitĂ© gĂ©nĂ©tique. Les moyennes des nombres d’allĂšles sont respectivement 4,43 ± 1,37 et 5,36 ± 1,13. Il n’existe pas de diffĂ©rence significative dans la rĂ©partition des nombres d’allĂšles par locus entre les espĂšces. Les paramĂštres de la diversitĂ© intra-population de D. buettneri (P = 0,76 ± 0,15; Hatt = 0,35 ± 0,06 et Hobs = 0,26 ± 0,04) sont significativement infĂ©rieurs Ă  ceux de D. edulis (P = 0,9 ± 0,12; Hatt = 0,47 ± 0,05 et Hobs = 0,41 ± 0,07), alors que le coefficient de consanguinitĂ© de D. buettneri (F = 0,25 ± 0,08) est deux fois supĂ©rieur Ă  celui de la deuxiĂšme espĂšce (F = 0,12 ± 0,03). Un important flux de gĂšnes inter-espĂšce a Ă©tĂ© trouvĂ©, Nm = 0,44. Les analyses ont ressorti trois groupes de populations, sĂ©parĂ©s par la distance gĂ©ographique et l’isolement taxonomique. D. edulis se croise parfaitement si les individus sont gĂ©ographiquement proches, mĂȘme avec les individus spontanĂ©s forestiers. Aucune sĂ©paration variĂ©tale au sein de D. edulis n’a Ă©tĂ© dĂ©tectĂ©e. Cette Ă©tude est une contribution Ă  la valorisation de la diversitĂ© gĂ©nĂ©tique des espĂšces forestiĂšres africaines pour une conservation durable.Mots clĂ©s : EspĂšces Ă  usages multiples, marqueurs microsatellites, gĂ©nĂ©tique de populations, conservation durable

    The montane trees of the Cameroon Highlands, West-Central Africa, with Deinbollia onanae sp. Nov. (Sapindaceae), a new primate-dispersed, Endangered species

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    We test the hypothesis that the tree species previously known as Deinbollia sp. 2. is a new species for science. We formally characterise and name this species as Deinbollia onanae (Sapindaceae-Litchi clade) and we discuss it in the context of the assemblage of montane tree species in the Cameroon Highlands of West-Central Africa. The new species is a shade-bearing, non-pioneer understorey forest tree species reaching 15 m high and a trunk diameter that can attain over 40 cm at 1.3 m above the ground. Seed dispersal has been recorded by chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes ellioti) and by puttynose monkeys (Cercopithecus nictitans) and the species is used by chimpanzees for nesting. Cameroon has the highest species-diversity and species endemism known in this African-Western Indian Ocean genus of 42, mainly lowland species. Deinbollia onanae is an infrequent tree species known from six locations in surviving islands of montane (sometimes also upper submontane) forest along the line of the Cameroon Highlands, including one at Ngel Nyaki in Mambilla, Nigeria. Deinbollia onanae is here assessed as Endangered according to the IUCN 2012 standard, threatened by severe fragmentation of its mountain forest habitat due to extensive and ongoing clearance for agriculture. The majority of the 28 tree species of montane forest (above 2000 m alt.) in the Cameroon Highlands are also widespread in East African mountains (i.e. are Afromontane wide). Deinbollia onanae is one of only seven species known to be endemic (globally restricted to) these highlands. It is postulated that this new species is morphologically closest to Deinbollia oreophila, a frequent species at a lower (submontane) altitudinal band of the same range. Detailed ecological data on Deinbollia onanae from the Nigerian location, Ngel Nyaki, where it has been known under the name Deinbollia ``pinnata", is reviewed

    State of the World’s Plants and Fungi 2020. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew

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    Kew’s State of the World’s Plants and Fungi project provides assessments of our current knowledge of the diversity of plants and fungi on Earth, the global threats that they face, and the policies to safeguard them. Produced in conjunction with an international scientific symposium, Kew’s State of the World’s Plants and Fungi sets an important international standard from which we can annually track trends in the global status of plant and fungal diversity

    Exploring the floristic diversity of tropical Africa

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